PAN—ACF吸附洗车废水的实验研究

实验以洗车废水为研究对象,研究了聚丙烯腈活性炭纤维（PAN—ACF）去除水中LAS的效果,考察了PAN—ACF的用量、时间、温度以及pH对吸附效果的影响。模拟废水和实际洗车废水的实验研究表明：当废水中LAS浓度为10mg／L时,在处理最佳时间为5min、最佳用量为0．5g/L、常温弱酸性的条件下,LAS的去除率能达到92％以上。此外PAN—ACF对废水中的CODcr及NH3-N也能有效地去除,用NaOH溶液再生后对LAS吸附性更好。     

生物活性炭纤维处理微污染源水

在生物活性炭的基础上,以活性炭纤维替代颗粒活性炭,研制了生物活性炭纤维(BACF)新型吸附材料,用于处理水中有机污染物。用扫描电镜观察了微生物在ACF上的固定情况,以水处理常用指标CODMn、UV254及,GC-MS图谱分析考察BACF对于微污染源水的处理效果。研究结果显示BACF技术作为一种新颖的水的深度处理工艺,结合了吸附与生物降解的双重效能,可以有效提高对源水的净化效果,提高出水水质,同时也可以扩大水源水的取水范围,是一项先进的水处理技术。     

载银活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌吸附作用的研究

以大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａｃｏｌｉ）为对象，通过细菌吸附实验研究了载银活性碳纤维（ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ））对大肠杆菌的吸附特性．借助扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）进行细菌分布形态的观察和细菌数量的计算．结果表明，大肠杆菌易分布于ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）表面的沟槽处；ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）吸附的细菌数量随银含量、比表面积的增加而增大．此外，细菌吸附量还与ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）表面银颗粒的大小有关．对吸附细菌的动力学亦进行了研究．     

Influence of environmental temperature and relative humidity on photocatalytic oxidation of toluene on activated carbon fibers coated TiO2

TiO₂ supported on active carbon fiber (TiO₂/ACF), an absorbable photocatalyst, is a new kind of material applied in air purification. In this paper, the influence of environmental temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) on the gas-solid adsorption of toluene and the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) efficiency of adsorbed toluene on TiO₂/ACF were studied, and then, the purification capability of TiO₂/ACF was estimated. PCO results showed that although the PCO efficiency increased under high RH and T levels, the amount of adsorption of toluene decreased. Moreover, quantitative analysis results of intermediates indicated that more environmental risk emerged when PCO of toluene was carried out at higher environmental T and RH levels because more toxic intermediates would be accumulated on the TiO₂/ACF. So, it is significant to control the environmental T and RH conditions in the application of the PCO technique. T = 25°C and RH530% is the optimal condition for purifying toluene in our experimental system. __________ Translated from Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 2007, 20(5): 10–13 [译自: 城市环境与城市生态]     

ACF吸附法处理苯酚泄漏造成的河流突发污染事故模拟研究

环境突发污染事故给人民生活、经济发展和生态环境造成重大影响,研究污染物泄漏造成的河流污染的应急处理方法十分必要.实验以苯酚为研究对象,选用吸附容量大、密度与水接近的活性炭纤维(ACF)为吸附剂,在自制的河流模型中,研究了ACF对苯酚进行吸附的过程,考察了吸附剂投加量、苯酚浓度、吸附剂比表面积、吸附剂投加方式、水流速度与水质等对吸附速率与吸附效果的影响.实验结果表明,ACF能以较快的速率吸附苯酚;ACF投加量是影响吸附速率最重要的因素,当ACF投加质量之比为1:2:4时,吸附速率常数之比近似为1:2:4;苯酚浓度对吸附速率的影响显著,苯酚浓度较低时吸附速率较高.苯酚初始浓度为7mg·L-1时.经过86min的吸附,苯酚浓度可以达到地表水V类水中挥发酚的限值要求(0.1mg·L-1);在吸附11min左右追加适量的ACF,能够明显提高吸附速率;河水流速和水质对吸附速率影响不大;在实际河水中,ACF对苯酚的吸附过程与在模拟河水中相似,吸附效果显著.     

液可清(ACF32)处理垃圾渗滤液的初步实验研究

采用液可清(ACF32)对垃圾渗滤液进行了处理,重点对其感官指标进行了观察测定,初步揭示对气味、颜色、浊度和生物毒性都有较明显的处理效果。     

野外便携净水器净水消毒工艺试验研究

野外便携净水器应具杀菌消毒效率高、净水时间短、使用寿命长、操作方便等功能使用要求。通过试验考察了三碘树脂和载银活性炭两种不同净水消毒工艺流程对原水处理效果。结果表明：三碘树脂材料比载银活性炭材料具有灭菌效果好、反应接触时间短、使用时间长等优势，是一类具有良好军事应用价值的野外便携净水器的净水消毒材料。     

活性炭纤维（ACF）电极法处理染料废水的探讨

根据Ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ Ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎ＾［１］［６］的原理，通过ＡＣＦ电极的引入，使得电化学处理成为一个自由基反应与絮凝反应相结合的过程，对于多种模拟印染废水可以具有良好的处理效果。通过与其他方法的对比实验，表明在色度去除率方面不比Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂法逊色，并明显优于絮凝法。经过单级处理，对于实验范围内的还原染料、酸性染料、活性染料及硫化染料，其脱色率全部大于９０％，大多数为９８     

Surface characterization of metal oxides-supported activated carbon fiber catalysts for simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide

The sol–gel method was used to synthesize a series of metal oxides-supported activated carbon fiber (ACF) and the simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis activity of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS₂) at relatively low temperatures of 60°C was tested. The effects of preparation conditions on the catalyst properties were investigated, including the kinds and amount of metal oxides and calcination temperatures. The activity tests indicated that catalysts with 5 wt.% Ni after calcining at 400°C (Ni(5)/ACF(400)) had the best performance for the simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis of COS and CS₂. The surface and structure properties of prepared ACF were characterized by scanning electron microscope-energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), carbon dioxide-temperature programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD) and diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared reflection (DRFTIR). And the metal cation defects were researched by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. The characterization results showed that the supporting of Ni on the ACF made the ACF catalyst show alkaline and increased the specific surface area and the number of micropores, then improved catalytic hydrolysis activity. The DRFTIR results revealed that -OH species could facilitate the hydrolysis of COS and CS₂; -COO and -C–O species could facilitate the oxidation of catalytic hydrolysate H₂S. And the EPR results showed that high calcination temperature conditions provide more active reaction center for the COS and CS₂ adsorption.     

载铜活性炭纤维Cu-ACF的微观结构与表面形态

本文讨论了载铜活性炭纤维的制备过程与微观结构,表面形态的关系。