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31.
《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2013,7(2):243-250
Two collections of essays that originated from the 2000 conference, “Between Nature,” held in Lancaster, England are reviewed. Themes of “process vs. object” and “performance of/for activists” are tracked across several of the essays. These essays provide important insights to how performance as concept and as practice are used by theorists and performers alike to reimagine human relationships in and with the human and non-human world. 相似文献
32.
Aims
A sociological and anthropological view of culture was used to investigate how work culture, independent of “safety culture”, may affect safety in the workplace. We explored how work cultures of nurses and physical/occupational therapists (PT/OTs) in two acute care hospitals are related to the adoption of patient lifting devices.Methods
Focus groups were conducted between 2006 and 2009, seven with nurse staff (n = 39) and two with PT/OT staff (n = 17), to explore issues concerning a Minimal Manual Lift Environment policy, initiated in 2004, and subsequent use of patient lift equipment. Audio recordings of the sessions were transcribed; text data were analyzed using N6-QSR. Cultural facilitators and barriers to the adoption of patient lift equipment were examined.Results
Data revealed cultural similarities and differences between these healthcare professions. Both displayed a “patient first” approach to care-giving which may promote lift device use for patients’ benefits, not necessarily for staff safety. Also, the implied purpose of patient lifting devices clashes with the nurses’ cultural emphasis on compassion, and with PT/OTs’ cultural emphasis on independence except when use increases patients’ independence.Conclusions
Cultural expressions regarding the nature of care-giving among healthcare professionals may affect the propensity to adopt safety measures in complex ways. The workers’ understanding of the purpose of their work, and acceptable means of conducting it, should be understood before implementing safety interventions. The utilization of lift assist teams, who are not socialized into the cultures of nursing or PT/OT, may be one means of circumventing cultural barriers to lift equipment use. 相似文献33.
The core aim of the study was to gain insight into the cross-country differences in traffic risk perception and driving behaviour and also how culture and cultural differences may influence perceived risk and risk behaviour by comparing a sample of the Russian population with a sample of the Norwegian population. A new measurement instrument aimed at measuring culture as symbol exchange was applied. Self-completion questionnaire surveys were carried out among representative samples of the Norwegian (n = 247) and the Russian (n = 299) population aged 18 years and over. The results showed that culture defined as symbol exchange was weakly associated with risk perception. It is suggested that research carried out to date on the role of culture in risk research may have focused on criterion variables which are not very relevant. However, while traffic safety culture does not seem to be important for risk perception, this study shows that it seems to be relevant for drivers’ risk behaviour and thus it is still relevant and important to focus on traffic culture in risk research despite the fact that culture does not predict perceived risk. As symbol exchange, the newly developed measure of traffic safety culture is capable of predicting drivers’ risk behaviour in traffic and is therefore a valid predictor of traffic safety. 相似文献
34.
The white rot fungi are members of Basidiomycota, which can degrade lignin and form white rot. They are high producers of extracellular laccases. In the present study, pure culture strain of high-temperature and high-laccase production types (numbered as BUA-01) was isolated from the fruiting bodies of a white rot fungus collected in the campus of Beijing University of Agriculture. The taxonomic characteristic was determined based on morphological and ITS sequence analysis. Furthermore, the optimal culture conditions for the mycelia were determined, including carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N ratio, growth factors, temperature, and pH. Extracellular laccase production was investigated in liquid fermentation with different concentrations of Cu (CuSO4) as inducer. Decolorizing activity of the fermentation broth was assayed using three azo dyes: Evans blue, methyl orange, and eriochrome black T. The results showed that the strain possessed the highest homology toward Trametes hirsuta, with the homology ratio of 100% and the genetic distance of 0, suggesting that the strain BUA-01 belonged to the genus Trametes. The culture condition investigated revealed that the optimal condition for mycelia growth included the following: carbon source, starch; nitrogen source, soybean powder and yeast extract; C/N ratio, 40/1 and 10/1; temperature, 37 °C; and pH, 6.0-7.0. The assayed growth factors had no significant effect on mycelial growth. It demonstrated high laccase activity in liquid fermentation. The highest extracellular laccase activity of 1 081.33 ± 6.3 U/mL was observed in the broth with a Cu adjunction concentration of 0.25 mmol/L after a 96-h culture period. It was about 26-fold higher than that of the control group. The isolated strain exhibited significant decolorizing activity toward the azo dyes Evans blue, methyl orange, and eriochrome black T, with the decolorization rate at 12 h of 93.31% ± 0.16%, 92.37% ± 0.42%, 79.25% ± 0.64%, respectively. This suggests that the strain possesses potential applications in laccase production and dye degradation. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
35.
In this study, a pure culture strain (numbered as F1501) was obtained using tissue separation and purification methods from the sclerotia of Chaga mushroom from Russia. Further researches included studies on classification, optimum growth conditions of mycelia, extracellular polysaccharides from fermentation broth and their antioxidant activity, and artificial acclimation. According to the identification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, it was confirmed that F1501 was a species of the genus Inonotus and family Hymenochaetaceae, which had 99% similarity with Inonotus obliquus. F1501 was further classified as I. obliquus based on the morphological characteristics of its mycelia and sclerotia. The optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N ratio, growth factor, temperature, and pH value for the growth of the F1501 strain mycelia were maltose, beef extracts, 10/1, B2, 28 °C, and 8.0, respectively. Liquid fermentation of F1501 was performed using PD media and a 10% inoculation amount at 28 °C and 150 r/min for 7 d. The content of polysaccharides in the fermentation broth was 476.32 mg/L, with a total antioxidant activity of 0.19 mmol/L (Trolox) and hydroxyl free radical-scavenging activity of 72.7%. Artificial acclimation study revealed that the fruiting body-like structure was obtained using cottonseed hulls as the main substrate. In the present study, a new strain of I. obliquus and its biological characteristics were explored, which could provide a theoretical basis for the artificial acclimation and development of wild mushrooms. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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38.
粪大肠菌群快速测定——纸片法的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赵凌宇 《环境监测管理与技术》2007,19(4):18-20
采集苏州具有代表性的地表水水体22个点位的样品,进行粪大肠菌群的测定方法比较,结果表明,《粪大肠菌群快速测定--纸片法》适于测定受粪便污染程度较轻的湖泊水体.但是,该方法的培养时间对阳性管率有明显影响,认为16 h~18 h是比较理想的培养时间. 相似文献
39.
Scientific information is not always effectively incorporated into decision-making processes. This phenomenon seems to hold
even when the information is aligned with an articulated need, is generated according to sound scientific procedures, and
is packaged with end-user preferences in mind. We propose that contextual or cultural differences contribute significantly
to the misalignment in communication between those who generate information and those who seek information for improved management
of natural resources. The solution is to cultivate shared understanding, which in turn relies on acknowledgment and sharing
of diverse values and attitudes. This constitutes a difficult challenge in a culturally diverse environment. Whereas cultural
diversity represents wealth in experiences, knowledge and perspectives it can constrain the potential to develop the shared
understandings necessary for effective integration of new information. This article illustrates how a lack of shared understanding
among participants engaged in a resource-management process can produce and perpetuate divergent views of the world, to the
extent that information and knowledge flows are ineffective and scientific information, even when requested, cannot be used
effectively. Four themes were distilled from interviews with management and scientific staff of a natural resource–management
agency in South Africa. The themes are used to illustrate how divergent views embedded in different cultures can discourage
alignment of effort toward a common purpose. The article then presents a sense-making framework to illustrate the potential
for developing shared understandings in a culturally diverse world. 相似文献
40.
微生物絮凝剂产生菌的培养条件 总被引:15,自引:2,他引:15
讨论了微生物絮凝剂产生培养条件,研究表明该菌最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为尿素,最适培养温度为30℃,最适pH值为8左右,试验还发现过量的通气量不利于絮凝剂的合成。 相似文献