Differentiation in human chorionic villus cultures: hCG and hla expression

The present report describes methods to separate, culture, and study syncytio-cytotrophoblast and mesenchymal core of the first-trimester human chorionic villus. The cultured outer layer cells (syncytio-cytotrophoblast) are multinucleated, pleomorphic, and active in the formation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The mesenchymal core cells are more fibroblast-like in appearance, do not show multinucleation, and have less hCG in their culture media. Both cultured cell types express HLA (ABC) Class I histocompatibility antigens but not HLA (DR) Class II antigens. These and previous studies from this laboratory postulate different embryonic origins: (1) Syncytio-cytotrophoblast cultures of chorionic villus derive from differentiated trophoblast and preserve multinucleation as well as hCG hormone function. (2) Cells cultured from the chorionic villus core originate from extraembryonic mesenchyme. (3) Amniocytes (AF cells) cultured from amniotic fluid resemble the multipotential and early-stage trophoblast, retaining pleomorphism, multinucleation, and lacunae formation as well as production of hCG, progesterone, oestrogen, basement membrane glycoprotein, and Type IV collagen. These cell types cultured from the chorionic villus and amniotic fluid provide a means for in vitro study of specific embryonic cell lineages.     

生态文明视阈下公民环境教育的文化价值思考

生态文明建设要有坚实的公民环境教育作支撑。公民环境教育的文化价值是环境教育价值的内在表现形式之一。作为生态文明建设的重要组成部分,环境教育与生态文明建设有着不可断裂的天然的关系。生态文明建设需要环境教育的文化价值体现。环境教育的文化价值能够促进生态文化的生成与人文资源的开发,能够发挥环境教育的文化选择与批判功能,促进价值观念转型,能够发挥环境教育的文化传播功能,促进人文理性精神的活化。     

生态文化--生态城市建设的软件

阐述了生态文化的内涵以及其在生态城市建设中的软件作用。城市的生态文化建设应该从物态、行为、体制、心智四个层面进行,并且互相促进,形成一个循环的整体;城市生态文化建设的核心是利用教育和宣传积极培育生态意识,同时加强生态体制这一保障体系的建设。     

陕西潼关南寨子遗址人口的平均预期寿命与死亡模式

作为社会存在和发展的基础和主体,人口因素在人类文明发展中起着重要作用.我们通过编制生命表,对陕西潼关南寨子遗址4个墓葬出土的人骨进行古人口学分析,计算出关中平原东部地区仰韶文化中期人口的平均预期寿命为27.8岁,高出我国西北、东北地区和太湖流域新石器时期的人口平均预期寿命约8岁.而与山东沿海地区大汶口文化时期的王因遗址...     

A differentiated approach for sustainable consumption and production policies

The importance of sustainable consumption and production in the international agenda has been growing, both because of unsustainable patterns of consumption and production in industrialized countries and because it appears to be a means for meeting the essential needs of developing countries. Adapting Fernand Braudel's model of the three layers of the economy (everyday life, market economy and global capitalism) to the current situation, this paper advocates for differentiated policies, which cannot be limited to those based on the dominant model of a rational legal system dealing with rational consumers. The cultural and collective dimensions of consumption, the social role of conspicuous consumption, the consumption of ecological services outside formal markets, the diversity of approaches to knowledge and rationality, all plead for an overarching approach and diversified policy tools. The paper underlines the need for global regulation processes which involve all stakeholders by focusing on two examples: the international task force on sustainable tourism, and the ISO 26000 standard on social responsibility.     

Cultural shift towards sustainability in the construction industry of Hong Kong

Sustainable development is forward-looking; it is a continuous mission for future developments of human society. A genuinely sustainable society is one that initiates developments in sustainable ways. The development of a genuinely sustainable society is supported by its citizens who think and act according to a recognized code of conduct - the sustainable culture. Similar to other forms of culture, sustainable culture of a society is not static, but changes over time. The changes found in a sustainable culture are reflections of the status of sustainability in a society and these changes should be measured from time to time. The resulting measurement gives very important information for decision-makers, in the government and in the private sector, to examine the magnitude of changes that have taken place in a given period of time. The results will also enable them to review and adjust policies in order to better accommodate changes according to the trends of society.This paper provides a method – the T-model, to investigate and measure the extent of change of sustainable culture through two extensive surveys among participants of the construction industry of Hong Kong. The change in sustainable culture is reflected by the change in attitude and practice among construction participants, this can be found in their performance in project development, design and construction operations. The data of these changes are collected and converted to numerical scores. The T-model synthesized these scores and revealed the change of sustainable culture within the specific study time frame.