区域环境影响评价决策支持系统的研制与应用

从区域环境影响评价决策支持系统的目标、特点和系统分析着手,提出了区域环境评价决策支持系统的组织结构 ,从而使GIS分析、评价、影响预测和决策支持融为一体,能更好地解决区域环境影响评价中常遇到的半结构化与非结构化问题.     

金属载体钙钛矿型催化转化器在柴油车上的应用研究

采用催化技术对金属载体转化器进行再生的方法,通过对转化器结构尺寸的优化设计,用钙钛矿催化剂制成金属载体催化转化器,实验结果发现,能明显降低柴油机排气PM的起燃温度,约在220℃左右.催化转化器的背压能严格的控制在5kPa左右,低于其上限值20kPa,说明催化转化器耗能小,对柴油机的影响很小,催化转化器的使用时间长.     

复杂电磁环境下电子对抗装备野战化保障探讨

从当前电子对抗装备野战化保障的实际出发,首先简要、定性地分析了电子对抗装备当前所面临的电磁环境,提出了电子对抗部队实现装备保障野战化必须提升野战装备指挥、野战装备维修、野战器材供应及野战装备防护等"四个能力".在此基础上,进一步阐明了电子对抗装备野战化保障需把握的问题.     

Learning to predict channel stability using biogeomorphic features

Current human land use activities are altering many components of the river landscape, resulting in unstable channels. Instability may have serious negative consequences for water quality, aquatic and riparian habitat, and for river-related human infrastructure such as bridges and roads. Resource management agencies have developed rapid bioassessment surveys to help assess stability in a fast and cost-effective way. While this assessment can be done for a single site fairly rapidly, it is still time-consuming to apply over large watersheds and assessment activities must be prioritized. We constructed a system that employs commonly available map data as inputs to cost-sensitive variants of decision tree algorithms to predict the relative channel stability of different sites. In particular, we use bagged lazy option trees (LOTs) and bagged probability estimation trees (PETs) to identify all unstable channels while making the smallest number of errors of classifying stable channels as unstable, thereby minimizing cost and maximizing safety. We measured the performance of the classifiers using ROC curves and found that the PETs performed better than the LOTs in situations where the number of instances of the stable and unstable classes were relatively balanced, but the LOTs did better where unstable examples were relatively rare compared to stable, perhaps due to the LOTs’ ability to focus on individual examples.     

环境智能决策支持系统

分别对决策支持系统和专家系统技术在环境科学领域中的应用进行了概述，分析了决策支持系统和专家系统的主要不同点，描述了决策支持系统集成专家系统而形成的智能决策支持系统方式，同时以大气污染总量控制规划智能决策支持系统为实例，分析了开发环境智能决策支持系统的必要性。以及环境智能决策支持系统的设计方法。     

COMPUTER ASSISTED NEGOTIATION OF MULTIOBJECTIVE WATER RESOURCES CONFLICTS1

ABSTRACT: Since the early 1970s, a large volume of literature has accumulated related to multiobjective water resources management problems. A relatively small portion of this specifically addresses the negotiation process required when there are multiple decision makers with conflicting objectives. This paper focuses on that process and describes a computer program designed to assist such negotiation processes. This interactive computer assisted negotiation support system is called ICANS. ICANS is designed for dynamic, multi-issue, multi-party negotiation problems. Based on information provided in confidence by each party via an interactive graphical interface, the program can help determine if there exist any possible alternatives that are equivalent or even preferred to each party's decision in the absence of a negotiated agreement. If such alternatives exist, through a series of iterations in which each party's input data, assumptions, and preferences may change, ICANS can assist the parties in their search for a mutually acceptable and preferred agreement. A simple example illustrates the data requirements and the use of ICANS in negotiation experiments.     

MAXIMIZING THE VALUE OF INFORMATION FOR GROUND WATER PROTECTION: THREE TEST CASES1

ABSTRACT: Public awareness of the importance of protecting the nation's water supplies is growing. Recent studies have shown a substantial increase in the perceived value of protecting water supplies for future use. In the Northeast, much of the water supply comes from ground water. This paper examines three test cases, each with different approaches for using geographic information systems (GIS) for ground water protection planning. In Wellfleet, Massachusetts, build-out scenarios were used to support regulatory and land acquisition decisions for siting a public water supply well. In Hadley, Massachusetts, the focus was on a decision support model for septic suitability assessment in support of regulatory efforts and infrastructure expansion. For Cortland County, New York, an interactive graphic user interface was created to facilitate the manipulation and recombination of a large volume of data by county officials to target ground water pollution prevention efforts. As personal computers become more powerful and inexpensive, and GIS data become more readily available, community and county governments are turning to GIS as a tool for developing comprehensive resource protection plans. Once appropriate data are input, a GIS can effectively and efficiently be used to derive outcomes of various land use plans and regulations.     

Linking Multiple Accounts with GIS as Decision Support System to Resolve Forestry/Wildlife Conflicts

With shrinking forest resources and increasing demands for timber, conflicts between forestry and wildlife become more contentious and more frequent. New decision support methods are needed to address complex multiple land use conflicts. Multiple accounts methods linked with GIS and production models enable us to address trade-offs between timber and non-timber values, thus facilitating the evaluation and comparison of different management scenarios in a rapid and spatially referenced manner. The approach is documented in a case study in the trans-boundary zone between two national parks in British Columbia, where caribou/logging conflicts are widespread.     

农业自然灾害威胁性的灰色局势决策

本文以农业自然灾害及与之相关的机率、强度、对产值损害度、社会抗灾能力效果等因素，构造成灾害威胁局势，并引用灰色系统理论的最优局势概念和决策方法，对灾害威胁性的灰色局势作出排序决策。