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排序方式: 共有1814条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
Kristina?D.?RothleyEmail author Charlene?Rae 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,10(2):107-113
In this paper we apply graph theory in a reserve selection exercise to explore the tradeoffs between maintaining connectivity and minimizing the total area of a protected area network. Rather than focus on a single organism, we used a multi-species approach and looked at the tradeoff curves for organisms with varying dispersal abilities. We first generated the tradeoff curves using a graph-based metric to determine the importance of individual patches for maintaining connectivity. We then performed an analogous set of analyses using patch size as a surrogate measure of importance. 相似文献
12.
运用灰色系统理论,结合实例详细介绍了GM(1,1)模型在大气环境浓度预测中的应用。 相似文献
13.
Combating desertification in natural rangelands has recently become a priority in large parts of southern Africa. Rangeland
managers, farmers, scientists, conservationists and land users have been applying a variety of restoration technologies to
address this problem. Bush encroachment, as part of the desertification process, involves the natural replacement of the herbaceous
plant cover by undesirable problem woody species. The active and passive restoration technologies that are applied, are mainly
based on indigenous knowledge and include the chemical, mechanical or manual reclamation of unproductive rangelands, as well
as the combating of woody and alien species encroachment. Indigenous practices and knowledge play a major role in the effectiveness
and success rate of these technologies. This project faces the challenge of bringing together both local and scientific knowledge
in a single user-friendly, computerised Decision Support System (DSS) which is directly accessible by land users to support
them in the process of decision making, concerning the combating of desertification. Case studies from central and northern
Namibia were used to combine qualitative and quantitative data to develop this Decision Support System. The DSS currently
consists of two databases and an expert system, which evaluates the results of land users’ management practices, and provides
easily accessible information and advice for participants in the system, based on the incorporated data. The DSS is also linked
to national and international web sites and databases to offer a wider range of information on technologies concerning agricultural
and conservation practices. 相似文献
14.
根据环境投资项目方案优选所具有的灰色特性.将灰色系统决策法用于此优选过程.经实例分析表明,灰色系统决策原理简单、计算方便、赋权合理、精确度高、决策结果符合客观实际. 相似文献
15.
江苏省盐城市环境空气质量综合评价及整治对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着经济发展的加速,盐城已逐步融入长三角经济体系中,城市现代化建设正在大踏步向前迈进,城市生态环境问题也日益受到关注,生态环境问题已成为社会关注的焦点,是衡量盐城社会经济发展的重要指标,实现环境、经济、社会的和谐发展已逐步成为人们的共识.文章针对盐城环境空气质量问题,运用SO2、NO2和PM10等指标表示空气环境质量,采用模糊综合评价方法对盐城空气环境质量等级进行了划分,并采用API指数评价方法对污染程度作出了评价,分析了盐城环境空气质量面临的挑战,提出了盐城市区污染的防控措施. 相似文献
16.
17.
Counselling in connection with prenatal diagnosis (PND) is a common task for the obstetrician and the midwife. However, the decision making processes of pregnant women are not completely known, for instance, the questions of women's autonomy, the decision on how to act in the case of an abnormal test, and the partner's participation in the decision. A questionnaire and interview study was carried out among 211 women undergoing PND by amniocentesis or chorionic villus biopsy. Most women in the sample indicated that PND was completely voluntary. However, at the same time almost every woman reported that it was difficult to decline from PND when offered. Even before the visit to register at the antenatal clinic, most of the women (83 per cent) had made up their minds to have PND. At the time of the test, many of the participants (62 per cent) had decided in favour of a legal abortion if the test indicated an abnormality in the fetus. At the same time, however, the data indicate a need for reflection and ambivalence, which the medical staff have to accept. In the questionnaire most of the women stated that they and their partners had similar attitudes towards PND, but when interviewed 38 per cent of the women admitted some differences between their own attitudes and their partners'. Although some women reported considerable deliberation and ambivalence, most of them said that they would undergo PND in another pregnancy. 相似文献
18.
Debra Straussfogel 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(4):911-931
This paper addresses the combined effects of two sources of disturbance on the boreal forest – climate change and the economic
relations of industrial forestry. It describes a theoretical blueprint constructed of concepts from the theory of dissipative
structures (derived from the discipline of physical chemistry) and world-systems theory (derived from the discipline of sociology)
into a proposed integrated theory pivoting on the concept of social vulnerability. The goal is to examine the key concepts
of this theory – vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity – as elements of the complex systems perspective provided
by dissipative structure principles. The focus on social vulnerability provides the means to establish the role of external
economic linkages relevant to industrial forestry – the core/periphery relations of the world-system – as they influence the
social vulnerability of the boreal forest SESs. These systems are posited as embedded peripheries, following world-system
criteria, and as the focal scale of analysis within a larger hierarchically organized dissipative structure. The goal is to
suggest and stimulate ideas for further discussion and exploration, motivated by the premise that any successful climate change
mitigation efforts depend on having sound theoretical foundations on which to stand. 相似文献
19.
空气过滤技术研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章分别从空气过滤材料、空气过滤器、空气过滤理论及空气过滤技术的应用等四个方面,对空气过滤技术进行了详细阐述.总结了空气过滤材料、空气过滤器的分类及研究进展、空气过滤器的过滤机理及过滤理论的发展.介绍了空气过滤技术的主要应用,并指出了空气过滤技术的发展动向和市场趋势. 相似文献
20.
非线性灰色模型在污染物总量预测中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在前人工作的基础之上介绍了几种修正的GM(1,1)非线性模型,并以衡阳市1990~1996年城区污染物总量(COD)的预测为例,探讨了各种模型的应用效果。结果表明:非线性模型的拟合精度更高,具有更加广阔的发展前景。 相似文献