川东地区气田水处理技术及工程应用

针对川东地区气田水的性质和目前气田水处理工艺存在的问题,通过对不同水样进行室内蒸发及生物氧化实验,开发了蒸发-生物-臭氧以及氧化-生物-臭氧联合工艺技术。实验结果表明:经蒸发-生物-臭氧复合工艺以及氧化-生物-臭氧复合工艺处理后,川东地区气田水中主要指标CODCr、Cl-、硫化物以及石油类的去除率超过95%,出水指标达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放要求;这两种处理工艺整体适应能力强,抗来水冲击负荷高,能高效处理气田水中污染物且出水稳定,有效实现了气田水的达标处置,实现资源化配置,符合国家环保政策,可实现较好的经济、社会和环境效益,对当前川东地区气田水处理有一定的参考价值。     

Distribution of Alkalinity, Ph, Salinity and Carbon Dioxide Components in the Coastal Waters of Alexandria

The ara studied is located between El-Dikheila Harbour in Elmex Bay and Mandara, at longitude 29° 47' and 30° East and latitude 31° 17' North. the aim of the work is to look at carbon dioxide components in this areA and the effect of waste water discharged on their concentrations. Surface and bottom water samples were collected from 12 stations during January, April, August and November, 1995. Total alkalinity, salinity, temperature and pH were measured. Carbonate alkalinity, total alkalinity, partial pressure and dissolved carbon dioxide, carbonate and bicarbonate ions were calculated, since the studied area includes two differetn sources of pollution. It wAs found conventient to refer El-Mex Bay as region “A” which contains stations from I to VI and the area located between Kayet Bey outfall and Mandara which contains stations from VII to XII as region “B”. When specific alkalinity is used As A tracer for El-Umum drain water it is observed that the drain water could reach Sidi Bishr area especially in August and November, while in January and April drain water did not reach this area.     

Climate and the eastern repository: A comparative study

We present a comparison of the climate in prospective states or sites under consideration for the eastern repository for high-level nuclear waste in the United States.We found that atmospheric conditions over several south-eastern sites rank lower than the other prospective areas in effective dispersal, as perFederal Register 10CFR 960.5-2-3 (1984). Also, damage rates in North Carolina and Virginia, and death rates in Virginia, from tropical storms and hurricanes exceed those of the other candidate states. These storms, as well as other mechanisms, subject piedmont Virginia and North Carolina to a high frequency of flash flooding. Death rates from all weather-related causes (including winter storms, tornadoes, and weather-related vehicle accidents) are also highest in Virginia and North Carolina. This finding is rather surprising in light of tornado and blizzard frequencies in northern candidate states.Based upon a 20-year study of damage and mortality figures from the US Department of Commerce publicationStorm Data for all weather-related causes, Virginia and North Carolina rank highest. If this is taken as a measure of relative compliance withFederal Register potentially adverse condition 960.5-2-3[c][2] pertaining to the history of severe weather phenomena in relation to repository siting, then these states are the least favorable from a climatic viewpoint.     

Local economic situation,local environmental mobilization and local government environmental policy in Hungary

Studies of advanced capitalist societies have shown that relatively wealthy localities with organized environmental groups are able to avoid unattractive facilities. The aim of this article is to ask whether the same logic applies in Hungary, a middle-income ‘transition’ society. The focus is not on the formal legal powers of local governments but on some of the influences on local government environmental policy. Drawing on a survey of mayors, notaries and environmental officials in 600 local government units in Hungary (from Budapest to villages), it explores the relation between environmental group mobilization, environmental group influence and environmental policy. It is shown that there are systematic differences in environmental group mobilization between settlements of different types, and that these differences, together with differences in local economic situation, explain the differing levels of perceived influence of environmental groups on policy. The localities where perceived environmental group influence is greatest are identified and shown to be places where there are higher education institutions and a tradition of ‘civic culture’, or where the local government is using the environment as an asset as part of an economic development strategy. It is concluded that similar processes to those found in advanced capitalist societies exist in Hungary. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

调水后东平湖浮游植物群落结构及水质生物评价

东平湖是南水北调东线工程的重要调蓄湖泊,在防洪、灌溉、休闲旅游、水产养殖及水资源供应等方面发挥着至关重要的作用.为了解南水北调东线调水后的东平湖浮游植物群落结构及水体健康状态,于2016年4月(春季)、7月(夏季)、10月(秋季)及2017年1月(冬季)对东平湖不同空间区域(根据调水路线划分为进水区、湖中区和出水区)的...     

崇明东滩表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征及其污染评价

以崇明东滩潮间带表层沉积物为研究对象,在粒度分析、重金属以及有机碳含量测定的基础上,采用ArcGIS中的地统计分析模块研究了重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd的空间分布格局,应用克里金法进行空间插值作图,估算了沉降通量,并运用地质累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对重金属污染现状进行了评价.结果表明:①目前崇明东滩重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd含量平均值分别为42、27、69、71、0.23μg.g-1,均超过上海潮滩背景值,且受沉积物粒径分布和有机碳的影响,重金属含量呈现自岸向海和自北向南下降的趋势;②崇明东滩重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd的年沉降量分别为187、121、395、312、1.04 t,总沉积通量为11 g.(m2.a)-1,反映崇明东滩仍具有较强的重金属污染物\"过滤器\"功能;③重金属污染状况总体为清洁,但Cd、Pb和Cu的污染程度相对较高.     

宁波盆地白垩系古地磁特征兼论馆头组朝川组和方岩组的层位归属

浙东宁波盆地白垩纪陆相火山岩系,经古地磁研究表明,以往认为时代属于早白垩世早期的馆头组,晚期朝川组和晚白垩世早期的方岩组均呈正向磁化,平均磁化方向基本一致。据绝对年龄和古生物旁证,磁化时间属白垩纪中期正向极性超时。因此,馆头组的层位应作相应的提高,从白垩系下部上升到白垩系中部;朝川组随之位于其上。方岩组纳入白垩系中部,在馆头组之下还应有一套以正负极性交迭为特征的白垩纪早期沉积物。从而对以往所谓的上侏罗统磨石山群的时代提出疑问。从古地磁方向特征的规律,支持了白垩系三分说。