沈阳市城市降雨综合利用途径探讨

降雨是城市的宝贵水资源,开发利用雨水资源已成为当前的重要研究课题.在调查目前沈阳市水资源和降水资源的特点和状况的基础上,分析了沈阳市降水水质.同时借鉴了国内其它城市和世界上其它国家在降雨利用方面的先进技术和经验,提出了针对沈阳市降雨特点的雨水综合利用的途径和措施,为缓解沈阳市水资源短缺问题具有一定的指导作用.     

电子垃圾的循环利用

电子垃圾成为当今面临的亟待解决的难题,用科学的发展观对国内外垃圾回收循环利用实例,特别是我国在电子垃圾处理方面的举措进行了认真分析和阐述,提出以循环经济、资源的利用回收解决环境问题的具体措施和建议。     

氧化塘合理的设计与操作

氧化塘不但可以低费用的降解废水，而且可以提供有用的生物量，其关键是进行合理的设计、操作和去除污泥．本文综合国外的文献资料，提出合理的设计和操作方案，并且引用国外试验者开发的预测模型；同时提出操作过程加入适当的ＣａＣｌ２化学添加剂可以促进藻类生物量的絮凝，以保证出水的质量和提供可利用的生物量．     

Graphical strategies for design of evaporation crystallization networks for environmental wastewater applications

This paper introduces graphical strategies for the design of an evaporation/crystallization network for ternary wastewater environmental applications. Sources, sinks and other streams are located on a ternary composition diagram. While a source is any wastewater stream that has the potential to be recycled, a sink is any unit in the process that can accept sources. The proposed methodology is extremely simple to understand and implement, as it only requires basic solid-liquid phase equilibria data and uses lever arm principles to generate alternative process designs. Geometric constructions are carried out on the ternary composition diagram and the respective lever arms are used to determine intermediate flow rates in the evaporation/crystallization network. The relative locations and flow rates of the sources and sinks under consideration, as well as the unique shape of the solid-liquid equilibrium, drive the design of the separation (via evaporation/crystallization) network. Some generic structures are proposed for a typical evaporation and crystallization network. Once the general problem statement has been defined, special cases consisting of a single source-single sink, single source-two sinks and two sources-single sink are described. These special cases are representative of commonly occurring industrial wastewater design problems. Several graphical insights are listed that allow one to represent evaporation and crystallization operations on a ternary triangular composition diagram and avoid mathematical complexity. The possibility of bypassing a part of the initial feed streams is also considered. Certain feasible composition regions are identified on the ternary composition diagram for cases dealing with multiple sources and sinks. The methodology is useful in pre-screening and eliminating certain sources/sinks and is readily applicable to cases with lower number of sources and sinks. A case study involving the ammonium nitrate manufacturing process is included to demonstrate the broad applicability and value of the proposed approach.     

电子废弃物的特点

电子废弃物资源化研究是一项新型而紧迫的课题，它具有数量多、危害大、潜在价值高、回收利用困难的特点，必须对电子废弃物予以高度关注。     

中国南方主要防火树种的防火特性及开发利用研究

本文采用多目标决策法对我国南方的主要防火树种进行初步筛选。在此基础上,以易燃的杉木（Ｃｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｉａｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔａ）、马尾松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｍａｓｓｏｎｉａｎａ）为对照,对其代表性树种---木荷（Ｓｃｈｉｍａｓｕｐｅｒｂａ）、火力楠（Ｍｉｃｈｅｌｉａｍａｃｃｌｕｒｅｉ）、细柄阿丁枫（Ａｌｔｉｎｇｉａｇｒａｃｉｌｉｐｅｓ）等的防火特性进行比较研究。结果表明,防火树种具有着火温度高、水分含量高,且析出速率快、活化能高、挥发分发热量低等特点。主成分分析表明,树叶的着火温度、含水率、水分析出速率、活化能及挥发分发热量等可作为判断树种防火性能优劣的主要指标,而苯-乙醇抽取物和粗灰分含量等可作为辅助性判断指标。文章最后提出了主要防火树种的开发利用途径和对策。     

广东罗浮山生物资源和旅游资源永续利用的探讨

罗浮山是广东四大名山之一,是驰名中外风景秀丽的旅游胜地,也是广东省南亚热带常绿阔叶林及珍稀动植物的综合性自然保护区,有维管植物201科676属1168种,分别占广东维管植物的718%、411%、166%。罗浮山生物资源很丰富,有药用植物和油脂植物等,也有不少国家保护植物和保护动物,而且自秦汉以来就是我国著名的风景区。论文对罗浮山生物资源和旅游资源的永续利用提出了5点建议。     

Technology of comprehensive disposal and utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW)

１　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＭｕｎｉｃｉｐａｌｓｏｌｉｄｗａｓｔｅｓ（ＭＳＷｓ）ｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ,ｏｃｃｕｐｙｌｏｔｓｏｆｌａｎｄａｎｄｃｏｓｔｍｕｃｈｍｏｎｅｙｆｏｒｄｉｓｐｏｓａｌ．Ｔｏｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｔｈｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ,ｉｔｉｓｕｒｇｅｎｔｔｏｓｅａｒｃｈｆｏｒａｇｏｏｄｗａｙｏｆＭＳＷｄｉｓｐｏｓａｌ．Ａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｍａｎｙｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｓｕｃｈａｓｌａｎｄｆｉｌｌ,ｉｎｃｉｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ,ｃｏｍｐｏｓｔ,ｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒ…     

用硫酸渣制备铁基颜料铁黄

以硫酸渣为原料，用黄铁矿粉作还原剂，采用湿式空气氧化法制备铁基颜料铁黄。试验得出的适宜工艺条件为：Fe^2 浓度0．25—0．40mol/L，氧化温度70℃，用氢氧化钠或氨水调节反应液的pH，氧化过程溶液的pH控制在3—4。依照该工艺制得的铁基颜料铁黄，其各项指标符合HG／T2249—91标准。