中国大陆足迹家族的环境库兹涅茨曲线分析

论文选取我国1987—2013年土地利用、温室气体排放和用水量数据,运用投入产出法计算足迹家族中的土地足迹、碳足迹和水足迹,采用纵横向拉开档次法进行足迹整合,将整合得到的足迹综合指数与足迹家族各项指标取对数后进行环境库兹涅茨曲线分析。计算结果表明：足迹综合指数从1987年的2.274 2增长到2013年的3.816 9,与人均GDP呈平缓型曲线协同增长关系,说明生态占用持续增加,呈现资源利用的不可持续性;土地足迹、碳足迹与水足迹的环境库兹涅茨曲线分别呈∽型、协同增长型以及平稳型,说明我国城镇化正在进入转型期,碳排放仍处于上升阶段,水资源可持续性不乐观,指标的选取影响环境库兹涅茨曲线形态。     

地质灾害危险性区划评价中隶属度函数构造方法的探讨

运用模糊综合评判方法进行地质灾害危险性区划评价的过程中,隶属函数的构造是一项复杂而重要的工作。在总结前人经验的基础上,对参与区划评价的定量因子的隶属度计算采用了一个简化的"二值模型"的方法构造隶属函数,计算隶属度,收到较好的效果。     

柳州市社会、经济、资源、环境协调发展评价

运用主成分分析法评价了2000～2006年柳州市社会、经济与资源、环境各子系统的综合发展水平,并通过隶属度函数测算社会、经济、资源、环境各系统间的协调发展状况,找出柳州市可持续发展过程中存在的问题。结果表明：近年来柳州市的社会、经济、资源、环境各系统的综合发展水平不断提高、4个系统间的协调发展状况良好,但柳州市的经济结构还不够合理,经济增长方式仍然较粗放,资源利用率和环境保护工作有待进一步提高。最后提出了相应对策。     

厦门市环境空气质量的模糊综合评价

根据模糊数学的基本原理,利用厦门市2004-2010年度环境空气质量监测数据,运用模糊矩阵复合运算方法,对厦门城区环境空气质量进行综合评价。评价结果符合厦门市实际情况,较好地揭示出厦门市环境空气污染程度连续、渐变、模糊的特点,给出了空气污染的程度,客观地反应出厦门市环境空气质量是多因素共同作用的结果。最后提出提高厦门市环境空气质量的合理建议。     

Fifty Shades of Green? Political differences between elites,members and supporters of Europe Ecologie Les Verts

In recent years, many political parties have created new forms of affiliation and have justified the blurring of membership boundaries with claims that sympathisers would be more representative of the electorate and less radical. Such claims are based on ‘popular wisdom’ inspired by John May’s ‘special law of curvilinearity’, which states that activists hold more extreme views than voters and elites. When this expectation has been tested, results have been at best inconclusive; but testing has so far never used a single survey to compare different groups. Using an online survey of Europe Ecologie Les Verts party members and their extended networks (affiliated supporters, lapsed members, sympathisers), relationships between ideological differences and degree of investment in party activities and decision-making are analysed. The results, contradicting May’s special law along all ideological dimensions other than intra-party democracy, can be explained if May’s narrowly instrumental assumptions about preference formation are rejected.     

Evaluation of effect of different membership functions on risk assessment

This study aims to define the relationship between risk degrees and risk indexes on different functional structures with the assumption that risk degrees may not always present a linear relationship with the risk indexes. In this way, risk indexes suitable for expert evaluation of working conditions and computed using three different membership functions are determined. Among the membership functions used, one is preferred as linear and the others are preferred as non-linear. Additionally, a new fuzzy risk assessment (RA) algorithm is developed using these three membership functions. With this new fuzzy RA algorithm, a more flexible and precise process becomes available, while information loss during the determination of the risk index of danger sources is prevented. As a result, non-linear increasing membership function is selected as most suitable for the expression of the relationship between risk degrees and risk indexes.     

Assessing the Impact of Pluriactivity on Sustainable Agriculture. A Case Study in Rural Areas of Beotia in Greece

Pluriactivity of farms, or part-time farming, is a common feature of agriculture in all countries regardless of their socioeconomic system and level of development. Currently, pluriactivity is related to the values of sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study is to delineate those specific characteristics of pluriactive farms that contribute to sustainable agriculture. In rural areas of Boetia in Greece, a socioeconomic survey was carried out on 114 farms to determine the types of farming applied. The results demonstrate that pluriactivity is a stable component of the agricultural structure in the rural areas of Boetia. It is widespread in plains, but its presence is more important in mountainous and semimountainous areas. The choice of young farmers is to opt for pluriactivity. Farm size does not differ between pluriactive and full-time farms. Pluriactive and full- time farms use the same level of input and get the same output for the same type of crop. However, pluriactive farmers under the same land-productive conditions are oriented toward a more extensive farming system, managing their land with crops that need less inputs. Considering these findings, it can be claimed that pluriactivity can contribute to diminishing the demand on natural resources in favored (level and irrigated) areas, to continue agricultural production in unfavorable (mountainous and semimountainous) areas, and to help the sustenance of the rural population.     

基于区分权的水质综合评价方法

论证"隶属度"作为相似性度量是水质评价的最佳选择,定义指标区分权重,规范隶属函数的拓扑空间结构、代数性质和标准化方法,建立基于区分权的水质评价模型。     

基于模糊综合评价法的水质指标分类

模糊综合评价结果与实际污染情况相吻合,能客观地反映多因子共同作用下的地面水环境质量状况,这为制定水环境宏观决策提供了必要的科学参考.     

关于旅游资源理论的再思考

综合旅游资源各种概念表明,多数概念建立在二分法的基础上,其结果失去了客观、全面的基础。在自然界中资源类型是多样化的,不同类型的资源之间具有连续性的特征,只是在属性上存在着程度上的差异,不能对它们进行简单分类;在自然界中还存在着很多类似旅游资源的资源类型,在学术研究和规划实践中应重视旅游资源隶属程度描述。在解析旅游资源特征及其分类要求的基础上,通过理论方法——基于模糊数学的旅游资源隶属程度分析方法,破解旅游资源认识误区,为正确分析、评价及合理开发旅游资源提供理论参考。