全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12090篇 |
免费 | 1243篇 |
国内免费 | 3450篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 2353篇 |
废物处理 | 357篇 |
环保管理 | 1566篇 |
综合类 | 7743篇 |
基础理论 | 1594篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 1390篇 |
评价与监测 | 637篇 |
社会与环境 | 674篇 |
灾害及防治 | 468篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 22篇 |
2023年 | 167篇 |
2022年 | 334篇 |
2021年 | 472篇 |
2020年 | 442篇 |
2019年 | 445篇 |
2018年 | 407篇 |
2017年 | 483篇 |
2016年 | 580篇 |
2015年 | 606篇 |
2014年 | 705篇 |
2013年 | 849篇 |
2012年 | 1119篇 |
2011年 | 1130篇 |
2010年 | 874篇 |
2009年 | 1009篇 |
2008年 | 664篇 |
2007年 | 893篇 |
2006年 | 901篇 |
2005年 | 716篇 |
2004年 | 597篇 |
2003年 | 568篇 |
2002年 | 501篇 |
2001年 | 360篇 |
2000年 | 366篇 |
1999年 | 309篇 |
1998年 | 216篇 |
1997年 | 202篇 |
1996年 | 161篇 |
1995年 | 177篇 |
1994年 | 134篇 |
1993年 | 96篇 |
1992年 | 91篇 |
1991年 | 51篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
On experimental setup in bioelectromagnetics 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bioeffects created by electromagnetic field (EMF) are the subject of intensive studies. This paper critically considers estimations
of exposure to EMF in bioelectromagnetic experiments. Results of calculations presented herein show the significant role of
the presence of conducting bodies (the exposure system) near an object under test on EMF energy absorption as well as mutual
interactions between simultaneously exposed objects. Our aims herein are twofold: firstly to find a way to refer measurement
results to free-space conditions in order to enable comparison of results obtained in different laboratories, and secondly
to show that EMF energy absorption in any exposed object is different and that this difference is a function of the size of
the exposure system, the number of exposed objects, and the particular properties (i.e., the electromagnetic structure) of
the objects. In the authors’ opinion the existence of interactions caused by the presence of the exposure system and other
exposed objects is a reason why remarkable differences are observed between experiments performed even under supposedly identical
conditions. The presented considerations and conclusion suggest wider participation of physicists and engineers in bioelectromagnetic
experiments in order to ensure the correctness of metrological aspects of these experiments. 相似文献
992.
François Munoz Franz Bogner Pierre Clement Graça S. Carvalho 《Journal of environmental psychology》2009
By using an original framework involving complementary statistical approaches, we investigated the environmental attitudes of 6379 pre-service and in-service teachers in 16 countries of Europe and its neighbourhood. To test hypotheses about the nature of environmental attitudes, we examined the variation across groups of individuals (between-class analysis), investigated the independent effects of several candidate explanatory factors (orthogonal analysis), and finally inspected potential relationships between conceptions on a variety of topics (co-inertia analysis). 相似文献
993.
Existing and projected water shortages and related factors have helped focus attention on the need for water reuse. With recent technological advances in wastewater treatment, it is now possible to produce reclaimed water of any quality. Thus, the use of reclaimed water will depend on the reuse opportunities and the cost of the required infrastructure. Historically, centralized wastewater treatment facilities have served the needs of organized societies since the mid 1800s. However, as there are limited options for expansion of most existing centralized facilities, the use of satellite and decentralized wastewater management systems offers significant advantages including being close both to the source of wastewater generation and to potential water reuse applications. The comparative advantages of satellite and decentralized wastewater management systems for a number of water reuse applications are presented and discussed in this paper. Selected case studies are presented to demonstrate the utility of satellite and decentralized wastewater management. Specific issues associated with the application of such systems in existing and in new developments are examined and discussed. 相似文献
994.
Chromium(VI)-containing sorbents in the form of sludge or solid residue from treatment processes are often landfilled or used as fill materials, therefore the long-term stability of metal binding is important. The reduction of Cr(VI)–Cr(III) through heat treatment may be a useful detoxification method. After heating at 500, 900, 1000, and 1100 °C for 4 h, the transformation of chemical states of chromium on 105 °C-dried, 7.9% Cr(VI)-doped TiO2 powders was studied on the basis of surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra. It was shown that Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) in the Cr(VI)-doped samples after heating within 500–900 °C. The present results also suggested that the chromium octahedral was bridged to the titanium tetrahedral and was incorporated in TiO2 minerals formed after 1000 °C treatment. 相似文献
995.
Site selection is an important and necessary issue for waste management in fast-growing regions. Because of the complexity of waste management systems, the selection of the appropriate solid waste landfill site requires consideration of multiple alternative solutions and evaluation criteria. Based on actual conditions of the study area, we considered economic factors, calculated criteria weights using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and built a hierarchy model for solving the solid waste landfill site-selection problem in Beijing, China. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to manipulate and present spatial data. All maps are graded from 1 (lowest suitability) to 5 (highest suitability) using spatial information technologies. The candidate sites were determined by aggregation based on the criteria weights. The candidate sites are divided by ‘best’, ‘good’ and ‘unsuitable’ landfill areas. Best landfill areas represent optimal sites; good landfill areas can be used as back-up candidate sites. Our work offers a siting methodology and provides essential support for decision-makers in the assessment of waste management problems in Beijing and other rapidly developing cities in developing countries. 相似文献
996.
Dongmei Han Xing Liang Menggui Jin Matthew J. Currell Ying Han Xianfang Song 《Environmental management》2009,44(2):243-255
Based on analysis of groundwater hydrochemical and isotopic indicators, this article aims to identify the groundwater flow
systems in the Yangwu River alluvial fan, in the Xinzhou Basin, China. Groundwater δ2H and δ18O values indicate that the origin of groundwater is mainly from precipitation, with local evaporative influence. d-excess values lower than 10% in most groundwaters suggest a cold climate during recharge in the area. Major ion chemistry,
including rCa/rMg and rNa/rCl ratios, show that groundwater salinization is probably dominated by water–rock interaction (e.g.,
silicate mineral weathering, dissolution of calcite and dolomite and cation exchange) in the Yangwu River alluvial fan, and
locally by intensive evapotranspiration in the Hutuo River valley. Cl and Sr concentrations follow an increasing trend in
shallow groundwater affected by evaporation, and a decreasing trend in deep groundwater. 87Sr/86Sr ratios reflect the variety of lithologies encountered during throughflow. The groundwater flow systems (GFS) of the Yangwu
River alluvial fan include local and intermediate flow systems. Hydrogeochemical modeling results, simulated using PHREEQC,
reveal water–rock interaction processes along different flow paths. This modeling method is more effective for characterizing
flow paths in the intermediate system than in the local system. Artificial exploitation on groundwater in the alluvial fan
enhances mixing between different groundwater flow systems. 相似文献
997.
998.
负载型TiO2薄膜光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了玻璃负载的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,研究了该催化剂对亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解,考察了反应时间、水样的初始浓度、溶液的pH等对光催化降解效果的影响。 相似文献
999.
固定化真菌漆酶对分散兰-2BLN的脱色和降解 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用改良壳聚糖固定化的真菌漆酶对染料分散兰-2BLN进行脱色和降解条件的研究,探索了固定化漆酶活力、处理时间、染料浓度、温度和pH对其降解效果的影响。结果表明,固定化漆酶脱色降解分散兰-2BLN的适宜条件为:固定化漆酶活力18.2U/mL,染料浓度100mg/L,温度40℃,pH4.6,在上述条件下降解1.5h,分散兰-2BLN脱色率能达到87.68%。重复分批使用固定化漆酶处理2BLN兰,在使用6批次后,脱色率仍能保持在55%以上,其催化效率得到了较大提高。 相似文献
1000.
HPA/ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化剂的制备及对马拉硫磷的可见光降解 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以纳米TiO2载体,利用浸渍法制备了HPA/ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化剂。对制备的催化剂进行了XRD、BET、TEM和UV-vis DRS表征。结果表明,催化剂样品均为锐钛矿相且ZnFe2O4很好地分散在载体表面,HPA/ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化荆的平均粒径为10nm且在380-670nm均有强的光响应;反应最佳的HPA浓度为O.08molfL,最佳的ZnFe2O4负载量为1%。考察了HPA溶液初始浓度、ZnFe2O4负载量、溶液初始pH值、H2O2用量、催化剂用量对催化剂活性的影响。在溶液初始pH=13,H2O2=6mmol/L,催化剂用量为2g/L的最优条件下,光照反应进行100min后,马拉硫磷的降解率可达87%;重复4次后马拉硫磷的降解率仍可以达到67%。 相似文献