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171.
Fenton试剂催化氧化降解含硝基苯废水的特性 总被引:59,自引:5,他引:54
探讨不同氧化剂和催化剂浓度下Fenton试剂氧化降解硝基苯的作用规律,用一元线性回归方程对不同氧化降解时间后硝基苯的相对残余浓度对反应时间的相关性进行了定量分析,结果发现硝基苯的Fenton试剂氧化降解符合一级反应动力学模式,通过回归求出了各反应条件下的一级速率常数.实验中还发现以Fenton反应过程中产生的铁离子的复合物代替Fe2+作为催化剂时Fenton反应不仅取得了较高的催化反应速率和降解效率,而且对硝基苯具有明显的专属性,硝基苯的降解速率可由原来的17.48mg/(L·min)提高到71.22mg/(L@min),反应5min的硝基苯去除率由9.74%提高到91.79%.用人造沸石为载体吸附该物质制成的非均相催化剂同样具有良好的催化性能.另外,在体系中引入紫外光可以促进废水中CODCr的进一步降解,提高有机物降解速率. 相似文献
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173.
本文对对酞内酰胺基苯甲酰氯的合成方法进行了研究,改进了溶剂的预处理方法,有效地消除了其中的有害杂质。 相似文献
174.
纳氏试剂光度法是测定水体中氨氮的最标准和经典的方法。本文就其测定过程中的诸多影响因素作了详尽的论述,并进一步提出消除干扰的方法。 相似文献
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The microwave radiation oxidation process, Fenton as catalytic agent, was used to remove the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater. The effects of microwave power, radiation time, pH and the feeding in ways of catalyst on the degradation rate of synthetic wastewater were investigated using the microwave radiation oxidation process by orthogonal experiment. The results show Fenton catalyst ratio was 1:20, the microwave radiation power was 900 W, the microwave radiation time was 7 min and the value of pH was 3. Under the optimum conditions, the removal of KSCN can reach over 90%. The apparent kinetics of removal was studied, which conformed to kinetics first-class reaction. In short, for the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater, microwave-Fenton oxidation method is feasible and effective. 相似文献
177.
A new treatment method is developed to degrade 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) and its oxidation intermediates. The experimental results of this research demonstrate that 4-cp and its oxidation intermediates can be decomposed completely by basic oxygen furnace slag (BOF slag) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an acid solution. The factors that effect the treatment efficiency were studied including initial concentration of 4-cp, pH of the solution, concentration of H2O2 and amount of BOF slag. The BOF slags are final waste materials in the steel making process. The major components of BOF slag are CaO, SiO2, Fe2O3, FeO, MgO and MnO. As the BOF slag in an acid solution, FeO and Fe2O3 can be dissociated to produce ferrous ion and ferric ion. Ferrous ion reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form “Fenton's reagent” which can produce hydroxyl radicals (OH.). Hydroxyl radical possession of high oxidation ability can oxidize organic chemicals effectively. Results show that 100 mg/l of 4-cp is decomposed completely within 30 min by 438.7 g/l BOF slag with 8.2 mM hydrogen peroxide in pH=2.8±0.2 solution. The COD value of the solution is reduced from 290 to 90 mg/l. The factors studied which affect the 4-cp decomposition efficiency were the hydrogen peroxide concentration, BOF slag concentration, pH of the solution and initial concentration of 4-cp. Because large amounts of Fe2O3 and FeO are present in the BOF slag, the BOF slag not only has a high treatment efficiency, but also can be used repeatedly. 相似文献
178.
铁炭耦合Fenton试剂-混凝沉淀法预处理DMAC废水 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)危害大,是化纤废水中的主要污染物之一. 采用铁炭微电解-Fenton试剂-混凝沉淀工艺预处理DMAC废水. 结果表明:在海绵铁投加量为30 g/L,铁炭体积比为1,pH为2,微电解反应1 h,H2O2投加量为5 mL/L,pH为3,Fenton试剂反应2.0 h,混凝沉淀pH为9.0,沉淀40 min的最佳工艺条件下,CODCr的去除率可稳定在70%以上;紫外可见分光光计测定证明,经微电解反应后DMAC的助色基团—CH3和CO被破坏,经过Fenton 氧化后,—NH—基团才能被破坏,废水中的大分子物质被破坏,最终转变成小分子物质,为后续处理奠定了基础. 相似文献
179.
Joanna Karpińska Aneta Sokół Monika Kobeszko Barbara Starczewska Urszula Czyżewska Marta Hryniewicka 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(8):1409-1422
The kinetics of famotidine (FAM) transformation under the influence of various factors, important from the environmental point of view, was investigated in aqueous solutions. The degradation processes using UV, H2O2, UV/H2O2, H2O2/Fe2+, and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ were studied. Direct photolysis and H2O2-assisted photolysis showed a pseudo-first-order kinetics, while the Fenton and the photo-Fenton processes fit second-order kinetics. The provided experiments proved a high resistance of FAM to direct photolysis. Its stability depends highly on the pH of the reaction solutions. The rate of FAM direct photolysis in acidic solutions was almost negligible. The reaction rate of FAM photolysis at pH 8–9 was 3.7 × 10?3 min?1 with DT50 about 3 h 7 min. It was found that the presence of H2O2 in the reaction environment enhances the rate of photolysis of FAM. The observed rates of reaction were 5.1 × 10?3 min?1 and 3.7 × 10?3 min?1 in acidic and basic solutions, respectively. The used Fenton systems appeared to be the most efficient in FAM removal. The rate of reaction depends on concentration of Fe2+ and H2O2. It was observed that the presence of UV-light enhances the reaction rate by two to six times in comparison to the classical Fenton system. Additionally, FAM behavior in natural water under solar irradiation was examined. The irradiation experiments were carried out in batch experiments with simulated sunlight. 相似文献
180.
S. P. Tsonis 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(1-2):141-147
A modified steam distillation method for the accurate determination of low levels of volatile acids found primarily in low rate anaerobic digestors has been developed. The interference of bicarbonate alkalinity is minimal with complete removal of carbon dioxide from the sample prior to distillation. This removal can be achieved by boiling the acidified sample for 30 min in an erlenmeyer flask with ground‐glass neck attached to a reflux condenser. 相似文献