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43.
干旱对电力生产的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以1994年~1995年干旱对陕西省电力生产的影响为例,论述了干旱对电力生产的影响,在此基础上提出了相应的减灾对策. 相似文献
44.
大空间室内火灾早期自动探测与定位研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文在深入研究早期火灾一般燃烧火焰在彩色影像上所呈现的光谱及运动特性基础上,首次提出利用彩色影像实时探测室内火灾的新方法,通过物方坐标与像方坐标的直接线性变换,实现了早期火灾的自动探测与空间定位,实验证明了该方法的有效性与稳健性,且具有巨大的应用前景。 相似文献
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47.
虚拟现实技术在安全工程中的应用 总被引:23,自引:2,他引:21
论述了虚拟现实技术(VirtualReality)的基本原理、应用范围。结合大空间公用建筑火灾虚拟现实系统,提出了安全工程中应用虚拟现实技术的基本结构及程序设计关键技术,给出了大空间公用建筑火灾虚拟现实系统编制实例 相似文献
48.
CFRP用于火灾后钢筋混凝土梁抗弯加固的试验研究及有限元分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
笔者结合对结构火灾损伤的分析 ,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对火灾后CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁荷载与应变、挠度的关系进行了数值分析 ,并与试验结果进行了比较 ,吻合良好。加固后的混凝土梁在钢筋屈服后 ,仍然有一定的荷载容量。这种荷载承受能力可一直持续到结构破坏 ,这主要是碳纤维布在后期发挥的作用 ,用碳纤维布加固受火后的混凝土梁 ,能明显地提高梁的极限承载力 ,在钢筋屈服后对梁的刚度有较大幅度的提高。在挠度的计算中 ,在钢筋屈服后 ,有限元模型由于混凝土的裂缝快速发展 ,刚度下降很大 ,所以挠度在相同荷载下 ,稍大于试验值。这与笔者提出的扰度简化计算公式的计算结果与试验数据十分吻合。用ANSYS对CFRP加固梁进行分析能够达到比较精确的理论分析结果。 相似文献
49.
We examined the impact of single-tree selective logging and fuel reduction burns on the abundance of hollow-nesting bird species
at a regional scale in southeastern Queensland, Australia. Data were collected on species abundance and habitat structure
of dry sclerophyll production forest at 36 sites with known logging and fire histories. Sixteen bird species were recorded
with most being resident, territorial, obligate hollow nesters that used hollows that were either small (<10 cm diameter)
or very large (>18 cm diameter). Species densities were typically low, but combinations of two forest management and three
habitat structural variables influenced the abundances of eight bird species in different and sometimes conflicting ways.
The results suggest that habitat tree management for biodiversity in production forests cannot depend upon habitat structural
characteristics alone. Management histories appear to have independent influence (on some bird species) that are distinguishable
from their impacts on habitat structure per se. Rather than managing to maximize species abundances to maintain biodiversity, we may be better off managing to avoid extinctions
of populations by identifying thresholds of acceptable fluctuations in populations of not only hollow-nesting birds but other
forest dependent wildlife relative to scientifically valid forest management and habitat structural surrogates. 相似文献
50.
Fire occurrences and their sources were monitored in Emas National Park, Brazil (17°49′–18°28′S; 52°39′–53°10′W) from June
1995 to May 1999. The extent of burned area and weather conditions were registered. Forty-five fires were recorded and mapped
on a GIS during this study. Four fires occurred in the dry winter season (June–August; 7,942 ha burned), all caused by humans;
10 fires occurred in the seasonally transitional months (May and September) (33,386 ha burned); 31 fires occurred in the wet
season, of which 30 were caused by lightning inside the park (29,326 ha burned), and one started outside the park (866 ha
burned). Wet season lightning fires started in the open vegetation (wet field or grassy savanna) at a flat plateau, an area
that showed significantly higher fire incidence. On average, winter fires burned larger areas and spread more quickly, compared
to lightning fires, and fire suppression was necessary to extinguish them. Most lightning fires were patchy and extinguished
primarily by rain. Lightning fires in the wet season, previously considered unimportant episodes, were shown to be very frequent
and probably represent the natural fire pattern in the region. Lightning fires should be regarded as ecologically beneficial,
as they create natural barriers to the spread of winter fires. The present fire management in the park is based on the burning
of preventive firebreaks in the dry season and exclusion of any other fire. This policy does not take advantage of the beneficial
effects of the natural fire regime and may in fact reduce biodiversity. The results presented here stress the need for reevaluating
present policies and management procedures concerning fire in cerrado conservation areas. 相似文献