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151.
为净化糖厂滤泥,使其得到更好的资源化利用,研究pH、时间、温度、转速和接种量对霉菌净化糖厂滤泥效果的影响。在单因素基础之上,选取温度、pH和接种量为自变量,耗糖量为响应值,采用响应面优化法优化霉菌净化糖厂滤泥的条件。利用Box-Behnken设计和方差分析,研究各自变量及其交互作用对耗糖量的影响,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。结果表明,温度30℃,pH为8,接种量为6%为最佳优化条件,在此条件下,耗糖量的实际值为1 040 mg/20g滤泥,理论值为1 061.39 mg/20 g滤泥,两者的相对误差为1.97%。二次响应曲面方差分析结果表明,回归模型达到显著性水平,在研究区域内拟合较好,模型的精密度、可信度和精确度均在可行范围内。说明响应面法优化霉菌净化糖厂滤泥的条件切实可行。 相似文献
152.
选取典型的生活污水污泥和造纸污泥进行干燥特性分析,对比了干燥过程中的水分析出特性、污泥球体中心温度变化和物理性质变化。结果表明,无论是生活污水污泥还是造纸污泥,在干燥过程中等速干燥阶段都不明显,而造纸污泥更快达到最大干燥速率,更快进入降速干燥阶段;造纸污泥球的中心温度在高温(250℃)干燥条件下还存在超温的现象,即污泥球中心温度在某段时间内高于干燥温度,形成了蓄热内核;干燥过程中,造纸污泥水分的析出是依靠层层传递,污泥球结构稳定收缩,缩容率相对较小,最终收缩成一硬核;生活污水污泥在干燥中缩容率相对较大,水分析出伴随着外壳的破裂,内层与外界可直接进行热传递交换,干燥后结团性能差,疏散度高,不易定型。 相似文献
153.
Ntougias S Baldrian P Ehaliotis C Nerud F Antoniou T Merhautová V Zervakis GI 《Chemosphere》2012,88(5):620-626
Thirty-nine white-rot fungi belonging to nine species of Agaricomycotina (Basidiomycota) were initially screened for their ability to decrease olive-mill wastewater (OMW) phenolics. Four strains of Ganoderma australe, Ganoderma carnosum, Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus, were selected and further examined for key-aspects of the OMW biodegradation process. Fungal growth in OMW-containing batch cultures resulted in significant decolorization (by 40-46% and 60-65% for Ganoderma and Pleurotus spp. respectively) and reduction of phenolics (by 64-67% and 74-81% for Ganoderma and Pleurotus spp. respectively). COD decrease was less pronounced (12-29%). Cress-seeds germination increased by 30-40% when OMW was treated by Pleurotus strains. Toxicity expressed as inhibition of Aliivibrio fischeri luminescence was reduced in fungal-treated OMW samples by approximately 5-15 times compared to the control. As regards the pertinent enzyme activities, laccase and Mn-independent peroxidase were detected for Ganoderma spp. during the entire incubation period. In contrast, Pleurotus spp. did not exhibit any enzyme activities at early growth stages; instead, high laccase (five times greater than those of Ganoderma spp.) and Mn peroxidases activities were determined at the end of treatment. OMW decolorization by Ganoderma strains was strongly correlated to the reduction of phenolics, whereas P. eryngii laccase activity was correlated with the effluent’s decolorization. 相似文献
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157.
The acute toxicity of paper mill wastewater to Oreochromis mossambicus was investigated with the lethal concentration (LC50) value 6.5% for 96?h exposure. This concentration was used as a baseline to study the effects of paper mill effluent on histopathological changes in gills, liver, kidney, and brain of fish. In the gills, filament cell proliferation, cellular infiltration, hemorrhage, and epithelial lifting were observed. In the liver, vacuolation of hepatocytes and necrosis were noted. In kidney, exfoliation and swollen with pyknotic nuclei were identified. Similarly, the brain also showed enlarged pyramidal cells, binucleated nuclei, vacoulation, and necrosis. These changes occurred predominantly in 21days following exposure of fish to the industrial waste water. Paper mill wastewater was found to be highly toxic to fish. 相似文献
158.
The effect of textile mill wastewater on germination, delay index, physiological growth parameters, and plant pigments of two cultivars of chickpea was studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of textile mill wastewater (treated and untreated) at different concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) for irrigational purposes. The textile effluent did not show any inhibitory effect on seed germination at a lower concentration (6.25%). The other reported plant parameters (delay index, root length, shoot length, dry weight, chlorophyll, and carotenoid) also followed a similar trend. Seeds germinated in 100% effluents but did not survive for longer periods. It has also been concluded that the effect of the textile effluent is cultivar-specific, and due care should be taken before using the textile mill wastewater for irrigation purposes. 相似文献
159.
Sandeep PANDA Nilotpala PRADHAN Umaballav MOHAPATRA Sandeep K. PANDA Swagat S. RATH Danda S. RAO Bansi D. NAYAK Lala B. SUKLA Barada K. MISHRA 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(2):281-293
Bioleaching of a low grade chalcopyrite (ball mill spillage material) was tested for copper recovery in shake flasks. The original samples (as received) were thermally activated (600°C, 30 min) to notice the change in physico-chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the host rock and subsequently its effect on copper recovery. A mixed culture of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacterial consortium predominantly entailing Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain was used for bioleaching studies and optimization of process parameters of both original and thermally activated samples. Mineralogical characterization studies indicated the presence of chalcopyrite, pyrite in the silicate matrix of the granitic rock. Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis indicated mostly SiO2. With pH 2, pulp density 10% w/v, inoculum 10% v/v, temperature 30°C, 150 r·min-1, 49% copper could be recovered in 30 days from the finest particle size (-1+ 0.75 mm) of the original spillage sample. Under similar conditions 95% copper could be recovered from the thermally activated sample with the same size fraction in 10 days. The study revealed that thermal activation leads to volume expansion in the rock with the development of cracks, micro and macro pores on its surface, thereby enabling bacterial solution to penetrate more easily into the body, facilitating enhanced copper dissolution. 相似文献
160.
介绍了太原钢铁(集团)有限公司探索城市钢厂与城市和谐发展的实践。太钢结合自身的具体情况,通过全流程技术改造和创新,转变钢厂发展方式,承担社会责任,建设资源节约型、环境友好型企业,产品质量、能源消耗、环境保护水平显著改善,成为城市节能减排、构建循环经济的有机组成部分。 相似文献