海上平台事故应急演练评估方法研究

针对目前我国海上平台事故应急演练缺乏有效评估体系的现状,结合海上平台事故应急演练典型示例,运用“事故应急指挥系统（ICS）”基本理念,对整个应急演练过程进行系统分析,从人员安全、资产保护、环境保护、企业声誉等4个方面搭建应急演练评估框架。采用层次分析法构建计算模型,合理设置评估指标权重,最终建立了1套具有海洋石油行业特点的应急演练评估指标体系,并选取国内1个海上平台事故应急演练进行了应用分析。研究结果表明:构建的演练评估指标体系及评估方法能较好地应用于海上平台事故应急演练过程,进而在演练评估结果的基础上,实现应急演练的持续改进。     

环境信息高效利用技术平台流程再造的研究

近年来环境管理工作积累了大量的基础数据,但这些数据的采集、传输、加工、存储和应用比较分散,缺乏规范化,环境数据尚未能全面有效转化为可用信息资源.如何实现多部门协同,改革业务流程,有效地发挥环境信息高效利用平台作用,我们提出环境信息高效利用技术平台应用的流程,工作方法、相关原则和相关技术管理规范.研究有助于推动环境信息高效利用平台的规范应用和发展.     

Post-trip safety interventions: State-of-the-art,challenges, and practical implications

Introduction: Currently, risky driving behaviour is a major contributor to road crashes and as a result, wide array of tools have been developed in order to record and improve driving behaviour. Within that group of tools, interventions have been indicated to significantly enhance driving behaviour and road safety. This study critically reviews monitoring technologies that provide post-trip interventions, such as retrospective visual feedback, gamification, rewards or penalties, in order to inform an appropriate driver mentoring strategy delivered after each trip. Method: The work presented here is part of the European Commission H2020 i-DREAMS project. The reviewed platform characteristics were obtained through commercially available solutions as well as a comprehensive literature search in popular scientific databases, such as Scopus and Google Scholar. Focus was given on state-of-the-art-technologies for post-trip interventions utilized in four different transport modes (i.e. car, truck, bus and rail) associated with risk prevention and mitigation. Results: The synthesized results revealed that smartphone applications and web-based platforms are the most accepted, frequently and easiest to use tools in cars, buses and trucks across all papers considered, while limited evidence of post-trip interventions in -rail was found. The majority of smartphone applications detected mobile phone use and harsh events and provided individual performance scores, while in-vehicle systems provided delayed visual reports through a web-based platform. Conclusions: Gamification and appropriate rewards appeared to be effective solutions, as it was found that they keep drivers motivated in improving their driving skills, but it was clear that these cannot be performed in isolation and a combination with other strategies (i.e. driver coaching and support) might be beneficial. Nevertheless, as there is no holistic and cross-modal post-trip intervention solution developed in real-world environments, challenges associated with post-trip feedback provision and suggestions on practical implementation are also provided.     

自升式钻井平台就位安全性与覆盖能力要求分析*

为保证自升式钻井平台安全就位并覆盖海上生产平台井槽进行钻完井作业,研究自升式钻井平台就位及插桩作业过程中的风险及应对措施,提出考虑就位作业误差影响下的自升式钻井平台覆盖能力要求计算方法。结果表明:桩腿穿刺是自升式钻井平台就位安全的首要考虑因素;就位作业误差会明显提高对自升式钻井平台覆盖能力的要求;提出的方法可以准确计算出实际作业对自升式钻井平台横向和纵向覆盖能力的要求,对自升式钻井平台选型及安全作业具有一定的指导意义。     

公共场所火灾事故应急预案编辑平台的开发

本项目旨在通过开发公共场所火灾事故应急预案编辑平台与管理系统,使公共场所火灾事故应急预案的编写和管理简单化、规范化、科学化,以提高预案制定人员的工作效率。     

高速公路桥头差异沉降综合处治对策

由于台背路堤和桥台两者形成差异沉降，桥头跳车成为普遍且复杂的问题，对这一特殊路堤病害的成功处治尚不多见。近年来．加筋土结构的柔性桥台开始应用于工程实践，这种结构有可能从根本上防止桥头跳车的产生。本文针对高速公路桥头路基易产生差异沉降这一普遍现象，从理论与施工的角度进行探讨，并结合京珠高速公路粤境南段工程建设的实际，介绍了防止桥头跳车不良影响而采取的技术处理措施。经实践检验，综合处治对策取得了成功。     

浮球式惯性平台的自适应模糊滑模转动控制

目的选择一种稳定的控制方法使力矩器能够完成高精度的转动控制。方法选择自适应模糊滑模控制解决球体的转动控制问题。该方法是在滑模控制的基础上,利用自适应模糊系统逼近滑模控制中的切换控制项,使得该方法不但拥有滑模控制所具有的稳定性和鲁棒性的优点,而且有效地抑制了滑模控制的抖振问题,得到振幅较小且变化平缓的控制输出。结果自适应模糊滑模控制的跟踪误差在0.01°以内,且跟踪状态下控制输出信号的斜率不超过40 000 step/s。结论该方法能够在力矩器的能力范围内保证球体转动的精度,满足自标定自对准时转动精度低于0.01°的要求。     

应用对地观测卫星遥感数据建立共享平台

以整合、共享为宗旨,充分利用现有的大量遥感数据建立综合卫星遥感应用和服务的公共平台。通过WebGIS形式,实现用户的网上浏览及分析处理,从而达到提高遥感数据使用率,实现其社会效益及经济效益的目的。     

排污权交易信息化研究

本文结合排污权试点地区排污权交易实际业务,研究阐述排污权交易信息化工作的总体框架,对排污权交易试点阶段的信息化工作探索具有重要的意义。     

基于知识服务的协同式装备维修技术支持平台

针对当前装备一线维修人员在技术支持上的存在的现实问题,提出了基于知识服务和协同模式构建协同式装备维修技术支持平台,在分析平台体系结构和功能的基础上,研究探讨了平台运作模式和关键技术。该平台为一线服务人员提供了"一站式"的技术支持和"定制式"的知识服务,实现了装备维修相关部门协同保障的"双赢"协作模式。