试论新形势下的我国环境保护科研计划管理

通过国内外环境科研管理的分析,划分了环境管理与科研的层次,指出科研计划管理是联系管理与科研的纽带。提出在深入改革的形势下,科研管理需进一步加强宏观调控,并就环境管理、准决策研究、基础研究三个层次的联系与运行以及科研分领域系统管理,科研经费管理的多元化与项目设置的计划滚动效应和建立技术支持的专家系统等提出了看法。以求实现科学比管理,切实发挥科研第一生产力的作用,达到科研为管理服务的目的。     

战略环境影响评价的发展与应用

本文介绍了SEA的发展背景，现有项目EIA在PPPs决策层次上的缺陷和可持续发展理论如何导致SEA的发展，新发展的SEA比较传统的项目EIA所具有的优点，以及当前对SEA的认识和理解，在实践中所采用的形式，和成功的SEA必具备的特征，同时对在当前形势下SEA的实践方式进行了一定的评价，发现SEA的增值效应是SEA实施的先决条件。     

回顾性环境影响评价程序及内容研究

回顾性环境影响评价是环境影响评价的一个分支,是继常规环境影响评价之后,为检验实际环境影响和减缓措施的有效性行为。其工作内容主要包括环境监测、检验与评估、环境管理及其他环境研究。它既是对原环境影响评价过程中所使用的预测模型和结果正确性的验证,又是对原工作内容进行重要的补充和修正,并提出更为合理和实用的环境保护措施及对策     

Simulation-based fault propagation analysis—Application on hydrogen production plant

Recently production of hydrogen from water through the Cu–Cl thermochemical cycle is developed as a new technology. The main advantages of this technology over existing ones are higher efficiency, lower costs, lower environmental impact and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Considering these advantages, the usage of this technology in new industries such as nuclear and oil is increasingly developed. Due to hazards involved in hydrogen production, design and implementation of hydrogen plants require provisions for safety, reliability and risk assessment. However, very little research is done from safety point of view. This paper introduces fault semantic network (FSN) as a novel method for fault diagnosis and fault propagation analysis by using evolutionary techniques like genetic programming (GP) and neural networks (NN), to uncover process variables’ interactions. The effectiveness, feasibility and robustness of the proposed method are demonstrated on simulated data obtained from the simulation of hydrogen production process in Aspen HYSYS^®. The proposed method has successfully achieved reasonable detection and prediction of non-linear interaction patterns among process variables.     

Company Strategies and Program for Implementing Ergonomics

Three periods of work environmental activity in the company will be presented: (a) A period without a work environmental organization and an environmental budget, covered approximately 1 year; (b) A period when an environmental organization with a separate work environmental budget was established. This period covered 15 years; (c) A period when the company was divided in 3 companies without a separate work environmental budget, but still an environmental organization, covering the last 12 years.     

Application of Tradable Emission Permits in Europe

Abstract

The purpose of this study is merely to review the current situation in the designing and implementation of the emission trading programs in Europe. Historical data show that although there is a series of shortcomings in their current functioning, employing such instruments for GHG reduction policy making is strongly expected to be efficient and effective. The European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI) are just a few examples of the ambitious EU initiative that heavily relies on such instruments. We dwell on their operations and achievements by far and all the content in this article is expected to convince the Chinese government and regional public authorities to take positive actions and attitudes in promoting these instruments.     

安全生产“十一五”规划实施评估技术研究

对安全生产＂十一五＂规划进行了特征分析,明确了规划评估的工作目标,研究提出了规划评估技术体系,包括评估逻辑设计原则、评估总体框架和评估技术路线。安全生产＂十一五＂规划实施评估应重点从目标实现评估、任务完成评估、政策措施评估三方面入手,评价目标实现一致性程度,评价任务实施情况及其作为目标战略的有效性如何,评价政策措施的制订与贯彻对目标实现与任务完成的支撑程度,在此基础上评价规划实施的总体效果,并对存在的问题进行原因分析,最后提出做好安全生产＂十二五＂规划的对策建议。实例应用表明,国家安全生产＂十一五＂规划实施进展总体比较顺利,取得良好成效,本文提出的评估技术体系对各级政府开展安全生产规划实施评估具有指导意义。     

基于GA优化算法的平遥县大气环境质量评价研究

本文以平遥县城及周边区域环境空气质量监测结果为依据,采用具有全局优化的遗传算法（GA）对平遥县及周边区域大气环境质量污染现状进行评价。用大气污染危害指数的普适公式和参数优化后的污染危害指数公式确定污染危害指数的取值范围与评价级别之间的对应关系,由此得出较符合平遥县及周边区域实际的评价结果,同时针对具体情况对此结果进行简单的分析。     

Evaluating repeated patient handling injuries following the implementation of a multi-factor ergonomic intervention program among health care workers

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate repeated patient handling injuries following a multi-factor ergonomic intervention program among health care workers.

Methods

This was a quasi-experimental study which had an intervention group and a non-randomized control group. Data were collected from six hospitals in Saskatchewan, Canada from September 1, 2001 to December 1, 2006.

Results

A total of 1,480 individuals who had a previous injury were eligible for the study. Medium and small size hospitals in the intervention group had significantly fewer repeated injuries than in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that the intervention group had 38.1% lower odds of having repeated injury compared to the control group, after adjusting for hospital size.

Conclusions

The work-related repeated injury after a multi-factor intervention program was reduced. The synergistic relationships between components of multi-factor intervention and applicability of injury prevention programs to different settings need to be further explored.

Impact on Industry

Implementing a multi-factor program with the right equipment and training can lower the risk of injury among health care workers.