基于高职计算机应用专业的动态教学模型研究

结合高职教育的特点和计算机应用专业的教学,提出了"一线、二体、三层、五框架、多考核"的动态教学模型,并从多角度分析了实际教学中应该采取的改革措施,阐明了各个环节的具体做法。     

Feasibility and simulation model of a pilot scale membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment and reuse from Chinese traditional medicine

The lack and pollution of water resource make wastewater reuse necessary. The pilot scale long-term tests for submerged membrane bioreactor were conducted to treat the effluents of anaerobic or aerobic treatment process for the high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. This article was focused on the feasibility of the wastewater treatment and reuse at shorter hydraulic retention time （HRT） of 5.0, 3.2 and 2.13 h. MLSS growth, membrane flux, vacuum values and chemical cleaning periods were also investigated. The experimental results of treating two-phase anaerobic treatment effluent demonstrated that the CODfilt was less than 100 mg/L when the influent COD was between 500-10000 mg/L at HRT of 5.0 h, which could satisfy the normal discharged standard in China. The experimental results to treat cross flow aerobic reactor effluent demonstrated that the average value of CODfilt was 17.28 mg/L when the average value of influent COD was 192.84 mg/L at HRT of 2.13 h during 106 d, which could completely meet the normal standard for water reuse. The maximum MLSS and MLVSS reached 24000 and 14500 mg/L at HRT of 3.2 h respectively. Membrane flux had maximal resume degrees of 94.7% at vacuum value of 0.02 MPa after cleaning. Chemical cleaning periods of membrane module were 150 d. A simulation model of operational parameters was also established based on the theory of back propagation neural network and linear regression of traditional mathematical model. The simulation model showed that the optimum operational parameters were suggested as follows： HRT was 5.0 h, SRT was 100 d, the range of COD loading rate was between 10.664-20.451 kg/（m3.d）, the range of MLSS was between 7543-13694 mg/L.     

基于GaN技术的大功率T/R组件可靠性设计与分析

结合T/R组件的工作原理,对影响大功率T/R组件可靠性的关键技术进行了设计与分析。通过与现有的基于GaAs技术的T/R组件设计电路对比分析,阐述了基于Ga N技术的大功率、高可靠性T/R组件的电路设计方法。     

聚丙烯腈卷式超滤膜组件的污染及其清洗方法

以牛奶为料液 ,用聚丙烯腈卷式起滤膜组件进行了污染规律和清洗方法的研究 .实验结果表明 :负压抽洗的效果比低压高流速和反冲洗效果好 ;采用物理方法和化学方法结合 ,可明显提高清洗效果 .     

基于神经网络方法的复杂超静定结构失效概率分析

将整体结构按拓扑关系划分为若干模块,根据力的传递原理对模块结构进行失效概率计算,获得各模块结构的失效概率信息;运用有限元模拟分析获得整体结构的失效概率信息。再将模块结构的失效概率作为输入,整体结构的失效概率作为输出,构造样本集。以BP神经网络进行失效概率分析,既可提高计算速度和精度,也可利用其泛化能力对相同拓扑结构的超静定结构进行失效概率计算。算例中对包含5个模块结构的整体结构单元进行基于神经网络的失效概率分析,以网络外推能力计算了包含7模块结构的整体结构单元的失效概率,获得较好的计算精度,从而验证了该方法的有效性。     

机械清洗膜组件对膜通量影响的初步研究

试验设计了强化机械清洗膜组件M1和机械清洗膜组件M2,通过正交试验考察了污泥浓度、曝气量、运行膜通量和抽吸时间:间歇时间对2组膜组件的膜过滤特性的影响.结果表明,M1膜组件可以弱化不利条件如高污泥浓度(MLSS)、高运行膜通量和低曝气强度的影响;曝气量和运行膜通量是影响膜比通量的主要因素;并得到一组较佳的操作条件组合:污泥浓度6g/L、曝气量0.5m³/h、抽吸时间和间歇时间的比为12:1.在此条件下长期运行试验表明,M1和M2膜通量均可以维持在40L/(h·m²).通过测定2组膜组件的阻力分布,表明机械清洗可以大大减弱膜面泥饼层污染.     

黄土高原历史时期沟谷侵蚀量计算方法探讨

历史时期沟谷侵蚀量的计算多采用传统实地测量或计算方法,而现代地理信息技术的发展为沟谷侵蚀量计算提供了更为简便、快捷、高效的方式。等高线图形概括法即为一种将传统制图学与现代地理信息技术相结合的方法。本文以神木县东山旧城冲沟为切入点,采用等高线图形概括方法,基于30 m 分辨率ASTER DEM,利用Arcgis10 平台计算历史时期沟谷侵蚀量,并将其与基于野外测量计算侵蚀量进行对比。结果对比发现,基于野外测量的沟谷侵蚀量约占基于DEM 侵蚀量的89.11%,两者之间存在一定差距,但是可被接受的。进一步分析显示,等高线简化前后,DEM 平均坡度、等高线长度和表面积均发生变化,平均坡度、等高线长度变化率分别为2.78% 和4.3%,表面积变化不是特别明显。三维分析显示,简化后等高线更加平滑,平均坡度趋于平缓,坡度的分布更为均匀。总体而言,等高线图形概括方法在沟谷侵蚀量计算方面具有较高的可靠性,对更大时空尺度内的沟谷侵蚀量计算具有借鉴意义。     

渗透蒸发脱除水中挥发性有机物的研究进展

渗透蒸发用于水中挥发性有机物的脱除．近年来受到高度的关注。综述了近年来渗透蒸发脱除水中挥发性有机物的研究进展．重点是关于膜与膜组件的应用、操作参数和结果。     

Influence of DC electric and magnetic fields on silicon solar cells/modules

ABSTRACT

In this study, the impact of DC electric and magnetic fields on the output power, open-circuit voltage, and photocurrent density of a silicon photovoltaic (PV) cell/module is assessed. In this regard, the influence of DC electric and magnetic fields is first evaluated in theory by formulating and discussing related basis and concepts. Then, experimental measurements and data obtained from two different sets of experiments are given that verify theoretical results. In theory and practice, it is shown that depending on the direction of a DC electric field applied to a silicon PV cell/module, it causes an increase or reduction in the output power and open-circuit voltage of the PV cell/module. In detail, when the DC electric field points in the direction of the junction electric field of the PV cell(s), the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module increase, otherwise the output power and open-circuit voltage decrease. Regarding the magnetic field, it is proved that depending on the direction of a DC magnetic field applied to a silicon PV cell/module, different effects are observed. In detail, when the DC magnetic field points along the junction electric field of the PV cell(s), it has no effect on the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module. But, the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module decrease when the DC magnetic field points in the other directions. Moreover, the reduction in the output power and open-circuit voltage reaches its peak when the DC magnetic field is applied in the direction perpendicular to the junction electric field.     

Removal of arsenic from contaminated groundwater by solar-driven membrane distillation

Experimental investigations were carried out on removal of arsenic from contaminated groundwater by employing a new flat-sheet cross flow membrane module fitted with a hydrophobic polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane. The new design of the solar-driven membrane module in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) configuration successfully produced almost 100 per cent arsenic-free water from contaminated groundwater in a largely fouling-free operation while permitting high fluxes under reduced temperature polarization. For a feed flow rate of 0.120 m³/h, the 0.13 μm PVDF membrane yielded a high flux of 74 kg/(m² h) at a feed water temperature of 40 °C and, 95 kg/m² h at a feed water temperature of 60 °C. The encouraging results show that the design could be effectively exploited in the vast arsenic-affected rural areas of South-East Asian countries blessed with abundant sunlight particularly during the critical dry season.