环境保护管理实践下煤业资源重组整合项目的防治——以山西晋煤集团坪上煤业有限公司为例

本文以山西省晋城煤业集团资源整合项目坪上煤业为研究对象,阐述项目的背景和矿井整合前、整合后变化情况,根据本矿的具体实际情况从废气防治、废水防治、噪声防治、固体废物防治、生态恢复、五大方面进行分析和研究,提出环境保护方面的措施、要求及投产运行后的环境保护工作重点内容。建立健全、科学有效的环境管理体系从设计到生产将环境保护工作做好。     

Integration of process safety engineering and fire protection engineering for better safety performance

Since the inception of the process industries, there have been a great number of process incidents causing significant loss of life and property damage. Even the establishment and implementation of a series of rigorous regulations has not prevented the occurrence of process incidents. In order to protect people, property and the environment a more robust safety program is needed and the safety performance of process industries must continue to improve. In this work, the common ground and the unique characteristics of process safety engineering (PSE) and fire protection engineering (FPE) is reviewed to demonstrate the potential benefits of unifying the two fields or improving the coordination between them to create a more robust safety program, thereby enhancing the safety performance of process industries. Recommendations are made to facilitate and encourage continued discussion and efforts toward the integration of process safety engineering and fire protection engineering.     

城市生态保护红线划定技术研究——以宜昌市为例

划定生态保护红线,是生态文明建设的一项重要任务,对维护国家和区域生态安全及经济社会可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。目前,城市化发展中面临着突出生态环境问题,在城市层面开展生态保护红线的划定工作显得更加紧迫。但现阶段生态保护红线的划分技术上仍处于不断探索与完善阶段。基于此,文章以湖北省宜昌市为例,利用RS和GIS技术,采用"识-评-落-融-分"的技术流程,提出了一套城市生态保护红线体系与划分方法。结果表明:宜昌市生态保护红线体系划分为3个层级:生态保护红线区、生态保护黄线区和生态保护绿线区;生态保护红线区、黄线区和绿线区分别占全市面积的48.83%、31.50%和19.67%。     

One day is all it takes: circadian modulation of the retrieval of colour memories in honeybees

In this study, we examined how honeybees coped with successive tasks of colour discrimination with conflicting demands. Free-flying honeybees (Apis mellifera) were trained on tasks in which they had to choose one of three colours to obtain a reward of sugar water. In acquisition, the bees learned this task in about four trials of training. Colour memory was retained after 24-h delay in an unrewarded retention test. Integration experiments were then conducted in which the bees had to learn two successive tasks of colour discrimination with conflicting demands, task 1 for 20 trials and task 2 for ten trials. In task 1, one of three colours provided sugar water while the other two provided tap water, while in task 2 a different colour provided the reward. The bees were given unrewarded tests immediately after training on task 2 and then re-tested after 10 min, 22 h (circadian time of the start of task 1 training), or 24 h (circadian time of the end of task 2 training). Bees strongly preferred the rewarded colour for task 2 on immediate testing and after 10-min delay. After 22-h delay, they switched their preference to the rewarded colour for task 1. But after 24-h delay, the bees again strongly preferred the rewarded colour for task 2. Further tests at a number of delays between 0 and 22 h revealed a sigmoidal pattern of rise in the preference for the task 1 colour. We conclude that circadian time modulates the retrieval of colour memories in honeybees, even when all the training took place in a single day.     

Integrated Ecological and Regional Planning in a Rapid-Growth Setting

Toronto is among the fastest-growing urban regions in North America. Regional efforts to preserve rural landscapes and remnant habitat have had variable success. In the 1990s, significant conflict emerged over proposals to build large housing developments on portions of the Oak Ridges Moraine, a 160-km stretch of environmentally sensitive land along the city’s northern edge. After years of planning conflict, Ontario’s provincial government created the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan, an Act of the Ontario Legislature. The Plan represents a dramatic change in Ontario’s approach to conservation planning. We examine the development and implementation of the Conservation Plan as an example of environmental planning policy in a complex urban setting. Data from interviews with policy actors, planning agency documents, and geospatial sources are used to construct an analysis and discussion of the Plan and its implementation. From a policy research perspective, the evolution and implementation of the Plan require analysis and monitoring to better understand how such approaches can best be implemented. The Conservation Plan marks a change in policy in Ontario, and the implementation process highlights challenges in putting conservation plans into practice.     

Mainstreaming sustainable development: Evolving perspectives and challenges from the Philippine experience

National sustainable development strategies (NSDSs) play a vital role in pursuing sustainable development (SD) at the country level. These strategies help in clarifying priorities and in focusing efforts to more effectively address relevant SD issues. Since its establishment in 1992, the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development has urged its members to formulate and implement their respective NSDS. The Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21 (1997) provided a more aggressive push to this advocacy by setting 2002 as the deadline for the formulation of NSDS while the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (2002) targeted 2005 as the year by which all countries should have started implementing such strategies. Many countries have heeded this call, albeit the strategies have taken a variety of forms: some took the route of formulating National Agenda 21s (as in the Philippine case), while others built on existing national environmental action plans, poverty strategies, sustainability plans, so‐called green plans, policy statements, or legal frameworks. The UN/DESA crafted some guidelines for NSDS formulation but, and rightly so, countries are given freedom of choice as to the scope, substance and form best suited to their own unique circumstances. As varied as the formats of these strategies turned out, so too were the processes that were adopted in their formulation. All these elements could reflect varying degrees of understanding and differing perspectives about the nature of sustainable development and how the concept could be made operational. Consequently, such an understanding could ultimately define a country's success in mainstreaming and achieving sustainable development. In this connection, it would be worthwhile examining how an NSDS has actually played out its role in the national pursuit of sustainable development. Are there creative insights, lessons or guidelines that can be drawn from practical, countrywide experience in NSDS formulation and implementation? What are the emerging challenges and problematic areas in using an NSDS as an instrument for integrating sustainable development in mainstream decision‐making? Are there nascent considerations that could be useful in developing design parameters for NSDS? This paper explores the foregoing questions in the Philippine context, given its decade‐long experience in implementing its NSDS, the Philippine Agenda 21 (PA 21). In so doing, it hopes to distill potentially valuable perspectives that can inform UNCSD and country‐level efforts at crafting, refining and mainstreaming national strategies for sustainable development.     

EMS与OSHMS的整合研究

近年来 ,在环境管理体系和职业安全健康管理体系的建立、认证和持续改进的实践中 ,企业、咨询与认证机构都发现 ,两体系独立建立、完善和持续改进 ,不断提升中 ,仍存在一些问题 ,人们提出 ,实现两大管理体系的整合 ,不仅有利于企业对环境管理和职业安全健康管理的资源共享 ,而且也是顺应国际认证发展的潮流。为此 ,笔者论述了两大管理体系整合的原因 ;讨论了整合的基本原则和难点 ;分析了两大管理体系整合的基本思路 ;研究了ESH整合型管理体系的实现过程。     

环境和职业安全健康管理体系的整合及一体化

随着世界经济一体化进程的加速，企业开始认识到，要在全球经贸活动中生存、竞争和发展，环境和职业安全健康已成为他们必须重视和要解决的问题，但是在环境管理体系(ISO l4001)和职业安全健康管理体系的先后建立、认证和持续改进的实践中。他们也看到了一些重要的问题，如有些要素的重叠和重复，资源(人、财、物)的浪费，管理效率低等。基于上述情况。笔者提出了两大管理体系的一体化问题；分析了两大体系一体化的可行性和方法；探讨了两体系一体化的基本思路和应注意的问题。     

关于质量(Q)、环境(E)和职业安全健康(OSH)的管理体系整合及其一体化探讨

ISO90 0 0、ISO14 0 0 0、OSHAS180 0 0三大管理体系的建立、认证和持续改进 ,已成为现代企业的管理水平和持续发展能力的重要标志。特别是我国入世后 ,企业能否在全球经贸活动中生存、竞争、发展 ,质量 (Q)、环境 (E)及职业安全健康 (OSH)问题已成为不可回避的难点 ,也是必须克服的重要障碍。在QMS、EMS、OSHAS三大管理体系推行、建立、认证和持续改进的实践中 ,无论是企、事业单位 (组织或用人单位 )、咨询及认证机构 ,还是政府主管部门 ,可能都在深思 ,怎样才能减少三大管理体系建立中的交叉、重叠、重复、资源 (人、才、物 )浪费 ,管理效率、效益不高的问题。笔者提出了QMS、EMS、OSHAS三大管理体系整合及其一体化的问题 ;探讨了整合与一体化的背景和良好条件 ;分析了整合与一体化面临的困难 ;给出了整合与一体化管理体系建立的建议 ;展望了现代企业管理及其体系整合一体化的前景。     

关于石油管道企业HSE管理体系、环境管理体系和职业安全健康管理体系的整合探讨和建议

石油管道企业已经建立了HSE管理体系。为了提高企业的管理水平 ,适应企业的发展和参与国际石油管道建设市场的竞争 ,在近几年内 ,石油管道企业计划建立ISO140 0 0和职业安全健康管理体系。为了提高企业管理效率 ,便于 3个体系的运行和操作 ,笔者提出了企业在建立体系中将EMS、HSEMS、OSHMS整合的思路 ,并对整合的可能性作了探讨 ,提出了体系整合后的基本框架。