应急准备知识库系统设计与实现——以演练方案为例

为解决应急准备过程中普遍存在的“知识断档”问题,提出设计与实现应急准备知识库系统的针对性解决方案,并以演练方案编制为例,从应用实践的角度出发,提出具体思路。定义“知识范畴-知识主体-知识点”3级层次架构,提出包含“输入提取、存储、维护更新、知识应用”在内的应急准备知识库系统定位,归纳由“用户、知识内容、使用场景、应用模式”所构成的应急准备知识库“四要素设计法”。其中,针对知识加工输出这一复杂需求,引入以方案模板设计和智能向导制作为核心的设计实现理念。研究结果为应急准备实操人员逐渐摆脱“知识断档”的困境,以及进一步强化应急准备整体能力,提供了一种可行的思路和方法。     

坚持深化教学改革努力培养应用型人才

本文从师资队伍建设、实验室建设、教学改革与管理、科技创新、毕业设计等五个方面，论述了如何加强专业建设，深化教学改革，提高教学质量，为社会培养厚基础、高素质、强能力、有特色的工程技术应用型人才。     

粤东中生代火山旋回划分及对比

本文在基本查明火山岩系地层层序及变化的基础上,将粤东地区中生代火山岩划分为上、下两个岩系,四个旋回,对各旋回特征作了简要总结,并进行了区域对比分析。     

A decision inventory approach for improving decision support for climate change impact assessment and adaptation

Assessing and adapting to the impacts of climate change requires balancing social, economic, and environmental factors in the context of an ever-expanding range of objectives, uncertainties, and management options. The term decision support describes a diverse class of resources designed to help manage this complexity and assist decision makers in understanding impacts and evaluating management options. Most climate-related decision support resources implicitly assume that decision making is primarily limited by the quantity and quality of available information. However, a wide variety of evidence suggests that institutional, political, and communication processes are also integral to organizational decision making. Decision support resources designed to address these processes are underrepresented in existing tools. These persistent biases in the design and delivery of decision support may undermine efforts to move decision support from research to practice. The development of new approaches to decision support that consider a wider range of relevant issues is limited by the lack of information about the characteristics, context, and alternatives associated with climate-related decisions. We propose a new approach called a decision assessment and decision inventory that will provide systematic information describing the relevant attributes of climate-related decisions. This information can be used to improve the design of decision support resources, as well as to prioritize research and development investments. Application of this approach will help provide more effective decision support based on a balanced foundation of analytical tools, environmental data, and relevant information about decisions and decision makers.     

Knowledge production and the science–policy relation in Dutch soil policy: results from a survey on perceived roles of organisations

In this paper, we present results from a survey on the perceived roles of organisations on the production and transfer of knowledge in Dutch soil policy. The results are interpreted by applying three theoretical perspectives to this relation: technical communities, epistemic communities and Mode 2 knowledge production. The main research results show that, since the perceived roles of organisations in some cases do not match the intended roles, or are inconsistent, communication of roles by organisations in the policy field is not effective. A second conclusion is that the respondents advocated an increase in interaction among policy levels and between knowledge production and policymaking. From the results, it seems that the Dutch soil policy field is on its way to a mode of socially robust knowledge production, where knowledge production, knowledge transfer and policymaking are integrated. In order to further this development, the paper provides recommendations on the further integration of science and policy concerning soil policy in the Netherlands.With respect to the methodology of survey research on the interaction between science and policy, the paper illustrates the importance of the professional identities of the respondents. The professional identities of the respondents are an important explanatory variable for the perceived roles of organisations.     

环境数据库中的知识发现

介绍了数据库中知识发现的定义及其常用的发现方法，分析了数据库中知识发现的可能性和必要性，对能够发现的知识自理过程，可采用的方法进行了探讨。     

荒漠化指标体系设计原则的研究

通过对国内外指标体系在指标选取与数据获得 ,分级量化与准确性校验方面存在问题的分析 ,认为目前荒漠化的分等定级有相当多的成分是用土地的绝对景观状态代替相对退化 ,影响了荒漠化分布范围、危害程度和防治效益的准确评估。土地退化生态基准初始面与终极面的恢复和确定 ,是建立规范科学指标体系的前提 ,由此提出了设计指标体系系统的三原则 :不同的生物气候带对应的生态基准面决定不同指标体系的地带性原则 ;不同空间尺度和不同传感器的分辨率决定不同指标体系的层次性原则和以基于3S景观类型为核心指标的原则     

基于GIS的凤嘴江水污染控制规划数据库研究

地理信息系统（GIS）是20世纪60年代兴起的新技术，将它应用于水污染控制规划（WPCP）是一个新的研究领域，其中数据库是整个系统的基础和信息源，也是系统发展的瓶颈技术之一，有必要进行深入和全面的研究，由于水污染控制规划系统本身的复杂性，决定了其所涉及的数据比一般的管理信息系统得杂得多，本研究以GeoMediaProfessional3.0为基础平台，对系统数据库建库过程中涉及的数据特点，数据结果与数据模型，数据组织与管理，数据库功能分析等问题进行了研究，开发了GIS技术的凤嘴江水污染控制规划数据库，较好地满足了GIS应用的要求，为相关数据库的建设提供了经验。     

有机酸碱类污染物溶解度的测定及估算

采用反相高效液相色谱法和振荡法测定了四十二种有机酸、碱化合物的溶解度,建立了用分配系数、熔点估算溶解度的方程,测定和估算了有机酸、碱类污染物在不同pH条件下的溶解度。实验测定值、文献值和估算值三者吻合较好。     

有机酸、碱类污染物分配系数的测定及相关性研究

用反相高效液相色谱(RHPLC)法及振荡法测定了42种环境中常见的有机酸、碱类污染物的分配系数,两种方法的测定值与文献值吻合较好,但RHPLC法快速、准确、样品用量少、测定范围宽、且对样品纯度要求低.测定了苯酚类化合物在环己烷/水、四氯化碳/水、氯仿/水、和苯/水体系中的分配系数,并建立了这四种体系与正辛醇/水体系分配系数的相关方程.