Prenatal diagnosis by in situ hybridization on uncultured amniocytes: Reduced sensitivity and potential risk of misdiagnosis in blood-stained samples

Maternal cell contamination was assessed in 18 macroscopically blood-stained amniotic fluid samples from male fetuses. The samples were analysed by double-target fluorescent in situ hybridization (ISH) with Y and X chromosome-specific probes. The only sample with an aberrant karyotype (47, XY, +18) was also analysed by hybridization with a chromosome 18-specific probe. An interpretation of extensive maternal cell contamination was made in two samples, one of which was the sample with trisomy 18. ISH with the chromosome 18-specific probe on this latter sample showed that the sensitivity of the ISH method for chromosome enumeration of uncultured amniotic fluid samples may be reduced in bloodstained samples. It was calculated that by using ISH for chromosome enumeration of the two extensively contaminated samples, a case of trisomy 21 might have been overlooked in both samples, while a case of trisomy 18 might only have been overlooked in one of the samples. It is concluded that ISH should not be used for chromosome enumeration of uncultured amniotic fluid samples that are macroscopically blood-stained without further technical developments.     

铅诱导的PC12细胞凋亡及caspase-3的激活

用MTT法及TUNEL法检测醋酸铅对PC12细胞活力和凋亡率的影响,并用荧光标记的特异性caspase-3抑制剂来测量caspase-3的激活.结果显示,PC12细胞暴露于浓度为0.1、1、10、100 μmol·L-1的醋酸铅中24 h后,凋亡率和caspase-3的激活显著增加,并具有剂量-效应关系;当铅浓度达到1 μmol·L-1及以上时,细胞活力明显下降.因此可以推论,铅能够诱导PC12细胞发生凋亡,caspase-3的激活可能在这过程中起了非常重要的作用.     

Normal ranges of the activities of ten different enzymes in 100 independent preparations of chorionic villi. Comparison of specimens from induced abortions,biopsies, and cultured cells

In order to obtain a large set of normal control values, the activities of three cytosolic enzymes of purine metabolism and seven lysosomal enzymes were determined in homogenates of chorionic villi derived from induced abortions of normal pregnancies (7th–12th week) in about 100 individual cases. Possible reasons for the rather wide ranges of normal distributions of enzyme activities are discussed. The values are compared: (1) with available data in the literature; (2) with activities determined in decidual homogenates prepared from the same samples; (3) with activities of cells of cultures established and grown from villi in the same samples; and (4) with enzyme activities measured in chorionic biopsies using the same methods. Implications for the prenatal diagnosis of the associated metabolic diseases are considered.     

Effects of some heavy metals on cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus

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Effects of exogenous Ca2+ on the membrane permeability, MDA and SH group content of Alexandrium sp. LC3 under surfactant stress

The effect of Ca^2 on the removal of Alexandrium sp. LC3 under HDTMAB stress was investigated. The results showed that thetoxic effect of HDTMAB on Alexandrium sp. LC3 was significantly reduced in the presence of Ca^2 , especially under 4 mmol/L of Ca^2 .To understand the underlying mechanism, the SH group and MDA content of the cell membrane and membrane permeability weremeasured. It was found that the SH content of cell member increased, the MDA content and membrane permeability decreased whenAlexandrium sp. was treated with Ca^2 and HDTMAB complex, compared with using HDTMAB only. The data suggested that Ca^2 mightpromote HDTMAB stress resistance of Alexandrium sp. LC3 by reducing the permeability and increasing the stability of cell membrane.     

浅谈手机废旧电池的回收利用

移动通信的快速发展和手机的大量使用,手机废旧电池给环境带来的危害必将日益明显,但目前关于废旧手机电池的研究很少,主要是一些国外的报道,文章就几种手机电池的组成、危害及回收工艺进行了综合分析,并对电池回收过程提出了几点建议,希望对我国的手机废旧电池的回收利用有所帮助.     

利用多孔陶珠固定化微生物细胞处理印染废水的研究

用自制多孔陶珠载体固定脱色混合菌,在不同pH、温度、增补营养浓度、固定化细胞与废水比率等条件对印染废水的脱色进行了试验.在最适条件下进行填充柱式反应器作扩大处理印染废水,脱色效果良好.     

Trisomy 20 mosaicism

A further case of trisomy 20 mosaicism found at amniocentesis is presented. Pregnancy was terminated, the fetus showed facial dysmorphia and minor cardial and renal anomalies. 19 published reports of true trisomy 20 mosaicism at amniocentesis are reviewed. Five pregnancies resulted in obviously normal newborns. The significance of mostly minor anomalies found at autopsy of 7 fetuses remains unclear. With regard to genetic counselling the significance of trisomy 20 mosaicism is summarized as follows: (1) true trisomy 20 mosaicism in amniotic fluid cells reflects mosaicism of the fetus; (2) severe malformation is not a major feature of trisomy 20 mosaicism; (3) the risk of mental retardation is still undetermined, due to limited experience. However, there is no definite proof that the condition is harmful at all.     

仿生脂肪细胞制备以及对水体中林丹去除的研究

利用生物体脂肪组织可以对脂溶性有机物有效富集的原理,通过界面聚合合成了类似脂肪细胞结构的仿生脂肪细胞,并对其结构进行了初步表征.仿生脂肪细胞具有亲水性膜以及亲脂性的内部结构,亲水性的膜允许携带脂溶性有机物的水体穿过膜,亲脂性的内含物将脂溶性有机物富集截留.仿生脂肪细胞对林丹具有较好的去除效果,15%三油酸甘油酯含量的仿生脂肪细胞与粉末活性炭具有相当的林丹去除能力.仿生脂肪细胞对林丹的去除机理包括内含物的生物富集以及膜上空腔的物理吸附两部分,而内含物的生物富集作用则是主要作用方式.     

磷对小麦细胞镉、锌的积累及在亚细胞内分布的影响

研究了小麦细胞在含有０．５０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１镉的ＭＳ培养液中，提高磷浓度对细胞内磷，镉，锌浓度及磷，镉，锌在细胞壁，液泡，细胞质内含量分布的影响。提高介质供磷水平促进了细胞的生长，但降低镉，锌两种元素在细胞中的含量，增磷还能降低镉 和锌在细胞壁，液泡和细胞质中含量。