关于新疆环境应急能力建设的探讨

阐述了新疆环境应急能力建设的重要性,对新疆环境应急现状中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了加强环境应急能力建设的几点建议。     

Comparing results of cultured and uncultured biological methods used in biological phosphorus removal

Increasing attention has been paid to phosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs)for their important role in biological phosphorus removal.In this study,microbial communities of PAOs cultivated under different carbon sources(sewage,glucose,and sodium acetate) were investigated and compared through culture-dependent and culture-independent methods,respectively.The results obtained using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)of polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S rDNA fragments revealed that the diversity of bacteria in a sewage-fed reactor(1#)was much higher than in a glucose-fed one(2#)and a sodium acetate-fed one(3#);there were common PAOs in three reactors fed by different carbon sources.Five strains were separated from three systems by using a phosphate- rich medium;they were from common bacteria isolated and three isolates could not be found in DGGE profile at all.Two isolates had good phosphorus removal ability.When the microbial diversity was studied,the molecular biological method was better than the culture-dependent one.When phosphorus removal characteristics were investigated,culture-dependent approach was more effective. Thus a combination of two methods is necessary to have a comprehensive view of PAOs.     

森林凋落物对土壤酸化缓冲作用的初步研究

阔叶树木荷凋落物的灰分元素含量以及分解速率大大高于针叶树杉木凋落物。相比之下,木荷凋落物具有较高的缓冲酸化的潜在能力。覆盖木荷凋落物的土壤,其下渗液盐基含量和PH值与对照相比显著较高,而土壤本身的盐基饱和度和有机质含量也显著较高,土壤酸度和Al/Ca显著较低,即太荷凋落物对土壤酸化有较高的缓冲能力,而杉木凋落物则不然。