基于环境磁学响应监测林地土壤中金属元素

采集并测试广州市林地土壤样品600余组,分析土壤中As、Cr、Cd、Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni和磁学性质的相关性。结果表明：土壤磁性颗粒以软磁性矿物为主,北部以超顺磁、多畴颗粒为主,南部以单畴、多畴颗粒为主。相关性分析表明：北部Cu、Ni、Cr、Cd与较粗的磁性颗粒共存,Cd与软磁性矿物共存,As与超顺磁颗粒共存且为自然源;南部相关关系不显著,Ni和As来源为人为源;不同污染程度土壤回归方程相关系数均较好,南部深〖CD*2〗浅层回归方程证明上述8种元素和磁性相关性不受自然来源或人类活动影响。     

改性镁铝水滑石对黑臭水体中磷的去除效果研究

通过采样和调研江苏省盐城市、扬州市不同程度治理的黑臭水体,分析其水质及磷赋存特征,选用对磷酸盐高效吸附的镁铝水滑石,开展了改性水滑石对黑臭水体中磷的吸附行为研究.结果表明：①调研的黑臭水体中44%水样磷浓度超过《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅴ类水标准限值,易发生水华等次生灾害,控磷减磷措施十分必要;②在黑臭水体pH值范围内,pH值对改性水滑石吸附磷的影响较小,改性水滑石的磷吸附量随初始溶液中磷的浓度升高而增大,其吸附动力学过程更符合准二级动力学方程;③在黑臭水体采集水样中,改性水滑石依然表现出较好的磷吸附能力,磷酸盐去除率达到了94.4%,可以有效削减黑臭水体中磷污染程度.     

Optimized pre-treatment of high strength food waste digestate by high content aluminum-nanocluster based magnetic coagulation

Coagulation-based pre-treatment efficiency of high strength digestate of food waste (HSDFW) anaerobic digestion is negated by organic ligand-catalyzed decomposition of coagulants. In this study, an efficient HSDFW pre-treatment method, magnetic seeds (MS) coagulation, was employed by using highly stable Keggin Al₃₀ nanocluster (PAC₃₀), MS and polyacrylamide (PAM), and its operation was optimized by evaluating the performance of removing turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorous (TP) phosphate. Results showed that at the optimum dosage of 4.82 g/L, PAC₃₀ demonstrated excellent removals as high as 98.93% ± 0.1% of turbidity, 98.04% ± 0.1% of TSS, 58.28% ± 0.3% of total COD, 99.98% ± 0.01% of TP and 99.50% ± 0.01% of dissolved phosphate, respectively. Apparent molecular weight (AMW) and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy analyses demonstrated more efficient removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM), particularly non-biodegradable and hydrophobic components by PAC₃₀ than commercial coagulant. The sedimentation was much improved from 40 min by coagulation/flocculation to about 5 min settling by MS coagulation. The PAC₃₀ based magnetic coagulation (MC) presents theoretical guidance on a cost-effective and much less footprint pre-treatment alternative for high strength wastewater.     

焙烧水滑石去除水中硝酸盐的实验研究

利用层状双氢氧化物的结构记忆效应,探讨了焙烧水滑石处理模拟含硝酸盐废水的可行性,考察了pH值、温度、反应时间、振荡速度等因素对硝酸盐去除率的影响。结果表明,当pH为9、反应温度298K、吸附时间120min、LDO投加量0.1g/100ml时,硝酸盐氮初始浓度为100mg/L;震荡速度为150r/min时,总氮的去除率高达96.73%。焙烧水滑石对硝酸盐的吸附符合Freudlich等温方程。     

Ag， Fe， Ce对ZnTi-LDO可见光催化性能的影响及作用机理

为了解金属及其氧化物对锌钛类水滑石衍生氧化物（ZnTi-LDO）可见光催化性能的影响，并获得在可见光下可快速降解染料的LDO光催化剂，制备了Ag、Fe、Ce修饰的复合材料（M-ZnTi-LDO,M=Ag,Ag₂O,Fe,Ce）.通过XRD、TEMHRTEM、XPS、BET、UV-Vis、PL对所合成材料的结构、形貌、表面化学状态、光学性质进行了表征，评价了上述材料在可见光下对亚甲基蓝（MB）的催化降解性能，通过自由基捕获实验确定了催化降解活性物种，提出了相关催化机理.结果表明，Fe、Ce金属氧化物及金属Ag抑制了材料的可见光催化性能，Ag₂O则显著提升了ZnTi-LDO的可见光催化性能.Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO在20 min内即可使MB降解率>98%，其表观降解速率常数是ZnTi-LDO的7倍.此外，Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO稳定性良好，循环5次无催化性能下降.·O₂^-是Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO催化降解MB的主要活性物种.A...