LOGO!控制器在中小型污水处理站中的运用

针对中小型污水处理的电气控制,西门子LOGO!控制器作为控制核心是其实现自动控制非常适用的选择。结合近年来从事污水处理电气控制设计和实践的经验,认为LOGO!控制器的功能完全能满足中小型污水处理工艺的控制要求。     

以天然气为原料生产亚氨基二乙腈的污染物产生及治理措施

以天然气-氢氰酸-羟基乙腈-亚胺基二乙腈-亚胺基二乙酸-双甘膦-草甘膦工艺路线正以其良好的经济性得到推广和发展，而其中的关键中间原料亚氨基二乙腈（IDAN）由于规模化生产装置较少，污染物的产生情况及治理措施尚有待于探讨，结合四川省拟建的和已有部分同类项目及装置的经验，在进行污染物源点、源强调查的基础上，分析、归纳和总结了已有治理技术，提出了较为完整亚氨基二乙腈生产的污染治理措施。本研究对草甘膦产业的污染物有效治理具有一定的指导意义。     

Assessing the socioeconomic effects of multiple-use MPAs in a European setting: A national stakeholders’ perspective

The designation of marine protected areas (MPAs) may have intense social and economic effects on human communities. Driven by overarching global and European policies and national legislations, current systematic conservation planning in the UK and France requires an ecosystem approach that takes into account not only nature but also the human activities that take place in an area. Here, we identified a set of 64 socioeconomic variables potentially relevant for marine and coastal stakeholders in a European context and a comprehensive set of 20 marine and coastal stakeholder categories. Ninety national organisations in the UK and France belonging to those categories and potentially affected by/interested in the designation of multiple-use MPAs were identified and surveyed. Results show that environmental NGOs, research centres, local councils, managing agencies and statutory nature conservation bodies perceived that they are positively affected by these MPAs, whereas fishers’ organisations, shipping and aggregate industrial organisations and recreational organisations perceived to be chiefly negatively affected by MPAs. On average, the ecological effects of multiple-use MPAs are perceived as ‘largely positive’, though 30% of respondents did not perceive any positive ecological effects from these MPAs. The social, economic and cultural effects of such MPAs are perceived as ‘moderately positive’. Most respondents perceived broad range (>10 km) and permanent ecological, social, economic and cultural effects from multiple-use MPA designation suggesting high societal expectations towards these areas. However, only five variables were perceived to vary in intensity after the designation of multiple-use MPAs: ‘research’, ‘environmental performance by citizens, businesses and towns’, ‘number of green businesses’, ‘tourism’ and ‘economic activities’. The most important ‘social’ variables for stakeholder organisations referred to local populations’ engagement with the MPA, tourism and research. The most important ‘economic’ variables were linked to fishing, shipping and aquaculture activities. These variables highlight relevant topics to be considered in MPA planning, designation and management processes, especially in the UK and France. There were statistically significant differences in the ratings of socioeconomic variables between many organisations belonging to the same intuitive stakeholder categories, suggesting the importance of including as wide a range of stakeholder organisations as feasible in MPA socioeconomic-related processes. Our methods and findings can help to inform and streamline ongoing and future participatory MPA planning, management and monitoring processes in Europe and in other regions with similar socioeconomic characteristics.     

某地放射性废物处置工程及其效果评价

江苏省某经济开发区发现一历史遗存的放射性物质暂存库，经多方努力，该暂存库内的放射性废物得到有效处置。介绍了处置工程的各个主要环节及其效果，并对处置中可能存在的问题进行了讨论。     

Anthropogenic influence on the water quality in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Guanabara Bay is a 384-km² coastal bay with 70% of the population of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro located within its drainage basin. The water quality of the Bay is impacted by domestic and industrial runoff, of which only 15% has been adequately treated. However, based on a 14-year monitoring program, the water quality for most of Guanabara Bay remains acceptable because of intense tidal flushing, and we failed to find a worsening of conditions during the 14-year study. The inner shallow regions of the Bay, the western and northwestern parts, receive most of the drainage from metropolitan Rio de Janeiro. It is here that the water quality is alarmingly poor, characterized by hypertrophic conditions and occasional hypoxic events. Fecal coliform counts in these inner reaches of the Bay are 4–100 times higher than the maximum acceptable count for recreational waters. Hypertrophic conditions prevail in Guanabara Bay, which is characterized by low dissolved oxygen, high biochemical oxygen demand, peaks in fecal coliform, and extremely high chlorophyll-a concentrations, which reflect high quantities of nutrients entering the system. These anthropogenic pressures are a threat to planktonic and benthic communities and are reminiscent of San Francisco Bay 30 years ago. The Guanabara Bay water quality could be returned to pre-1950 conditions, but it would require sufficient political will and economic investment to ensure that at least 80–90% of the domestic and industrial sewage were treated adequately. Electronic Publication     

医院污水处理站设计研究

以淇县人民医院污水处理站实际生产工艺流程为研究对象,全面考察了污水处理采用预处理+格栅+调节池+缺氧好氧工艺+絮凝沉淀+过滤+二氧化氯消毒工艺,污泥处理采用污泥浓缩+压滤脱水工艺的工作性能.同时系统介绍了各个处理单元的功能和设计要点,为工艺推广应用提供直接的设计依据.在此基础上,对医院污水收集、污水处理工艺选择、污水处理设施选择以及处理设施运行管理等方面进行了总结探讨.     

我国部分城市餐厨垃圾处理现状调研及建议分析

本文介绍当前我国几个城市餐厨垃圾处理项目建设及运营情况,并结合城市实际情况对餐厨垃圾处理项目建设及运营提出几点建议.     

世界中低水平放射性废物处置设施现状及启示

随着核科学的飞速发展和应用,产生了大量的放射性废物,合理、安全的处置各类放射性废物,已成为世界各国刻不容缓的研究课题。各国已建或在建了许多中低水平放射性废物处置设施,这些设施的信息分散在各国的官方报告中。研究分析这些信息将对我国放射性废物的处置具有重要意义。本文通过调研大量资料,总结了世界核反应堆的现状（数据截止到2013年）;介绍了中低水平放射性废物处置发展概况：分析了世界各国中低水平放射性废物处置设施的现状（数据截止到2011年）;并对我国的中低放废物处置提出建议。为我国全面和正确的认识放射性废物处置,有的放矢的制定发展规划和开展相关研究提供了科学依据。     

某铅锌矿采空区处理与卸压开采方案研究

900m水平似上采空区回收矿柱及900 m水平以下的巷道掘进或矿房开采时经常发生岩爆.为了安全、经济地回收矿柱并实施深部开采,在数值分析的基础上,提出了一种急倾斜矿体的采空区处理与卸压开采方法,并用ANSYS数值模拟确定了采空区处理及卸压开采的施工参数.结果表明,在下盘脉外巷道离采空区边缘的水平距离为10 m时,上盘脉外巷道离采空区边缘的水平距离取20m;在巷道底板隔断开采的深度不超过20m;必须从上、下盘脉外巷道同时向采空区围岩实施V型松动爆破;可只在上盘巷道底板进行隔断开采.该采空区处理与卸压开采方法技术可行、经济合理、简便适用.当地表允许岩体移动时这种新方法适合急倾斜、厚度大矿体的采空区处理与卸压开采;如果地表不许可岩体移动,使用这种新方法是不合适的.该采空区处理与卸压开采方法是一种采空区处理的联合法.它能够用工程爆破这一种手段实现采空区处理、应力向有利于安全生产的方向转移等多种目的.     

牡丹江流域污染源分析及治理对策研究

为全面落实水污染防治行动计划和最严格水资源管理制度,开展了牡丹江流域重要污染源调查分析.2015年,牡丹江流域共排放废水10 407万吨,COD排放26 040吨,NH3-N排放3 662吨,生活源是主要的排放源;流域内林口县污染源数量最多,海林县废水排放量、化学需氧量排放量最多;污染源主要分布在牡丹江干流,达到119个,海浪河和乌斯浑河各分布13个和36个.在污染源分析基础上,指出了流域存在的主要问题,并以"流域水质改善"为核心目标,提出了松花江流域污染治理建议.