Detection of fetal HLA-DQα sequences in maternal blood: A gender-independent technique of fetal cell identification

The objective of this study was to detect fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences in maternal blood. HLA-DQα genotypes of 70 pregnant women and their partners were determined for type A1. We specifically sought couples where the father, but not the mother, had genotype A1. In 12 women, maternal blood samples were flow-sorted. Candidate fetal cells were isolated and amplified by using PCR primers specific for a paternal HLA-DQα A1 allele. Fetal HLA-DQα A1 genotype was predicted from sorted cells; amniocytes or cheek swabs were used for confirmation. Six of twelve sorted samples had amplification products indicating the presence of the HLA-DQα A1 allele; 6/12 did not. Prediction of the fetal genotype was 100 per cent correct, as determined by subsequent amplification of amniocytes or cheek swabs. We conclude that paternally inherited uniquely fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences can be identified in maternal blood. This system permits the identification of fetal cells independent of fetal gender, and has the potential for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of paternally inherited conditions.     

腹泻性贝类毒素的分析方法研究

本文描述了腹泻性贝类毒素的的特性，给出了已知的９种毒物成分的化学结构式衣不同毒物成分的毒性大小及毒理效应，对已有的该毒素的定量分析方法，包括生物分析法和化学分析法进行了剖析，重点阐述了化学分析法中的高效液相色谱分析法，介绍了法国目前使用的腹性贝毒的预警系统，并对我国该领域的研究提出了自己的建议。     

两种共生模式之比较

在对两种共生模式—生态工业园和绿色供应链作了基本解释和案例分析后，比较了这两种模式的共性和异性，得出了它们在生态工业体系建设中具有统一性和互补性的结论，对建设城市生态工业体系提出了看法。     

Prenatal diagnosis for dystrophia myotonica using the polymerase chain reaction

The polymerase chain reaction has been used to detect an abundant class of short repeat DNA families of the form (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n, known as microsatellites. These units are found throughout the human genome and have been characterized for several loci including APOC2 on chromosome 19ql2-ql3.2. The locus APOC2 is linked to the gene for dystrophia myotonica and a microsatellite within this locus was used to derive polymorphisms in a family to predict the inheritance of the disease. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed at 151/2 weeks' gestation. Following DNA extraction from the CVS material and parental blood samples, microsatellite analysis was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction.     

Prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassaemia in Mediterranean populations by dot blot analysis with DNA amplification and allele specific oligonucleotide probes

In this study, we describe a simple strategy to detect β-thalassaemia mutations in prospective parents and to make prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies at risk in the Mediterranean population. Screening of prospective parents is carried out by dot blot analysis on enzymatically amplified DNA with a set of oligonucleotide probes complementary to the most common mutations in this population. Prenatal diagnosis is accomplished by the same procedure on enzymatically amplified amniocyte or trophoblast DNA. The main advantages of this procedure are the simplicity, sensitivity (0.05 μg of DNA), and rapidity (12–24 h). Further simplification is obtained by amplification of the DNA from crude amniotic cell lysate. The very low amount of fetal material necessary for this analysis eliminates the need to culture amniotic fluid cells and may decrease the fetal loss rate associated with trophoblast sampling. The number of specific DNA sequences obtained by the amplification procedure allowed us to use non-radioactive labelled oligonucleotide probes, which have several advantages compared to radioactive probes.     

Neutron activation method in the analysis of environmental objects

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海水和海洋沉积物中总磷的测定

系统介绍了海水和海洋沉积物中总磷的测定方法，选用Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８为氧化剂将有关形式的Ｐ转化成ＰＯ＾３－４，连同样品中原有的ＰＯ＾３－４－起用以抗坏到为还原剂的磷钼蓝法测定。方法的精密度６％，回收率为９１％－１０７％。     

皮革和毛皮加工废水处理技术

采用混凝沉淀-酸化水解-悬挂链曝气-生物接触氧化组合工艺处理皮革和毛皮加工生产废水。实验结果表明;进水COD为2400mg/L,处理后出水COD≤100mg/L,去除率≥95.8%。各项水质指标均稳定地达到了GB8978-96污水综合排放一级标准。     

中山市金属回收企业绿色供应链绩效评价研究

废旧金属资源的回收是循环经济的重要组成部分,进一步加强废旧金属回收行业的管理,对于保证资源永续、减少环境污染、节省能源、提高经济效益具有重要的意义。当前的竞争环境使金属回收企业和政府主管部门急需通过金属回收企业绿色供应链绩效评价,了解企业的绿色供应链管理状况,以适应越来越激烈的市场竞争。因而建立一个金属回收企业绿色供应链绩效评价模型不仅对绿色供应链的实践具有指导意义,而且还能对金属回收企业绿色供应链的绩效作出评价,改善其绿色供应链管理。     

Landscape Structure and Historical Processes Along Diked European Valleys: A Case Study of the Arc/Isère Confluence (Savoie, France)

/ The valleys of European piedmonts constitute changing narrow corridors within which water, matter, nutrients, energy, and species flow. The dispersion patterns of these flows have been significantly disturbed since the end of the 18th century. Thus, western European valleys have been changed into complex mosaics by implementation of socioeconomical programs. In order to define future actions allowing the preservation of this "ecocomplex" (Blandin and Lamotte 1988), it is necessary to gather precise information of the landscape dynamics. Hence, the study of the European river valleys must be based upon two major steps: (1)the analysis of the present landscape with suitable remote sensing techniques, allowing us to map the complex mosaic of narrow corridors; and (2) the analysis of temporal landscape development patterns since the first engineering works that have transformed the braided channel system. In this paper, the efficiency of the addition of two techniques is highlighted: (1) the "wavelet merging method" from multispectral and panchromatic SPOT images for the floodplain land-cover mapping, and (2) the historical reconstruction techniques from old maps and archive documents in order to analyze the cumulative impacts of engineering works on landscape diversity. To illustrate the method, a particularly complex case study is chosen: the Arc/Isere confluence (downstream from Albertville, Savoie, France). Remote sensing, field survey, and historical reconstruction allowed us to distinguish two types of spatial units: (1) the "functional sets" characterized by independent state factors (edaphic, hydrological, and topographic) and supporting a limited number of vegetation types (spontaneous or cultivated), and (2) the functional unit (= ecotope), which corresponds to a unique combination of vegetation type/functional set.KEY WORDS: Landscape ecology; Floodplains; Vegetation; Land use; Remote sensing; Historical reconstruction; Mapping; Merging methods; Human impacts; Alps; Isere river; France