Memory effect on the dioxin emissions from municipal waste incinerator in Taiwan

Evaluation of the dioxin removal efficiency of the air pollution control device (APCD) at an existing municipal waste incinerator (MWI) located in Taiwan is conducted via stack sampling and analysis. The MWI investigated is equipped with cyclones, dry lime scrubbing systems and fabric filters as APCDs. Results indicate that the patterns of dioxin isomers at APCDs' inlet and stack are similar. During the first year of carbon injection, the concentrations of emitted dioxin decreased greatly. The dioxin removal efficiency increased from 26.9% to 96.6% after injecting 115 kg/day activated carbon (AC). At the second year, the dioxin removal efficiency reaches 98.7% after injecting the same rate of AC continuously. The lower efficiency achieved with activated carbon injection (ACI) during the first year can be attributed to the memory effect, i.e. the dioxin or precursor desorbs slowly to the flue gas and increases the dioxin concentration at stack, resulting in a lower dioxin removal efficiency than expected.     

石灰湿式洗涤法脱硫的应用研究

本文介绍了石灰湿式洗涤法脱硫的改进思路 ,通过采用三级串联喷淋、低液气比和投加防垢剂等办法 ,成功解决了设备管道结垢问题。实践表明 ,该法具有工艺简单、投资省、操作简便、运行费用低、脱硫率高等特点。     

基于知识的工业项目安全设计研究

为了从源头上提高工业项目整个过程的安全绩效,基于安全知识设计的实践性、分散性和两重性等特点,对工业项目安全设计各阶段的知识流动进行阐述,提出安全设计策划、安全设计展开和安全设计评价各阶段的知识获取、存储、共享应用和创新,并应用知识管理的思想对基于安全知识的安全设计持续改进流程进行探讨。得出安全设计能有效管理并扩充安全知识数据库,供工业项目各参与方使用,并不断交流与深化改进工业项目的安全设计,使安全知识能在整个行业内广泛共享和再利用。     

A traffic safety evaluation of California's traffic violator school citation dismissal policy

Introduction

This study evaluated California's traffic violator school (TVS) citation dismissal policy.

Method

This study identified and compared two large samples of drivers either completing a TVS (N = 210,015) or convicted of a traffic citation (N = 168,563).

Results

Prior to adjudication, the TVS group had characteristics (e.g., lower prior conviction rate and smaller proportion of males) that were predictive of a lower subsequent crash risk. However, the TVS group exhibited significantly more crashes than did the convicted group in the subsequent one-year period. The difference (4.83%) increased to 10% after adjusting for the more favorable characteristics of the TVS group. The TVS group also had a higher adjusted subsequent crash rate at each prior driver record entry level, reflecting a loss in the general and specific deterrence of the non-conviction masked status of TVS dismissed citations. It was reported that the TVS dismissal policy results in approximately 12,300 additional crashes annually with economic costs of approximately $398,000,000.

Conclusions

The avoidance of licensing actions resulting from the dismissal policy assists in explaining why the driving public is exposed to an increased crash risk. A number of recommendations are offered to reduce the negative traffic safety impact of the TVS citation dismissal policy.     

关于"环境贴现率"问题的探讨

推导一个描述私人利润率和社会利润率之间的新公式。该公式涉及的２个相关的环境参数为：环境投资占国民收入的百分比（λ）;从环境投资角度出发定义的环境改善的弹性（η）。公式表明,从环境的观点出发,社会利润率或环境贴率应该随则系统地降低。此外,本文还引用了“环境阻力”的概念来论述模型的意义,同时还简要地讨论了环境阻力的计算方法。     

EDTA滴定法测定水中总硬度缓冲溶液配制的改进

针对EDTA滴定法测定水中总硬度(简称"标准法")时,存在的缓冲溶液配制繁琐、耗时长的问题,提出了缓冲溶液配制的改进方法(简称"改进法").改进法很好地克服了标准法的不足.通过地表水、地下水以及总硬度标准样品的比对测定,两法测定结果无显著差异.     

磨料磨具工厂除尘存在的问题及对策

总结了实际工作中发现的磨料磨具工厂通风除尘系统存在的问题,结合工程实际,提出了解决这些问题的改 进措施.同时对磨料磨具工厂通风除尘系统的特点做了介绍,为磨料磨具工厂通风除尘工作提供了参考依据.     

某矿通风系统的改进与优化

通过对某矿通风系统现状分析和通风参数的测定,确认该矿井下通风系统存在的主要问题是：有效风量低,污风串联和污风循环严重,导致作业点通风效果差,部分作业地点空气中CO、NO2和CO2含量超过“GB16424-1996金属非金属地下矿山安全规程”规定标准;根据测定、分析和计算,结合该矿的实际情况,提出了改善矿山通风状况的多种可行性方案,并对这些方案采用计算机通风网络解算与优化,经方案比较,提出了井下通风系统改进与优化设计的最佳方案和通风系统的管理措施。     

镇海炼化公司作业场所健康促进效果评价

对镇海炼化公司所采取的石油化工作业场所作业人员健康促进措施进行了效果评价.评价结果发现,职工职业安全卫生知识知晓率、正确态度和行为形成率有所提高,健康促进工作初见成效.     

金川集团安全生产标准化升级跨越建设途径探索与实践

针对安全生产标准化建设存在的问题,结合金川集团的实际情况,提出了"将安全生产标准化纳入企业安全文化范畴进行建设"。实现升级跨越建设的思路是围绕"零伤害"的安全生产方针,以矿山采矿盘区为单位建立安全标准化组织机构,开展"安全三区"危险源辨识和风险管控,在此基础上建立安全物质标准文化、安全管理标准文化和安全行为标准文化,结合安全文化"五阶段"塑培模式,打造安全自律型和本质安全型的标准化员工队伍,通过"匹配化"与"对标管理"的方式保证安全标准化持续改进模式。实践经验对金属非金属矿山安全生产标准化创建活动具有参考意义。