影响微生物絮凝剂产生的因素研究

本文通过改变培养基的种类、培养基的碳源、氮源、无机盐离子来选择絮凝剂产生菌“Dfjm-1”高效低廉的培养基 ;通过改变培养基初始 p H值、培养温度、培养过程中的通气量等因素 ,得出“Dfjm-1”菌株产生絮凝剂的最佳条件。Dfjm-1产生絮凝剂的最佳因素为 :培养基初始 p H值为 6.5～ 7.0 ,培养温度为 3 0℃ ,培养时间为 60小时左右 ,通气量为 :早期 :2 50 r/ min;中期 1 50 r/ min;后期 1 0 0～ 1 50 r/ min     

浦东新区城市生态问题探析

以浦东新区为个案，提出了城市开发建设较为突出的城市平衡发展、河流治理、景观规划等方面的城市生态问题，并阐述了解决方法和对策。掌握并运用生态学原理，对于城市建设和管理具有重要意义。     

复垦区景观异质性研究

景观生态学目前发展较为迅速，研究的领域也日渐广泛，不仅有理论的探讨，也有应用方面的研究，从研究领域来看，研究较多的还是农业景观，森林景观、自然保护区与国家公园。复垦区景观异质性的研究还较少见，本文就这一问题作一初步探讨。     

Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestions of thermal hydrolysis pretreated swine manure: Process performance, microbial communities and energy balance

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of swine manure (SM) commonly shows low biogas output and unsatisfactory economic performance. In this study, thermophilic AD (TAD, 50 ± 1 °C) was combined with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP, 170 °C/10 bar), to investigate its potential for maximizing biogas yield, securing successful digestion and microbial diversity, as well as improving energy balance. Four lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors were operated for 300 days and compared with each other, i.e., reactor 1 (raw SM fed in mesophilic AD: RSM-MAD), reactor 2 (THP-treated SM fed in MAD: TSM-MAD), reactor 3 (RSM-TAD), and reactor 4 (TSM-TAD). The results showed that THP was efficient to increase methane production of SM, TSM-TAD mode led to the highest methane yield (129.8 ± 40.5 mL-CH₄/g-VS/day) among the tests (p < 0.05). Although TAD was more likely to induce free ammonia (> 700 mg/L) or volatile fatty acids (> 6000 mg/L) accumulation compared with MAD in start-up phase, TSM-TAD treatment mode behaved a sustainable digestion process in a long-term operation. For TSM-TAD scenario, higher Shannon–Weaver (3.873) and lower Simpson index (0.061) indicated this mode ensured and enlarged the diversity of bacteria communities. Phylum Bathyarchaeota was dominant (59.3%−90.0%) in archaea community, followed by Euryarchaeota in the four reactors. RSM-MAD treatment mode achieved the highest energy output (4.65 GJ/day), TSM-TAD was less effective (−17.38 GJ/day) due to increased energy demands. Thus improving the energetic efficiency of THP units is recommended for the development of TSM-TAD treatment mode.     

农业生态环境中的锰元素

论述了锰元素的地球化学特征和分布，农作物与锰元素的关系以及锰元素有效态含量的制约因素：土壤的含量、土壤的酸碱度、土壤的氧化还原环境、土壤的有机质含量。     

生态建设中激励问题研究

当前中国经济快速增长很大程度是以过度消耗资源、牺牲环境为代价的.生态环境污染严重影响经济的可持续发展,生态问题制约着和谐社会的构建.生态建设已成为协调经济、社会和生态发展,走可持续发展的唯一出路.当前由于政府主导型生态建设出现众多问题,诸如生态环境脆弱、压力大,法律法规不完善,生态建设资金投入少、投入渠道单一,生态治理工程效益有待继续提高等等.因此,倡导企业、农民、专家、投资者和志愿组织、社会团体等积极参与到生态建设中来,并建立激励机制对各参与者实施相应的激励措施,使他们充分发挥能动性,更快、更好的进行生态建设.     

城市生态环境监察工作探索

1996年以来,中国确定了污染防治与生态保护并重的方针,<全国生态环境保护纲要>进一步明确了全国生态保护的目标和任务,为切实加强生态环境保护工作力度,充分体现生态环境保护"预防为主、保护优先"的原则,环境监察工作必须从单一的工业污染源监察向工业污染源监察与生态环境监察并重转变.文章在阐述城市生态环境监察概念的基础上,探讨了开展城市生态环境监察的原则、内容和方法.     

丘陵农村能源生态工程（连载）——新的生态能源开发与环境治理规划

在系统分析与初期实施的基础上，通过计算机仿真技术对后期～２０１０年提出进一步综合开发治理规划，并对规划实施的支撑条件进行了研究，这些研究丘陵农村的发展提供了具有参考意义的信息资料。     

污染物的微生物毒性检验

从文献报导的１０几种污染物毒性试验方法中，选择了脱氢酶活性、Ｍｉｃｒｏｔｏｘ毒性、微生物呼吸率、以及降解动力学等４种方法，系统地比较，研究了其表示污染物对微生物的毒性效应的灵敏性，准确性，可靠性和实用性，研究结果应用于焦化废水、染化废水与黄浦江水样的检验表明，ＭＴＸ方法能最好地反映污染物的微生物毒性，且操作简便，费时少，数据的解释也最为方便。     

Industrial ecology: a new field or only a metaphor?

In the 10 years since industrial ecology first became a topic of academic interest, it has grown as a field of inquiry and has produced a community of practice in several sectors including academia, business, and government. Even as the shape of industrial ecology becomes clearer, questions remain as to its lasting power beyond the metaphor that gave it its distinctiveness. This paper examines the development of industrial ecology and assesses its progress towards becoming a field of academic inquiry. And, in a related analysis, I look at the progress industrial ecology has made in establishing itself as an institutional (cultural) basis for action in the above sectors. Ideas like industrial ecology must become institutionalized if they are to have much effect on the reality of everyday activities.