南淝河水-沉积物中重金属的分布规律、环境评价与溯源研究

系统分析了南淝河丰水期和枯水期表层水及沉积物中As、Cd、Cr、Cu和Pb的含量,结果表明:Cd污染最为严重,表层水中Cd含量属于劣Ⅴ类地表水标准,沉积物中Cd含量超过合肥市土壤背景值,最高值达到背景值的7.5倍;单因子水质指数法评价结果显示Cd未达到水体功能区目标,其余元素基本达到了水体功能区目标,地累积指数评价结果表明各采样点污染程度在无污染到轻度污染之间,潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示各采样点均属于中度生态危害水平,3种评价结果均显示Cd是主要污染因子。主成分分析结果表明南淝河沉积物中不同时期重金属污染来源存在一定差异性和多样性。     

广东连县水足塘下石炭统的遗迹化石及其环境意义

广东连县水足塘下石炭统六个层位发育丰富的遗迹化石,遗迹大都保留于灰岩、泥灰岩中,共计有九个遗迹属及类型,它们是Zoophycos管状潜穴,Chondrites,Thalassinoides,Teichichnus?枝状潜穴,不规则状潜穴。Planolites和Ancorlchnus。其中刘家塘组下部发现管状潜穴;中上部发现Zoophycos、Thalassinoides、不规则状潜穴Chondrites、Teichichnus?及枝状潜穴,它们形成一遗迹组合;石蹬子组发现Chondrites及Ancourichnus;梓门桥组发现Zoophycos及Planolites.此组合形成于开阔台地相,成员形成于不同时的底质,分属Zoophycos和Glossifungites两个遗迹相。     

Changes of surface water pollution of Suzhou region:a case study in Taicang County, China

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江苏省海门县农村生态环境评价方法

本文采用层次分析结构模型为基础的综合评价方法，通过１０名专家对３６个指标的评分，对江苏省海门县１９９０年的农村生态环境进行了定量评价。结果表明，由于狠抓了农村生态环境综合治理，与１９８６年相比，虽然乡镇工业有了很大的发展，但农村生态环境总体上没有恶化的趋势。     

农村生态环境的保护对策

提出大力发展多模式的生态农业建设 ;改善耕地质量 ;科学种田 ;控制化学物质污染 ;合理调整农村产业结构和工业布局等环境保护对策     

Changes of surface water pollution of Suzhou region:a case study in Taicang County, China

Environmental pollution is a by-product of industrialization when economy of a region is developing. China also suffers from such a problem, especially in the southern part like Suzhou region in Jiangsu Province. In this paper, data covering situations of surface water pollution and social and economic development showed that the surface water pollution in Taicang County, a typical economic zone of Suzhou region, is significantly correlated to the economic growth of this region.     

农业区划与农业产业化

农业区划与农业产业化具有非常密切的联系。农业区划部门应当抓住中央农村工作会议关于促进农业产业化发展的机遇，深化农业区划，促进农业产业化。本文论述了农业区划与农业产业化的关系，并按照发展农业产业化的要求，提出了农业区划部门当前急需做好的主要工作。     

Sustainable development pattern and strategy in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas

The development pattern, development situation, and existing problems of land exploitation in Zigui County, Three Gorges Reservoir Areas of China were presented. The sustainable development mode and its strategy in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas was also discussed. A sustainable development framework for low mountain regions, middle mountain regions and high mountain regions was developed, and management countermeasures for structural optimization of complex ecosystems were advanced.     

Who is in the Lower Reaches, Who Suffers Disasters？ Take Minqin County, a Disappearing Oasis as a Case

Minqin Oasis is located in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River Basin, northeast of the Heixi Corridor, at the middle of the Silk Road. Because of the its existence, Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert cannot converge and develop in the south. It has always been an important green barrier to guarantee the eco-security of Hexi Corridor and the Silk Road for thousands of years. But in recent decades, Minqin Oasis is becoming smaller and the desert is becoming larger. Many people, especially the governmental officials in the lower reaches think that the upper and middle reaches have robbed the lower reaches of water resources, and caused insufficient water usage and the deteriorated eco-environment, in the lower reaches, However, the governmental officials in the upper and middle reaches claim that the whole river basin should take the upper and middle reaches as the key regions to develop economy. To address the above argument, we analyze the reasons why Minqin Oasis is disappearing, and find that there are two main factors. One is the quick development of population and economy in the upper and middle reaches; the other is the rapid development of population and economy in the lower reaches. The two factors both have great effect on the water utilization for eco-environment in the lower reaches. So Minqin Oasis is disappearing not only because of the upper and middle reaches but also because of the growth of population and economy itself. The lower reaches should not completely blame the upper and middle reaches. The upper and middle reaches should also pay more attention to the eco-environment in the lower reaches. The whole river basin should develop a harmonious and sustainable relationship among the upper, middle and lower reaches.     

云南省姚安县水土保持生态修复措施的效益研究

姚安县是“长江上中游水土保持生态修复工程”项目县，在该县的洋派河小流域修筑同样面积的4个径流小区，采取不同的生态修复措施，分别为对照地（即撂荒地）、人工补植地（人工种植澳洲金合欢）、封禁措施地、坡耕地（人工耕种的坡耕地）4种，修复中控制人类活动对自然的过度干扰和侵害，充分利用生态自我恢复能力，大面积实施生态自我修复，提高植被覆盖度减少水土流失。从植被重要值，土壤理化性质，土壤的保土保水量以及经济效益等方面进行对比分析计算，研究结果如下：生态修复后人工补植地和封禁地:①植被恢复迅速，植被覆盖度达到60%以上；②土壤的结构得到改善，封禁地全N含量最高，补植地当人工恢复达到一定年限后含N量也会增加；③土壤的保持水土量增加；④生态修复后，经济效益得到明显提高。