普伐他汀的光催化降解性能及机理研究

通过水热法合成Bi₂WO₆,并利用XPS,XRD,BET,UV-Vis和SEM等方法对样品进行了表征;通过光催化性能实验考察了Bi₂WO₆投加量,溶液pH值对普伐他汀（PR）降解效果的影响;通过自由基捕获实验及中间产物的鉴定探明了Bi₂WO₆光催化降解PR过程的主要活性自由基,中间产物及降解机理,并采用发光细菌急性毒性试验评估了PR降解前后的毒性.结果表明,所制备的Bi₂WO₆是由大量纳米片组成的正交晶系花瓣状微球,各元素物质的量比为Bi：W：O=2.5：1：6.7,比表面积为26.67m²/g,带隙能为2.74eV;光催化性能结果表明,对于10mg/L PR,当溶液pH=6.5,Bi₂WO₆投加量为0.4g/L时降解效果最佳,降解率可达80.6%,矿化度为40.2%;自由基捕获实验结果表明降解过程中h⁺起主要的氧化作用,·OH和·O₂^-的氧化起辅助作用.基于活性自由基和中间产物的鉴别结果提出了Bi₂WO₆光催化降解PR的机理,即以h⁺为主,·OH和·O₂^-为辅联合攻击PR分子中C－C键,C＝C双键,酯键等化学键,进而将其分解为易降解小分子有机物.另外,毒性测试结果表明PR经光催化降解后的小分子产物与PR原液相比毒性并没有增强.     

碳量子点掺杂氮化碳提高的光电化学阴极保护性能研究

目的研究g-C_3N_4/C-Dots-M复合材料的光电化学阴极保护性能。方法采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外可见漫反射光谱技术对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌和光吸收性能进行表征。通过电化学测试可见光照射下g-C_3N_4/C-Dots-M复合材料光电极偶联316L不锈钢后的光电化学阴极保护电流密度和电位变化曲线,研究材料的光电化学阴极保护性能。结果可见光照射下,该偶联体系的光致混合电位下降至-0.43 V(vs. Ag/AgCl),光电化学阴极保护电流密度达到4.3μA/cm。结论得益于碳量子点优异的电子传导特性,g-C_3N_4/C-Dots-550复合材料的光电化学阴极保护性能比纯g-C_3N_4的明显增强。该复合材料在光电化学阴极保护方面展现了较大的应用潜力。     

水中Mg~(2+)的测试管快速测定

研制了一种测定水中Mg2 + 的测试管 ,测定范围为 0 .5mg/L～ 2 .0mg/L。该测试管适用于现场应急监测 ,具有快速、简便、抗干扰能力强和价格低廉等特点     

环境监测业务管理系统的设计与开发

以郑州市环境监测中心站监测业务流程为例,从技术路线、系统结构设计、系统功能分析和技术实现等方面分析并介绍了环境监测业务管理系统的特点和开发时需解决的技术问题。探讨了建立基于B/S结构、J2EE技术架构、创新的组件装配方式、Oracle9i数据库、中间件和多层体系结构等多项先进技术进行系统实现的设计方案。     

焦作市区大气污染状况与防治措施

根据“九五”期间焦作市区的大气污染监测资料，对市区大气污染状况进行了分析和评价，并对其成因进行了分析，提出了一些具体的防治措施。     

Modelling of Materials Policies

This paper discusses the REAP1 model and its application for the analysis of CO₂ reduction and waste management policies for Japanese petrochemicals. The pros and cons of this modelling approach in comparison to other tools is elaborated. This is followed by a discussion of the model code and the modelling results. The results show that CO₂ policies can have significant impacts on waste flows and waste policies can have significant CO₂ benefits. As a consequence both effects must be considered in policy assessment. Pricing instruments are recommended instead of regulations because of the complex physical relations in the materials life cycle that extend beyond sector boundaries. A taxation approach is superior to a subsidy approach because rebound effects can be avoided.     

Preliminary air pollution monitoring in San Miguel, Buenos Aires

Passive diffusion samplers were employed in San Miguel(Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area) for a preliminary airpollution monitoring. The highest loads were observedin downtown, compared with an urban background site.Total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) varied from0.257 to 0.033 mg cm^-2 month^-1; dust was examinedfor particle nature and size distribution. A similartrend was observed for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) andTSPM spatial distribution, suggesting that traffic isthe major pollution source. Sulphur dioxide (SO₂)values were low and rather homogeneous. Levels for theinvestigated pollutants are below EPA's guide linevalues. Geographic (flat area, near to Rio de LaPlata) and climatologic factors (rainfalls andvariable wind directions) contribute to disperse pollutants.     

采样系统中金属氧化物对SO2测定值影响分析

通过实验与实际工程相结合，定量描述了大气采样系统中金属氧化物的存在对ＳＯ２测定值的影响，并阐述了其反应机理，提出了相应措施。     

两种培养基对饮水机出水中细菌总数的测定效果比较

采用营养琼脂培养基和R2A Agar培养基对上海某高校及其附属小学公用饮水机出水细菌总数变化规律进行了测试分析比较。结果表明,在洁净饮用水受微生物微污染情况下,R2A Agar培养基更适合这种贫营养环境中的微生物的培养,比营养琼脂培养基具有更好的灵敏度。     

Modeling photocatalytic destruction of the organic contaminants in continuous stir flow reactor

Thin-film technique is becoming an industry standard for the preparation of TiO₂-based photocatalyst for organic destruction. The catalyst provides several advantages over the conventional powder TiO₂ in the treatment of wastewater and groundwater. In this study, a continuous stir flow reactor model is developed capable of describing the photocatalytic process. The model incorporates the following fundamental mechanisms: adsorption, diffusion, liquid-film transfer, UV attenuation, and photocatalytic reaction. All of the simulation results indicate that there exists a highly nonlinear relation between each of these parameters and the destruction rate. Various incident light intensities also are incorporated to simulate the energy efficiency. The simulations illustrate that the photocatalytic model can be used to elucidate the effect of process variables. It is also possible to “custom-design” a catalyst for the treatment of a particular waste stream.