Arsenic accumulation and resistance mechanism in Panax notoginseng, a traditional rare medicinal herb

Panax notoginseng, a traditional rare Chinese medicinal herb, was recently found to bring health risk to consumers, mainly because soil in its major plantation area was contaminated by arsenic (As). We investigated the effect of soil As pollution on the growth and As uptake of pot-cultured P. notoginseng, and the associated mechanisms of As stressed response. Results showed that, comparing with P. notoginseng growing in a low-As soil, the root, stem, and leaf biomasses of those growing in a high-As soil significantly reduced by 0.75, 0.09 and 0.21 g seedling⁻¹, respectively. Arsenic concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of the seedlings growing in high-As soil were 22, 15 and 3 times higher than those growing in low-As soil, respectively. Regardless of the soil As concentration, As existed in plants mainly as As(III), suggesting that the reduction of As(V) is a key step in As metabolism. Arsenic was distributed primarily in cell walls (51.7% for plants growing in the low-As soil, and 51.5% in the high-As soil), followed by cytoplasm supernatant, with cell organelles containing the least As. Compared with plants growing in the low-As soil, those in the high-As soil had increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in their roots, stems, and leaves, which would be associate with improving the resistance of P. notoginseng to As stress. The results suggest that there exists some special mechanisms of As-tolerance in P. notoginseng and the study is of significance in developing measures to reduce As in the herb.     

三七及种植土壤重金属污染特征与风险评价

以主产地云南省文山州三七及其种植土壤为研究对象,测定土壤和三七地上和地下部重金属镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)含量,揭示三七对重金属的吸收转运特征,通过分析重金属日摄入量(ADI)和靶标危害商数(THQ),评估三七中Cd、As、Pb的食品安全风险和人体健康风险.结果表明:种植土壤Cd、As含量为0.07～4.1和13.9～310mg/kg,超标率为63.2%和79%,Pb未超标;综合污染指数P>3,均值3.52,表明达重度污染等级;Cd、As单因子污染指数P_Cd/As>1的土壤样品占比为63.2%和84.2%,表明土壤Cd、As达轻度污染等级.三七地上和地下部Cd、As、Pb含量分别为0.05～0.69、0.07～0.73,0.25～1.06、0.09～1.73和0.12～1.13、0.07～0.66mg/kg dw,Cd超标率为26.3%～36.8%,As、Pb无超标,表明三七易吸收Cd且存在超标现象,需重点关注.三七Cd含量与土壤Cd含量呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),As、Pb表现为负相关,生物浓缩因子BCF_Cd=...     

药用植物三七对土壤中砷的累积特征及其健康风险

三七[Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen]是我国传统珍贵草本药用植物.通过野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了云南文山三七种植区土壤砷污染现状,揭示了三七对土壤中砷的吸收转运规律并分析其健康威胁.结果表明,所调查的三七种植区土壤砷含量范围为6.9～242.0 mg·kg-1,其中,48%...