丁二腈高效降解菌的筛选及其降解性

以丁二腈为唯一碳源和氮源,从石化腈纶废水及其处理构筑物的生物膜中,分离、筛选出2株高效降解丁二腈的菌株:J-1-3和J-13-1.经形态学观察和生理生化特征研究,两者均被鉴定为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas spp.).通过摇瓶试验得出2菌株的最适生长条件:温度为30℃,摇床转速(间接反映通气量)为250 r/min,接种量为0.1%,初始pH为6.在最适生长条件下,分别对不同初始浓度丁二腈进行降解率试验.结果表明,2菌株对丁二腈的降解能力强,尤以J-13-1更为显著.当丁二腈的初始浓度约为6000mg/L、8000mg/L和10000mg/L时,J-13-1菌株对丁二腈的降解率分别在12.5h、14h和16h时达到100%.     

表面增强拉曼散射技术鉴别大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌的研究

以整个大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌为研究对象,通过和纳米银颗粒混合制片,利用表面增强拉曼效应检测并区分大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌.结果表明,未与纳米银颗粒混合的大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌没有明显的拉曼信号,而与纳米银颗粒混合后有明显的拉曼信号,二者有明显的区别,且重现性良好,可为鉴别大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌病原体研究及实际应用提供依据.     

Risk Assessment and Management of Contamination of Eels (Anguilla Spp.) By Persistent Xenobiotic Organochlorine Compounds

Contaimination of anguillid eels by organochlorine pesticides and PCBs is reviewed using a risk assessment-management approach. Quantitative structure-activity relationships, biomonitoring of body residues and field and laboratory studies demonstrate hazards and risks of persistence; organic carbon binding, sediment transport and sinks; volatility, aerial transport and deposition; hydrophobicity/lipophilicity, bioaccumulation, bioconcentration and dietary biomangification. Risks of acute narcotic toxicity are generally lower than those of chornic effects. Cause-effect relationships and critical loadings are, however, unclear. Critical environmental and body residue levels to protect eels and animal and humans consumption must be formulated and interpreted with caution. Risks for eels at different life-stages and in different habitats are compared with respect to routes of uptake, elimination, bioaccumulation and biomagnification. It is concluded that organochlorine contamination has not been a major cause of recent declines in eel recruitment. the use of eels in biomonitoring and biomarker studies are recommended. Appropriate methodologies and uses in risk assessment and management are discussed.     

黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草的分布面积与扩展速度

2005年和2007年,对黄河三角洲外来入侵种米草的引种历史、分布面积及扩展速度进行了社会调查、实地勘察和测量,结果表明:小清河口大米草(Spartina anglica)于1985年引种,现已发展到42.77 hm~2,年均扩展0.39～0.40倍;无棣套儿河口大米草于1987年引种,现已发展到0.23 hm~2,年均扩展0.35～0.36倍;东营市仙河镇五号桩互花米草(S.alterniflora)和大米草于1990年引种,现已发展到571.59 hm~2,年均扩展0.52～0.53倍.以五号桩互花米草和大米草扩展速度最快,小清河口大米草扩展速度次之,与米草分布区的生态环境有关.     

太湖冬季军团菌（Legionella spp．）的分布和多样性

军团菌（Legionellas pp．）广泛存在于各种水体中,对人类的健康造成了一定的安全隐患．为了解太湖在冬季是否存在军团菌,以及它的分布和多样性,本研究于2010年2月,在全太湖32个点位采样,使用巢式PCR对样品中军团菌进行检测,并用变性梯度凝胶电泳（denaturing gradient gel eletrop...     

虫草头孢菌发酵废液成分分析及其再利用

利用高效液相色谱法、氨基酸自动分析法和分光光谱法对虫草头抱菌发酵液成分进行了测定和分析,发现内含多种营养成分,完全有可能再次利用．用由该发酵液经加热、加活性炭和中药添加剂处理制备而成的组合培养液来培养哈茨木霉,具有产孢量高、培养成本低的优点．试验还发现,以组合培养液和麦麸为主要成分的新型固体培养基完全可以代替纯麦麸培养基．