城市大气污染物浓度预测模糊识别理论与模型

根据大气污染物的浓度具有模糊性且与多种指标相关的特点，提出对其进行预测的模糊识别理论与模型，并以二氧化硫为例，由２５个预测点大气中ＳＯ２浓度和相关指标的实测资料，利用上述理论与模型得出最优模糊预测参数，并对其它５个观测点的ＳＯ２浓度进行了预测检验。     

Optimising the environmental benefits of emission reductions from UK coal- and oil-fired power stations: a critical loads approach

This paper describes a method for determining reductions of SO₂ emissions from coal- and oil-fired power stations, oil refineries and large industrial units in the UK taking into account their pollution potential. The method is based on the use of two gridded data sets: critical loads, which represent the sensitivity of the environment to acid deposition and modelled estimates of total (wet + dry) sulphur deposition for 646 point sources within the UK. An iterative method is used to identify and subsequently reduce emissions from point sources that contribute most to areas of critical loads exceedance. This paper demonstrates how the method may be used to determine an optimal allocation of emissions across the UK which yields the maximum amount of environmental protection per unit of emission.The paper then goes on to consider the changes that will have to take place within the UK power generation industry in order to meet the revised EC Large Combustion Plant Directive which comes into force on 1 January 2008. Particular emphasis is placed upon proposed emissions trading schemes and the environmental implications of allowing trading between stations with high and low pollution potentials. The paper concludes by suggesting that the emissions trading process should take into account the pollution potential of each source, irrespective of whether the proposed emission is within the plant's agreed emission limit. An approach based entirely on minimizing environmental damage rather than one which takes cost into account, as in current integrated assessment modelling, could provide an interesting approach across the rest of Europe.     

目前环境污染治理存在的问题及对策

本文论述了目前环境污染治理技术及其在应用中存在的问题。由于环境污染治理技术本身的局限性以及人们观念等原因 ,目前的环境污染治理存在一定的局限性 ,如何认识并克服它成为一个不容忽视的问题 ;并提出有实施污染治理过程中 ,必须用持续发展的理论进行指导 ,将污染物的污染防治战略转变为污染防止战略即“清洁生产”战略     

复合诱变菌处理氨氮废水

采用诱变技术对微生物菌种进行了诱变处理，分别研究了紫外线诱变菌、硫酸二乙酯（DES）诱变菌和复合诱变菌对含氨废水的降解性能。结果表明，复合诱变后获得的变异菌株Z5对含氨废水中NH4^ -N的去除率比单独采用紫外线或DES诱变后获得的菌株有明显的提高。混合菌种对化肥行业废水中COD的NH4^ -N的去除率可以达到95%～98%，出水能达到行业一级排放标准。     

沈阳市机动车尾气的污染影响和控制对策

本文就沈阳市机动车尾气的污染现状,从法制建设、技术措施、民众参与等几个方面提出了尾气污染的控制对 策。     

上海市扬尘污染源遥感解译及其管理信息系统

利用遥感影像资料,分析了上海市扬尘污染源的空间分布特征与规律,并计算了上海市主要扬尘源的起尘量。利用获取的基础数据,建立了上海市扬尘污染源管理地理信息系统,为上海市扬尘污染源的控制管理提供了依据。     

略论中国绿色社区建设

绿色社区建设在中国刚刚起步 ,这是一种全新的发展理念、发展目标和发展模式 ,是实施可持续发展战略的现实要求 ,是加快中国城市化进程的必然选择 ,是全面建设小康社会的重要内涵 ,是创造绿色文明的热切呼唤。建设绿色社区具有重要的理论指导意义和实践示范作用。     

产酸脱硫反应器中COD/SO_4~(2-)比制约的群落生态演替规律

通过产酸脱硫反应器的动态试验和配套的静态试验 ,考察致变因子COD/SO2 - 4比制约的乙酸型顶极群落的结构、优势种群的组成和生态演替的规律 ;阐明乙酸型代谢和乙酸型顶极群落是产酸脱硫生态系统的典型特征 ;揭示乙酸型顶极群落内平衡与反馈调节的生理代谢机制 ,并以因变因子 pH值、氧化还原电位和碱度来表征生态演替过程中优势种群的三维实现生态位     

建筑施工噪声污染及其防治对策

对建筑施工噪声主要污染源的组成进行了分析和评述 ,并提出了相应的防治措施     

沈阳市大气污染防治对策

本文根据沈阳市的大气污染现状，分析了大气污染形成的原因和特点及影响大气环境质量的主要因素，确定了大气环境质量目标。并提出了近期和２０００年的大气污染防治对策．