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The recycling reverse osmosis(RO) membrane concentrate of some high-ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N) organic wastewater to the biological unit could cause potassium ion(K+) accumulation, thereby affecting the removal of NH4+-N by activated sludge. Thus, the effects of high K+ stress on activated sludge nitrification performance was studied. The results showed that the high K+ stress promoted the floc sludge to produce more extr... 相似文献
53.
This paper uses a public health approach to examine briefly: (a) the progress of universal salt iodisation (USI) in Sudan; (b) the roles of the main actors involved; and (c) the main issues around accelerating USI. The literature, especially that coming from the UN agencies, is analysed and experiences from the recently revitalised USI programme, and related relevant meetings, are distilled. In Sudan the prevalence of goitre is 22 per cent. It is assumed that productivity among the people affected is reduced by 5–25 per cent. Little apparent progress has been made with USI. The Government of Sudan, UN multilateral agencies, international consultative groups, bilateral agencies, global and national non-governmental organisations and, increasingly, the private sector must work together to find innovative approaches to increase awareness of the broader social, public health and nutritional contexts, and to advocate for increased national nd international funding. 相似文献
54.
用氟化钾水溶液从制药废液中回收异丙醇的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用普通精馏与加盐分相技术回收异丙醇。测定了异丙醇-水-氟化钾体系在恒温(40℃)时的液-液相平衡数据,并用Pitzer理论和Wilson方程对液-液相平衡数据进行了理论计算。结果表明:计算值与实验值符合良好;采用氟化钾水溶液回收异丙醇,当60.0%氟化钾浓溶液与50%异丙醇-50%水的物料的质量比为2.0时,有机相中异丙醇的纯度可达95.62%(质量百分数),水相中氟化钾稀溶液经蒸发回收后循环使用不影响分离性能。采用以上技术从制药废液中回收异丙醇,每年可获经济效益342万元。 相似文献
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氮促进亚种间杂交稻的分蘖和对磷、钾的吸收,钾也能促进氮、磷的吸收,但对分蘖似有抑制的趋势。稻株各生育期氮、磷、钾含量以分蘗盛期最高。随后迅速下降,至幼穗形成期下降速率减缓。齐穗后,累积在茎、叶的氮、磷大部分向穗部转移,而钾则很少运送到穗部。每生产100kg稻谷约需吸收1.71kg N、0.77kg P_2O_5、2.30kg K_2O,三者比例为1:0.45:1.35。氮、钾配合施用的增产效果大于单施氮或钾的效果;在施用量为82.5kg N ha~(-1)和75.0kg K_2O ha~(-1)的基础上,增施氮肥或钾肥,其增产效果相近,表明在施用适量氮肥的前提下,亚种间杂交稻对钾的反应甚为敏感。 相似文献
58.
海藻酸钠-钙-铁凝胶球对Cr_2O_7~(2-)吸附的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验对海藻酸钠在氯化钙、氯化铁溶液中的成球特性,以及对SA-Ca、SA-Fe、SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球吸附Cr2O72-特性进行了研究。结果表明,SA-Ca凝胶球对Cr2O72-没有吸附能力,SA-Fe和SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球对Cr2O72-去除率均达到97%以上,但SA-Fe凝胶球成球性差,机械强度低,易碎。SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球吸附Cr2O72-符合Langmuir型,其最大吸附量为13.497mg/g。吸附属于单分子层吸附,凝胶球网络中的Fe3+与溶液中Cr2O72-发生化学反应,生成Fe2(Cr2O7)3。 相似文献
59.
Increasing use of wood fuels for energy production in Finland since the 1990s implies that large quantities of the generated ashes will be available for forest fertilization. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of wood ash application on 137Cs activity concentrations in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles and certain berries and mushrooms on drained peatlands. The study was based on field experiments carried out on two mires in Finland in 1997-1998. Two different types of wood ash were applied at dosages of 3500, 3700, 10 500 and 11 100 kg ha−1. Wood ash did not increase 137Cs activity concentration in plants in the second growing season following application. On the contrary, a decrease in 137Cs activity concentration was seen in the plants of the ecosystem on drained peatlands. This result is of importance, for instance, when recycling of ash is being planned. 相似文献
60.
Simultaneous removal of phosphorus and potassium from synthetic urine through the precipitation of magnesium potassium phosphate hexahydrate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study investigated the simultaneous removal of P and K from synthetic urine through the precipitation of magnesium potassium phosphate hexahydrate (MPP, MgKPO4·6H2O) in bench-scale experiments. Results show that the removal efficiencies of P and K are mainly determined by the solution pH and the molar ratio of Mg:K:P. Co-precipitation of struvite-type compounds, i.e., magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MAP, MgNH4PO4·6H2O), magnesium sodium phosphate heptahydrate (MSP, MgNaPO4·7H2O), and MPP, was confirmed by analysis of the solid precipitates using a Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Apparatus and an X-ray Diffractometer. The co-precipitation significantly influenced the removal of K. As much ammonium as possible should be removed prior to MPP precipitation because MAP had higher tendency to form than MPP. The inevitable co-precipitation of MPP and MSP resulted in the addition of more MgCl2·6H2O and Na2HPO4·12H2O to obtain the high removal of K. In total, the removal efficiencies of P and K were 77% and 98%, respectively, in the absence of ammonium when pH was 10 and the molar ratio of Mg:K:P was 2:1:2. The results indicate that the MPP precipitation is an efficient method for the simultaneous removal of P and K to yield multi-nutrient products. 相似文献