氨基酸厂废水对土壤—植物系统影响的研究

莴苣盆栽试验表明,氨基酸厂废水在适宜浓度下,可以提高蔬菜的鲜嫩度和维生素C、可溶性糖的含量,并使全氯和硝酸盐的含量限定在卫生标准之内;同时又不会使土壤原有性质产生破坏。废水在紫色土上的最适浓度为1:80(废水与清水体积比,下同),但它在作物生长前期表现为毒害作用与低浓度促进作用并存,且以毒害作用为主,直到后期才表现出营养肥效作用。     

Photobiological production of hydrogen by the waste water treatment with anaerobic photosynthetic Purple bacteria

In this paper selected references about experience gained with photosynthetic bacteria in anaerobic process for either water treatment or hydrogen production are given. In particular experimental data about the hydrogen evolution rate, hydrogen yield and substrate efficiency in relationship to the nutrient conditions as well as about the behavior of some different species are presented. The limiting role of the nitrogen source is being discussed.     

Mg improves biomass production from soybean wastewater using purple non-sulfur bacteria

Soybean wastewater was used to generate biomass resource by use of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). This study investigated the enhancement of PNSB cell accumulation in wastewater by Mg^2 + under the light-anaerobic condition. Results showed that with the optimal Mg^2 + dosage of 10 mg/L, biomass production was improved by 70% to 3630 mg/L, and biomass yield also was improved by 60%. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal reached above 86% and hydraulic retention time was shortened from 96 to 72 hr. The mechanism analysis indicated that Mg^2 + could promote the content of bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthesis because Mg^2 + is the bacteriochlorophyll active center, and thus improved adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. An increase of ATP production enhanced the conversion of organic matter in wastewater into PNSB cell materials (biomass yield) and COD removal, leading to more biomass production. With 10 mg/L Mg^2 +, bacteriochlorophyll content and ATP production were improved by 60% and 33% respectively.     

南京钟山风景区对主城环境空气质量的影响

详细监测了钟山风景区环境空气质量现状,利用大气污染扩散模型的扩散模拟,从地形方面研究了钟山风景区对主城大气污染物输送扩散的影响。结果表明,钟山风景区使得主城大气污染物不易扩散,易在主城区附近积累,加重主城区的大气污染。     

固定化PSB细胞技术研究及应用

采用吸附法及聚集－交联固定化紫色非硫光合细菌混合菌株(PSB),用于处理印染废水及含酚废水。PSB在光照厌氧条件下,易于吸附在吸时性能强、表面粗糙、多孔的载体上,并能承受较强水力冲刷。聚集－交联PSB固定化细胞经解毒活化后,酶活性增高,脱氢酶活力高于自然细胞1～1．5倍,脱色速度增快30％。      

Biomonitoring of traffic-related nitrogen oxides in the Maurienne valley (Savoie, France), using purple moor grass growth parameters and leaf N/N ratio

Effects of traffic-related nitrogenous emissions on purple moor grass (Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench) transplants, used here as a new biomonitoring species, were assessed along 500 m long transects orthogonal to roads located in two open areas in the Maurienne valley (French Alps). Leaves were sampled during summer 2004 and 2005 for total N-content and ¹⁵N-abundance determination while nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂) concentrations were determined using passive diffusion samplers. A significant and negative correlation was observed between plant total N-content, and ¹⁵N-abundance and the logarithm of the distance to the road axis. The strongest decreases in plant N parameters were observed between 15 and 100 m from road axis. They were equivalent to background levels at a distance of about 800 m from the roads. In addition, motor vehicle pollution significantly affected vegetation at road edge, as was established from the relationship between leaf ¹⁵N-abundance, total N-content and road traffic densities.     

复配修饰黏土对四环素的吸附及其应用探究

分别采用十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)对十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱(BS-12)修饰高岭土(K)进行复配修饰,以批处理法探究其对紫色土(PS)吸附四环素(TC)的影响.结果表明:TC吸附是自发、吸热和熵增的反应,各供试材料对TC的吸附均符合Langmuir模型,且相同条件下60％复配修饰效果更佳....     

紫色土锌镉复合污染效应与机理研究

采用盆栽试验结合野外调查，研究紫色土锌镉复合污染对莴笋、蕃茄、甘兰、小麦等的作物效应与原因。结果表明，锌镉复合污染加剧锌的毒害作用，但缓解镉毒性，其原因在于：低浓度镉促进锌吸收、高浓度锌抑制镉吸收。土壤锌镉复合对二价离子的竞争效应也影响其生态效应。     

两性修饰红薯渣对紫色土吸附Cu2+的影响

采用十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱对红薯渣（R）做两性修饰,修饰比例分别为0、100%和200%,将得到的3种两性修饰红薯渣（R、100BS-R和200BS-R）以1%质量分数加入紫色土（PS）中,制成PS（对照）、PSR、PS100BS-R和PS200BS-R 4种混合土样。用批量处理法探究各供试土样对Cu2+的吸附等温特征,并考察温度、pH值和离子浓度对Cu2+吸附的影响。结果表明：各混合土样对Cu2+的吸附等温线均符合Langmuir模型,最大吸附量为99.46 mmol/kg~136.53 mmol/kg,Cu2+吸附量呈现PS200BS-R>PS100BS-R>PSR>PS的趋势。温度和pH值升高均有利于Cu2+被吸附,当离子浓度为01 mol/L时吸附效果最佳。