近年来渤海湾赤潮监控区营养盐变化及其结构特征分析

根据2004~2006年进行的连续监测结果,分析、探讨了渤海湾赤潮监控区表层海水营养盐的污染现状、变化规律及其结构特征。结果表明:近年来,渤海湾赤潮监控区海域受到了DIP、DIN污染,水体处于严重的富营养化状态,且DIN的污染程度明显高于DIP;除个别项目外,渤海湾赤潮监控区以S4站营养盐含量最高,原因是S4站靠近河口,大量生活污水排放所致;在赤潮多发期,表层海水N、P、Si含量存在明显的月变化特征。6月份营养盐含量最低,8月份最高。年际变化表明:NH4-N的年际变化最为明显,表现为逐年递减的趋势,而SiO3-Si的年际变化最小。赤潮监控区DIN一直处于热力学平衡状态,NO3-N占DIN含量的57%~78%。近年来DIN/PO4-P和SiO3-Si/PO4-P逐年增加,而SiO3-Si/DIN则逐年降低。     

Treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 by zero-valent iron/activated carbon combined with microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite

A comparative study of treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 using zero-valent iron/activated carbon (ZVI/AC), microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite (MDEL/NaClO) and the combination of ZVI/ACMDEL/ NaClO was conducted. The preliminary results showed the two steps method of ZVI/AC-MDEL/NaClO had much higher degradation e ciency than both single steps. The final color removal percentage was nearly up to 100% and the chemical oxygen demand reduction percentage was up to approximately 82%. The e ects of operational parameters, including initial pH value of simulated wastewater, ZVI/AC ratio and particle size of ZVI were also investigated. In addition, from the discussion of synergistic e ect between ZVI/AC and MEDL/NaClO, we found that in the ZVI/AC-MEDL/NaClO process, ZVI/AC could break the azo bond firstly and then MEDL/NaClO degraded the aromatic amine products e ectively. Reversing the order would reduce the degradation e ciency.     

基于系统动力学模型的徐州市水资源承载力研究

本文运用系统动力学原理,构建了徐州市水资源承载力系统SD模型。并利用该模型,研究徐州市水资源承载力在不同发展方案下的变化趋势。最终得出开源、节流、治污并举的综合方案是徐州市水资源可持续发展利用的最优方案,同时指出开源措施对徐州市水资源承载力提高效果最为明显。并有针对性的提出提高徐州水资源承载力的建议与措施。     

A new efficient azo dye-decolorizing bacterium Paenibacillus dendritiformis GGJ7 and its decolorization process北大核心CSCD

This paper aimed to find an efficient bacterium for decolorizing azo dyes. A strain which could decolorize Congo Red efficiently was isolated from Congo Red. The strain was identified as Paenibacillus dendritiformis GGJ7 (GGJ7, in short) by 16S rRNA gene sequence (NCBI accession No. KY655213). Strain GGJ7 was applied to the decolorization of azo dyes in this research, and influencing factors of decolorization were investigated, including diverse nutritional conditions, culture conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen conditions), and various dyes. The results demonstrated that the decolorization rate of Congo Red by strain GGJ7 was much higher than that of the other eight strains (e.g., YRJ1, YRJ2 etc.) in our previous work. The optimal conditions for Congo Red decolorization were 25 g/L LB broth as nutrient source, 30 °C, pH 7, and an anaerobic environment. The mechanism of decolorization was mainly biodegradation, and the decolorization process of strain GGJ7 was conformed to the first-class kinetics model: -ln (At /A0) = 0.6058t - 0.1082. For different azo dyes, the decolorization rate was up to 95%. Strain GGJ7 only needed 1 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Methyl Orange, 25 mg/L Croceine Scarlet, and 25 mg/L Methyl Red, needed 3 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Orange G and 50 mg/L Orange G6, and needed 4 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Congo Red. In summary, strain GGJ7 is an efficient azo dye-decolorizing bacterium, and it has a potential application in treating printing and dyeing wastewater. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

旅游城镇化背景下沿海小镇的土地利用空间格局演变与驱动机制研究——以大连市金石滩国家旅游度假区为例

研究以多时序土地利用、遥感数据为基础,通过GIS技术结合土地利用动态度、空间叠置与转置模型分析1992-2009 年大连金石滩国家旅游度假区土地利用空间格局演变及驱动机制。研究表明:①土地利用数量变化模式呈现耕地面积大量减少,建设用地迅速增加:1992-2009 年各土地利用类型单一动态度中耕地减少速度最快,为4.66%;建设用地增加最快,为21.32%;耕地大部分转移为建设用地,1992-2009 年耕地转向建设用地的面积为891.35 hm²,占总耕地转移面积的54.76%;旅游用地面积增加了425.35 hm²,占建设用地增长面积的27.69%;②建设用地空间扩展呈现出沿交通干线和海岸线分布,且主要集中在龙山村、满家滩和陈家村的南部交通干线区域,并从该区域不断向周围地区扩张;③与非旅游城镇相比,金石滩逐步从原有单一土地利用类型向旅游主导的复合型用地转变,在“政府”、“企业”和“居民”三个主体影响下,经历了以“自然保护为主-旅游开发为主-保护为前提适度开发”的演化历程。     

光-Fenton/TiO2催化氧化法降解酸性红B的研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2,将TiO2与Fenton试剂联合用来处理酸性红B模拟废水,研究了在紫外光条件下的降解效果,确定最佳反应条件.实验结果表明,采用TiO2与Fenton试剂联合的方式对酸性红B染料废水进行处理,其降解效果明显优于单一使用TiO2和Fenton法的处理方式.对于初始浓度为100 mg/L的酸性红B模拟染料废水,在TiO2投加量为1 g/L,pH为3,Fe2+为0.15 mmol/L,H2O2为1mmol/L,UV光照时间为60 min时,脱色率可达最佳.     

我国环境空间规划制度的研究进展

建立严格的环境空间管控制度,可以破解现阶段城市出现的一系列复合型、区域性和格局性环境问题,对从源头促进"人-城市-自然"和谐发展具有重要意义。为全面梳理环境空间规划制度和弥补其研究发展中的不足,对以环境功能区划、城市环境总体规划和生态保护红线制度为代表的环境空间规划制度的理论、技术与实践进行了较为全面的分析,对现有研究和未来探索提出展望,以期为以环境质量改善和风险防范为指导的环境空间规划制度提供理论依据和实践管理经验,从而全面引导城市的健康可持续发展。     

耐盐菌GTY对偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B的脱色研究

为了选择耐盐菌GTY对偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B的最佳脱色条件,研究了不同环境条件对脱色效果的影响,结果表明耐盐菌GTY对偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B有较好的脱色效果,能够适应较宽范围的pH值以及污染物负荷,当pH值在7～9之间,活性艳红X-3B初始浓度在600mg/L以下,GTY菌液生长期在对数末期时脱色效果达到最佳状态,24h脱色率能达到90%左右。同时考察了GTY的不同初始接菌量对活性艳红X-3B脱色的影响,结果发现高的初始接菌量可以提高脱色速率,但是一定时间后,初始接菌量对最终脱色效果并无太大影响,兼顾节约成本和脱色效果选择最佳初始接菌量为5%。     

我国海洋资源开发利用综合效益评价研究

研究构建了我国海洋资源开发利用综合效益评价的指标体系,采用全排列多边形图示指标评价方法,对我国海洋资源开发利用综合效益状况进行了定量评价。结果表明,综合指数在2006年为0.381,在2009年为0.508。评价方法避免了目前评价研究中的弊病,既减少了主观随意性又反映了系统整合原理。     

Precise regulation of acid pretreatment for red mud SCR catalyst: Targeting on optimizing the acidity and reducibility

• The optimum SCR activity was realized by tuning the acid pretreatment. • Optimized catalysts showed NO_x conversion above 90%. • The NH₃ and NO adsorption capacity of Al-O₃-Fe is stronger than Fe-O₃-Fe. • The formation of almandine consumes Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺ and weakens their interaction. Red mud (RM), as an alkaline waste, was recently proved to be a promising substitute for the SCR catalyst. Dealkalization could improve the acidity and reducibility of red mud, which were critical for SCR reaction. However, the dealkalization effect depended on the reaction between acid solution and red mud. In this study, we realized the directional control of the chemical state of active sites through tuning the acid pretreatment (dealkalization) process. The pretreatment endpoint was controlled at pH values of 3–5 with diluted nitric acid. When the pH values of red mud were 3 and 5 (CRM-3 and CRM-5), activated catalysts showed NO_x conversion above 90% at 275°C–475°C. The high initial reaction rate, Ce³⁺/(Ce³⁺ + Ce⁴⁺) ratio, and surface acidity accounted for the excellent SCR performance of CRM-5 catalyst. Meanwhile, more Fe³⁺ on the CRM-3 surface improved the NH₃ adsorption. There was a strong interaction between Al and Fe in both CRM-5 and CRM-3 catalysts. DFT results showed that the adsorption capacity of the Al-O₃-Fe for NH₃ and NO is stronger than that of Fe-O₃-Fe, which enhanced the NO_x conversion of the catalyst. However, the almandine was formed in CRM-4, consumed part of Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺, and the interaction between Al and Fe was weakened. Also, deposited almandine on the catalyst surface covered the active sites, thus leading to lower NH₃-SCR activity.