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71.
72.
油气田开发与炼化企业硫化氢危害分析与预防 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了油田开发和炼油化工生产过程中H2S的分布区域、特点及危害.通过对66起H2S中毒事故的分析,指出在设备及管线的吹扫、堵漏、拆卸、安装作业过程中较易发生H2S中毒事故;事故主要是由于违章及误操作以及对H2S的毒害认识不够、安全意识差引起的.从管理措施、技术支持、人员培训、应急救援等方面提出了预防H2S中毒的措施. 相似文献
73.
The degradation of fulvic acid(FA) by nanoparticle TiO2 in a submerged membrane photocatalysis(SMPC) reactor was studied. In this reactor, photocatalytic oxidation and membrane separation co-occured. The continuous air supplier provided O2 for the photocatalytical reaction and mixed the solution through an airflow controller. The particle TiO2 could automatically settle due to gravity without particle agglomeration so it could be easily separated by microfiltration(MF) membrane. It was efficient to maintain high flux of membranes. The effects of operational parameters on the photocatalytic oxidation rate of FA were investigated. Results indicated that photocatalyst at 0.5 g/L and airflow at 0.06 m^3/h were the optimum condition for the removal of fulvic acid, the removal efficiency was higher in acid media than that in alkaline media. The effects of different filtration duration on permeate flux rate of MF with P25 powder and with nanoparticle TiO2 were compared. Experimental results indicated that the permeate flux rate of MF was improved and the membrane fouling phenomenon was reduced with the addition of nanoparticle TiO2 catalyst compared with conventional P25 powder. Therefore, this submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor can faciliate potential application of photocatalytic oxidation process in drinking water treatment. 相似文献
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基于营养液培养,添加外源稀土和ICP-MS分析技术,研究了无机配体PO43-(Pi)及有机配体柠檬酸(Cit)对小麦器官中稀土元素积累和分异的影响.结果表明,不同Pi水平对小麦根中的稀土总含量(∑REE)影响较小,但显著降低叶中∑REE含量;而不同Cit水平对小麦根、叶中∑REE含量都有明显降低作用.对照植物(无Pi、Cit添加)中,稀土元素在小麦根中具有中稀土(MREE)富集及M-型四重效应分布特征,叶中有重稀土(HREE)富集及W-型四重效应分布特征.不同Pi处理对四重效应无明显作用,但进一步加强HREE在小麦叶片中的富集.添加柠檬酸使对照植物根和叶中的分异有逐渐减弱的趋势,在高浓度处理时(Cit≥150μmol.L-1),小麦根和叶中出现轻稀土(LREE)富集. 相似文献
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研究了以固定相TiO2为催化剂光催化降解垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物的可行性。试验了制备TiO2膜的适宜条件以及光照时间等各种因素对COD的去除率和UV335脱色率的影响。研究表明,COD为418mg/L的垃圾渗滤液经400W高压汞灯光照30min,COD的去除率和UV335脱色率分别为44.3%和75.0%。光照时间60min时,COD的去除率和UV335脱色率可提高至54%和90%。光照30min后与活性炭柱联用,COD的去除率和UV335脱色率分别提高到68.3%和84.6%。 相似文献
79.
Bagasse, a biomass fuel, is the waste generated by the sugar-making process from sugar cane. Sugar making is one of the most
important agricultural-produce processing industries for developing countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.
As sugar producing plants need electric power and process steam, co-generation using bagasse as an alternate fuel for petroleum
has been in use for some time. Thailand recently became one of the largest sugar exporters by enlarging plant capacities and
improving equipment, thus reducing its production cost. In addition, the Thai government promotes power generation using bagasse
as a means to combat global warming by raising the purchase price of the surplus power. The industry is in the process of
further raising the plant capacity, and improving the power-generating efficiency. This will enable a plant to generate more
electric power than its in-plant need so that the surplus power can be sold to the commercial grid. It also plans to become
a local power supplier during off-season of sugar making by adding a condensing turbine generator. A typical Thai sugar plant
of the latest design generates steam of 4Mpa at the bagasse boiler outlet with the temperature of 400°C at 84% boiler efficiency.
With the bagasse LHV of 7,540 kJ/kg and that of fuel oil 41, 840 kJ/kg, and taking 90%as oil-burning boiler efficiency, 5.95
kg of bagasse would replace 1 kg of oil. The Kyoto Mechanism defines CO2 generation by fuel oil as 2.65 kg per liter. Using 0.85for the specific gravity of fuel oil, the amount of CO2 generation will be 3.12 kg-CO2/kg. Therefore, CO2reduction per ton of bagasse in terms of fuel oil will be: 3.12/5.95 =0.524 kg-CO2/kg-bagasse. As 1 kg of bagasse generates 2 kg of steam, the CO2reduction of a 100t/h steam boiler will be112,660 ton/year for an annual operation of4,300 hours, as follows. 0.524 × 100/2
= 26.2 t-CO2/h, 26.2 × 4,300 =112,660 t-CO2/year.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
80.
Ten out of the 12 new EU members, used to belong to the so-called “former eastern block”, with a post WWII environmental policy radically different from the tendencies followed in Western Europe. The lack of conservation regulations has resulted in a rather harmful industrialization, regarding natural resources and environmental quality. While air pollution transfer is a phenomenon of transboundary level, there is a particular interest in examining the contribution of the new EU member states to the environmental pressure faced by the older member states and vice versa. The current study utilises the official data for almost 20 years published by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Program concerning the transboundary transfer of NOx and SO2 in order to analyse the situation and discuss the present and future environmental policy regarding air pollution. 相似文献