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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Valentina Marin Cristina Misic Mariapaola Moreno Vanessa-Sarah Salvo 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(6):423-435
The quantity and quality of organic matter, and bacterial density and frequency of dividing cells were investigated in six microtidal mixed beaches of the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) to evaluate their main trophodynamic features. Concentrations of biopolymeric carbon (average 88.5?±?89.0 µgC/g) and the protein:carbohydrate ratio (on average lower than 1) were very low and classified these beaches as highly oligotrophic. The study of biochemical composition highlighted the nature of organic matter as being mainly refractory; furthermore, the quantitative differences observed along the across-beach gradient together with the unchanged pattern in qualitative features suggest that the organic matter in Ligurian beaches is prevalently of marine origin. This implies a negligible contribution of allochtonous and anthropogenic terrestrial input or in situ autochthonous production. Bacterial density displayed values ranging from 0.1–9.0 cell?×?108/g DW in the top 2?cm layer and showed a significant correlation with the quantity of organic matter. In addition, the frequency of dividing cells showed a positive correlation with the protein:carbohydrate ratio, suggesting that the biochemical composition of organic matter also has an influence on the active bacterial fraction. Because of the exposed nature, a strong coupling was found between the beach and the marine systems, and this seems to be of fundamental importance in terms of material and energy supply for the beach ecosystem. A shortage within this linkage was observed in summer owing to the strong environmental constrains leading to a sort of “beach desertification” and to a marked oligotrophy. Summer also has an effect of smoothing for spatial variability occurring within the biochemical and microbiological variables among the different beaches. The linkage observed between the sea and the land is the main factor controlling the origin and nature of sediment organic matter in these beaches also regulating bacterial abundances and the frequency of dividing cells. 相似文献
42.
The magnitude and frequency of discharge and fine sediment delivery to rivers can influence riverine food webs through the frequency of scour of algae from the streambed. Models that simulate changes in algal biomass are not very accurate for long periods with frequent low-magnitude flow events. During these periods, sand is mobilized over a stable gravel bed and periphyton losses are patchy at the reach scale. At the patch scale, we examine if an established threshold for rapid sand transport is also a periphyton perturbation threshold. We also develop and validate a statistical rock scale periphyton saltation abrasion model (PSAM) to simulate the abrasive effects of sand, transported by a hopping motion called saltation, on post-flow event biomass. Data were collected from 15 riffles of a Canadian Atlantic salmon river. The threshold clearly divided bed patches with high biomass and low transport rates, from those patches with low biomass and high transport rates. A dimensionally balanced PSAM regression model including explained 57% of the variance in post-flow event biomass. The validated model indicates that periphyton biomass decreases with increasing sand transport rates . Biomass was higher if the microscopic algae were protected from abrasion by growing either above the near-bed layer of saltating sand or within a mat containing more resistant macroalgae (e.g. Nostoc). The use of in our models facilitates testing of our findings in other hydro-sedimentary environments because W* is a dimensionless scaling parameter that is well established in sediment transport literature. New insight is provided regarding modelling local heterogeneity in post-flow event biomass. These developments are essential to enable more accurate assessments of how periphyton biomass will change with the increase in the recurrence frequency of small flow events (and sand supply) associated with urbanization and climate change. 相似文献
43.
Donglin Wang Jie Zhou Hui Lin Junwen Chen Jing Qi Yaohui Bai Jiuhui Qu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(3):34
44.
The coupling of sand with ZVI/oxidants achieved proportional and highly efficient removal of arsenic
Sana Ullah Xuejun Guo Xiaoyan Luo Xiangyuan Zhang Yameng Li Ziyu Liang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):94
45.
Ozone and atmospheric nitrogen are co-occurring pollutants with adverse effects on natural grassland vegetation. Plants of the rhizomatous sedge Carex arenaria were exposed to four ozone regimes representing increasing background concentrations (background-peak): 10-30, 35-55, 60-80 and 85-105 ppb ozone at two nitrogen levels: 12 and 100 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Ozone increased the number and proportion of senesced leaves, but not overall leaf number. There was a clear nitrogen × ozone interaction with high nitrogen reducing proportional senescence in each treatment and increasing the ozone dose (AOT40) at which enhanced senescence occurred. Ozone reduced total biomass due to significant effects on root biomass. There were no interactive effects on shoot:root ratio. Rhizome tissue N content was increased by both nitrogen and ozone. Results suggest that nitrogen mediates above-ground impacts of ozone but not impacts on below-ground resource translocation. This may lead to complex interactive effects between the two pollutants on natural vegetation. 相似文献
46.
阿拉善盟黑风暴发生规律及防治对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过1993年“5.5黑风暴”及1998年“4.15黑风暴”为线索,从生态环境角度就黑风暴的起因进行初步剖析。然后就如何恢复阿拉善生态平衡,减少黑风暴危害提出一些对策。 相似文献
47.
科尔沁沙地沙丘恢复过程中典型灌丛下结皮发育特征及表层土壤特性 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
通过野外取样和室内分析相结合,对科尔沁沙地不同沙丘典型灌丛下结皮发育及结皮下表层土壤特性进行了初步研究.结果表明,半流动沙丘的差巴嘎蒿、半固定沙丘的小叶锦鸡儿、固定沙丘的冷蒿以及固定沙丘丘底的小红柳灌丛下分别发育了物理结皮、藻、地衣及苔藓结皮,结皮的厚度、硬度、水分、<0.05 mm粘粉粒含量、有机质、全N、全P、速效N和速效P等指标在沙丘生境中为半流动沙丘<半固定沙丘<固定沙丘<固定沙丘丘底,在结皮类型中为物理结皮<藻结皮<地衣结皮<苔藓结皮,各结皮间养分含量和粒径分布差异极显著(P<0.01).结皮下层土壤的养分及细颗粒含量随结皮发育进展呈增长趋势.同一沙丘结皮下0~5 cm范围内土壤容重、粘粉粒、养分含量由表及里呈递减趋势,且均高于同层流动风沙土.在4种灌丛的7类结皮中,固定沙丘丘底的小红柳灌丛下发育的苔藓结皮及其表土的养分、细颗粒含量明显高于其它沙丘灌丛下的结皮. 相似文献
48.
本文通过土壤水分观测,结合降水记录及地表沉积物粒度分析,对青海湖湖东克土沙区
固定沙丘不同地貌部位土壤水分的时空变化规律进行了初步研究。结果表明:0~100 cm 深度内,
丘间地的土壤含水量最高,丘顶与背风坡次之,迎风坡最低。迎风坡丘间地与迎风坡脚受地下水
的影响,分别以40 cm 和100 cm 为界,土壤含水量在界限以上变化不大,界限以下随着深度增
加而迅速增大。其它地貌部位土壤水分来源主要是大气降水,0~20 cm 土壤含水量都随土壤深度
增加而增加,20 cm 以下则表现出不同的变化规律。 相似文献
49.
50.
Previous experimental studies have shown that NAPL will be removed when it is contacted by steam. However, in full-scale operations, steam may not contact the NAPL directly and this is the situation addressed in this study. A two-dimensional intermediate scale sand box experiment was performed where an organic contaminant was emplaced below the water table at the interface between a coarse and a fine sand layer. Steam was injected above the water table and after an initial heating period the contaminant was recovered at the outlet. The experiment was successfully modeled using the numerical code T2VOC and the dominant removal mechanism was identified to be heat conduction induced boiling of the separate phase contaminant. Subsequent numerical modeling showed that this mechanism was insensitive to the porous medium properties and that it could be evaluated by considering only one-dimensional heat conduction. 相似文献