Pseudomonas sp.HS-2厌氧转化双酚F及疏水性蒽醌类化合物的促进作用

为揭示双酚F的厌氧归趋及提高双酚F的厌氧生物转化速率,本文以硝酸盐为电子受体,研究了Pseudomonas sp. HS-2厌氧转化双酚F的特性,并外加4种疏水性蒽醌类化合物(蒽醌、1-氨基蒽醌、2-氨基蒽醌、2-羟基蒽醌)来促进双酚F的厌氧转化.结果表明,菌株HS-2能够将双酚F厌氧转化为4,4-二羟基二苯基甲酮.最适培养条件为:硝酸盐5 mmol·L~(-1)、pH=7和温度35℃.在最适条件下,4种疏水性蒽醌类化合物均能促进双酚F厌氧转化,且2-氨基蒽醌的促进作用最明显.当2-氨基蒽醌浓度为20 mg·L~(-1)时,准一级反应速率常数为2.9×10~(-2) h~(-1),较不加2-氨基蒽醌体系提高了37.1%.在无硝酸盐存在时,2-氨基蒽醌不能使菌株HS-2厌氧转化双酚F.但当硝酸盐存在时,外加2-氨基蒽醌则能够促进双酚F的厌氧转化.     

Identification of two alkane hydroxylases involved in long-chain n-alkane degradation by Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b北大核心CSCD

The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in long-chain alkane degradation in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b. Functional genes were annotated by genome analysis. Induction of alkane hydroxylase genes by C28 n-alkane was analyzed by using quantitative real-time PCR in wild-type Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b and its alkW1 gene knockout mutant strain M 5-5. From the genome of Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, two homologues, G1 and G2 genes were annotated, which showed 50% amino acid sequence similarity with AlmA from Acinetobacter sp. DSM17874, and 48% amino acid sequence similarity with LadA from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2, respectively. In addition, G1 showed 71% amino acid sequence similarity with G1a, and G2 showed 34% and 87% amino acid sequence similarities with G2a and G2ß, respectively, which were annotated from Dietzia sp. E1 genome. In addition, the alkW1 gene knockout strain M 5-5 could grow with C28 n-alkane as the sole carbon source, indicating the presence of potential long-chain alkane hydroxylase gene(s) other than alkW1 in Diezia sp. DQ12-45-1b. Accordingly, induction of G1 and G2 genes was observed when Dietzia ap. DQ12-45-1b and alkW1 knockout mutant strain M 5-5 grew with C28 n-alkane as sole carbon source. The results indicated that G1 and G2 genes are mostly responsible for the degradation of long-chain alkanes in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, which has unique multiple alkane hydroxylase systems.     

微生物絮凝剂生产菌T1的鉴定及其对生活污水絮凝特性

从活性污泥中分离筛选絮凝剂产生菌,得到一株对高岭土悬浊液具有较高絮凝活性的微生物絮凝菌T1.根据菌株的生理生化鉴定以及16S r DNA基因序列分析,确定该菌株为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp),该菌的絮凝活性物质分布在发酵液上清液中.通过正交实验确定最佳生活污水絮凝条件为絮凝剂投加量5%,污水p H值7.0,助凝剂Ca Cl2投加量为2%,在此条件下,T1发酵上清液对生活污水的絮凝率为83.85%.     

Biosorption of hexavalent chromium and malachite green from aqueous effluents,using Cladophora sp.

Biosorption potential of green macroalgae Cladophora sp., (GAC) for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and malachite green (MG) from aqueous medium was investigated. Optimal conditions for biosorption experiments were determined as a function of initial pH, GAC dosage, temperature and initial concentration of Cr(VI) and MG. The biosorption equilibrium data were fitted with the isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Kiselev, Frumkin and Jovanovic, while the experimental data were analysed using the kinetic models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Ritchie's and intraparticle diffusion. The Langmuir maximum biosorption capacity was calculated as 100.00?mg/g (Cr(VI)) and 142.85?mg/g (MG). The biosorption kinetic data showed better agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters indicated spontaneous and endothermic nature of the biosorption process for Cr(VI) removal, whereas exothermic in the case of MG removal. Furthermore, the biosorption efficiencies of the GAC reusability were found significant up to five cycles and tested using 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0?M HCl, respectively. The results of the present study indicated that GAC is a suitable biosorbent for the sequestration of Cr(VI) and MG from aqueous solutions.     

Screening and identification of bacterial strain producing (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-Ethanediol by efficient whole-cell catalytic reduction system北大核心CSCD

(R)-1-Phenyl-1,2-ethanediol [(R)-PED] is an important chiral intermediate used to synthesize pharmaceutical intermediates. The production of (R)-PED is of great practical significance. A novel bacterial strain HBU-SI7 isolated from soil samples was screened using a-hydroxyacetophenone (2-HAP) as substrate, which is capable of enantioselective reduction of 2-HAP to (R)-PED. HBU-SI7 was identified as Rhodococcus sp. by bacterial morphological observation and 16S rDNA analysis. The analysis of whole-cell catalytic system showed that the bioconversion of 2-HAP reached 96.2% in the two-phase reaction system (dibutyl phthalate/phosphate buffer = 1/3, V/V) with the substrate concentration of 3.0 g/L, and 99.3% of e.e. for (R)-PED was achieved. A new enantio selective reduction system with the whole cells of Rhodococcus sp. was established for efficient production of (R)-PED, which has potential research and application values. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

利用流式细胞术研究鞘氨醇单胞菌GY2B降解菲过程中细菌表面特性的变化

微生物与污染物接触是生物降解的第一步,为进一步了解降解过程中有机污染物对降解菌的影响,通过对不同条件下鞘氨醇单胞菌GY2B(Sphingomonas sp.GY2B)降解菲的研究,并结合Propidium Iodide(PI)染料和流式细胞仪分析不同底物及污染物浓度对GY2B菌体细胞表面性质的影响.结果表明,随着菲的降解,PI染色的GY2B菌株细胞增多,说明细菌膜结构受到一定的破坏,通透性不断增强.污染物浓度越高,降解菌的膜完整性的破坏越为严重.60 h时,300 mg·L-1浓度条件下,染色细胞/未被染色细胞的比值可达12.44,而在100 mg·L-1和1.2 mg·L-1浓度条件下,比值分别为1.95和1.11.同时降解过程中细菌细胞的傅里叶红外光谱检测,死亡、受损和完整细胞的区分以及Zeta电位分析也进一步验证了细菌细胞表面性质的改变.利用流式细胞术与染料结合分析降解过程中细菌细胞膜完整性的变化,从单细胞水平上了解细菌降解污染物过程中其细胞表面性质的改变,有助于更好地研究GY2B对菲的降解机制.