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81.
城市垃圾好氧堆肥处理的几个关键问题 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
介绍了城市垃圾好氧堆肥过程的几个关键问题,分析了堆肥过程中的微生物特性,提出以耗氧速率、C/N作为堆肥腐熟度综合判定指标。并简单介绍了国外应用较多的温度、氧浓度自动控制系统。 相似文献
82.
分别采用膜生物反应器(MBR)和普通生物反应器(CSTR)对苯胺废水进行处理,结果表明MBR处理效果优于CSTR,处理水苯胺浓度接近动力学极限浓度。测定了两种反应器中微生物的最大比基质利用速率qmax分别为2.084d^-1和1.650d^-1,亲和常数Ks值分别为0.237mg/L和0.309mg/L。间歇试验证明MBR能富集培养基质亲和性高的专一性微生物。这类微生物降解速率不随基质浓度而变化,且能更彻底地降解有机物,适用于微量有机物的高度净化。 相似文献
83.
Abstract: Reserve networks figure prominently in conservation strategies that aim to reduce extinction rates. We tested the effectiveness of the current reserve network at protecting species at risk in Canada, where relatively extensive wilderness areas remain. We compared numbers of terrestrial species at risk included in existing reserves to randomly generated networks with the same total area and number of reserves. Existing reserve networks rarely performed better than randomly selected areas and several included fewer endangered species than expected by chance, particularly in the most biologically imperiled regions. The extent of protected area and density of species at risk were unrelated at either broad (countrywide) or finer spatial scales (50 × 50 km grids), although there was a tendency for the most threatened regions of the country to have few or no protected areas (1.5% of areas with >30 endangered species were in reserves). Although reserves will play a useful role in conserving endangered species that occur within them, reducing extinction rates in a region with much of the world's remaining wilderness will require integrating conservation strategies with agricultural and urban land-use plans outside formally protected areas. 相似文献
84.
不同比例湿解产物在土壤中的物质变化及腐熟度 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
将经湿解工艺处理后的园林废物与土壤按1:3、1:5和1:10(湿质量)3种比例均匀混合作为实验物料,同时以自然土壤作为参照,研究了在田间条件下,不同浓度的湿解产物在土壤中的物质变化以及腐熟度。结果表明:在培养期间,3种比例混合物料的温度均接近于土壤对照样的温度,稍低于环境温度;pH值均略呈碱性,并随土壤浓度的增加而接近土壤对照样的pH值;ω(C)/ω(N)比、ω(水溶性有机碳WSC)/ω(有机态氮Norg)和ω(NH4^+-N)/ω(NO3^--N)均随培养时间的增加而下降,而阳离子交换最(CEC)和CEC/ω(全C)恰好相反,并随湿解产物浓度的增加而增加,14d后,这些指标均接近土壤对照样的参数,实验结束时,均达腐熟。3种比例混合物料的种子发芽系数均大于80%,湿解产物浓度对种子发芽系数无明显抑制作用,湿解后的产物可直接安全应用于土壤中。 相似文献
85.
Size assessment via a visual signal in snapping shrimp 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Melissa Hughes 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1996,38(1):51-57
Snapping shrimp are highly aggressive decapod crustaceans, with large, asymmetric chelae. Body size determines the outcome
of both inter- and intrasexual interactions. Both the body and chela sizes of mated pairs are correlated, but the body size
correlation is significantly stronger. In competitive interactions between individuals of the same sex, larger individuals
usually win. Because the size of the major chela is a function of body size in both males and females, chela size could be
used to assess body size early in interactions, before engaging in more high risk behaviors. To determine whether the major
chela is used in size assessment, I presented shrimp with isolated chelae. Male snapping shrimp responded aggressively to
isolated chelae when they were fixed open in a display posture, and the degree of aggressive response depended on the relative
size of the chela. These data provide direct experimental evidence for the use of a visual signal in size assessment. Females,
in contrast, responded aggressively to both the open and closed chela, and their responses did not depend on relative size.
This sex difference in response may be due to differences in the value of certain resources, such as shelters, to males and
females: females may be more willing to respond aggressively regardless of the apparent size of their opponent, in order to
acquire more reliable information regarding size, motivation or fighting ability.
Received: 30 December 1994/Accepted after revision: 14 August 1995 相似文献
86.
Two premature triplet pregnancies underwent repeated treatment aimed at acceleration of individual fetal lung maturity while administering intravenous tocolytic treatment. From the early third trimester, repeated amniocenteses were used for intra-amniotic administration of thyroxine to each sac, while the individual fetal lung maturation rate was determined by surfactant microviscosity until lung maturity was achieved. 相似文献
87.
88.
将自行研制的法兰类件温精锻成形过程计算机仿真系统与CAD/CAM软件Cimatronit结合,研究出法兰类件虚拟制造系统。系统重点论述了影响精度的几个方面。 相似文献
89.
The catalytic ozonation treatment of secondary biochemical effluent for papermaking wastewater by Ag-doped nickel ferrite was investigated. Ag-doped catalysts prepared by sol-gel method were characterized, illustrating that Ag entirely entered the crystalline of NiFe2O4 and changed the surface properties. The addition of catalyst enhanced the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, ultraviolet light absorbance at 254 nm and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix suggested that aromatic compounds were efficiently degraded and toxic substances, such as dibutyl phthalate. In addition, the radical scavenging experiments confirmed the hydroxyl radicals acted as the main reactive oxygen species and the surface properties of catalysts played an important role in the reaction. Overall, this work validated potential applications of Ag-doped NiFe2O4 catalyzed ozonation process of biologically recalcitrant wastewater. 相似文献
90.