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251.
介绍了我国长输管道应用的天然气压缩机组的发展趋势以及我国环境噪声管理体系现状,分析了天然气压缩机组的工作原理和产生噪声的原因。对压气站噪声水平实测数据进行了分析,结合美国对噪声管理的经验,对改进和提高我国压气站噪声管理水平提出了建议。 相似文献
252.
Adaptive management is an approach to managing natural resources that emphasizes learning from the implementation of policies
and strategies. Adaptive management appears to offer a solution to the management gridlock caused by increasing complexity
and uncertainty. The concept of adaptive management has been embraced by natural resource managers worldwide, but there are
relatively few published examples of adaptive management in use. In this article, we explore two watershed management projects
in southeastern Australia to better understand the potential of adaptive management in regional scale programs through qualitative,
case study–based investigation. The program logic of one case implies the use of passive adaptive management, whereas the
second case claims to be based on active adaptive management. Data were created using participant observation, semistructured
interviews with individuals and groups, and document review. Using thematic content and metaphor analysis to explore the case
data, we found that each case was successful as an implementation project. However, the use of both passive and active adaptive
management was constrained by deeply entrenched social norms and institutional frameworks. We identified seven “imperatives”
that guided the behavior of project stakeholders, and that have consequences for the use of adaptive management. Reference
to recent evaluations of the Adaptive Management Areas of the Pacific Northwest of the United States suggests that some of
these imperatives and their consequences have broad applicability. The implications of our findings are discussed, and suggestions
for improving the outcomes of regional scale adaptive management are provided. 相似文献
253.
环境保护纳入小康和现代化评价指标体系探析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
朱德明 《环境监测管理与技术》1997,9(3):3-5
结合江苏省环境保护实例,探讨把环境保护纳入小康和现代化评价指标体系的机遇,难点和方法。 相似文献
254.
济南市环境、社会、经济协调发展评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
建立了济南市城市环境、社会、经济协调评价指标体系,采用多目标二级决策方法对各指标的权重进行分配;在已有协调度计算方法的基础上,构建了协调度的计算公式;并运用该指标体系和协调度公式对济南市环境、社会经济协调状况进行评判。结果表明济南市的环境、社会经济之间发展是不平衡的,协调状况为中级协调水平;环境综合指数较低,表明环境的建设滞后于社会经济的发展。 相似文献
255.
通过对典型发电与高压输变电工程工频电磁场的现场检测,阐明了发电与高压输变电工程的工频电磁场现状.在此基础上,根据科学界关于极低频电磁场对人体短期和长期效应研究的明确结论,介绍了发电与高压输变电工程的工频电磁场暴露对人体健康的影响.同时,从卫生安全的角度提出了防止和减少工频电磁场影响的综合防护措施,其中包括:慎重选址,合理设计,适当个体防护和必要的警示标识.另外,扼要地介绍了工频电磁场的有关卫生标准和测量方法. 相似文献
256.
Giulia Castellani Gaëlle Veyssire Michael Karcher Julienne Stroeve S. Neil Banas A. Heather Bouman S. Andrew Brierley Stacey Connan Finlo Cottier Fabian Große Laura Hobbs Christian Katlein Bonnie Light David McKee Andrew Orkney Roland Proud Vibe Schourup-Kristensen 《Ambio》2022,51(2):307
The Arctic marine ecosystem is shaped by the seasonality of the solar cycle, spanning from 24-h light at the sea surface in summer to 24-h darkness in winter. The amount of light available for under-ice ecosystems is the result of different physical and biological processes that affect its path through atmosphere, snow, sea ice and water. In this article, we review the present state of knowledge of the abiotic (clouds, sea ice, snow, suspended matter) and biotic (sea ice algae and phytoplankton) controls on the underwater light field. We focus on how the available light affects the seasonal cycle of primary production (sympagic and pelagic) and discuss the sensitivity of ecosystems to changes in the light field based on model simulations. Lastly, we discuss predicted future changes in under-ice light as a consequence of climate change and their potential ecological implications, with the aim of providing a guide for future research. 相似文献
257.
Sabaheta Ramcilovic-Suominen Sophia Carodenuto Constance McDermott Juha Hiedanp 《Ambio》2021,50(12):2256
Balancing agendas for climate mitigation and environmental justice continues to be one of the key challenges in climate change governance mechanisms, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+). In this paper we apply the three-dimensional environmental justice framework as a lens to examine the REDD+ process in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos) and the REDD+ social safeguards. We focus particularly on challenges to justice faced by marginalized communities living in forest frontier areas under an authoritarian regime. Drawing on policy analysis and open-ended interviews across different policy levels, we explore procedural, distributional, and recognitional justice across the REDD+ policy levels in Laos. We find that REDD+ social safeguards have been applied by both donors and state actors in ways that facilitate external control. We underscore how authoritarian regime control over civil society and ethnic minority groups thwarts justice. We also highlight how this political culture and lack of inclusiveness are used by donors and project managers to implement their projects with little political debate. Further obstacles to justice relate to limitations inherent in the REDD+ instrument, including tight schedules for dealing with highly sensitive socio-political issues under social safeguards. These findings echo other research but go further in questioning the adequacy of safeguards to promote justice under a nationally driven REDD+. We highlight the importance of recognition and political context, including aspects such as power relations, self-determination and self-governance of traditional or customary structures, in shaping justice outcomes.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01618-7. 相似文献
258.
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260.
针对深井巷道无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)安全监测中节点能量消耗不均匀导致网络生命周期较短的问题,在分析低功耗自适应集簇分层型算法(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy,LEACH)、遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)和禁忌搜索算法(Tabu Search Algorithm,TS)的基础上,提出遗传禁忌搜索的能量均衡深井安全监测WSN分簇路由算法(GTSR-EB),以分簇方式来减少数据发送量与寻优开销,利用优化GA算法和TS算法进行多路径搜索以选出一条能耗均衡、路径传输距离最短的最优路径。仿真实验表明:GTSR-EB算法网络存活周期为LEACH算法的2.17倍、GA算法的1.18倍,GTSR-EB网络能量利用率更高、生存周期更长。 相似文献