太阳能-蓄电池供电系统在无人值守环境监测站的设计与实现

通过阐述如何设计和实现太阳能-蓄电池供电系统在无人值守环境自动监测站中的应用,推出了无人值守环境自动监测站建设的一体化能源解决方案。不仅提高了电源系统的可靠性同时交替的智能化给后级监测设备提供高质量、强大的不间断的电力支持!从根本上解决了现有电源系统设计匹配不合理,或因电源故障而造成监测数据的偏差或因电源故障造成设备损坏等事故。     

IEC 61215标准中紫外试验的解读

本文详细解读了IEC61215:2005标准中的紫外预处理试验。介绍了材料耐候性老化测试原理,包括户外老化及紫外光加速老化测试原理,从光谱的定义、辐照度的设定、温度及湿度控制等几个方面对IEC61215:2005标准中的紫外试验进行分析。最后指出QUV运行该标准时的参数设定。     

Solar photocatalytic treatment of landfill leachate using a solid mineral by-product as a catalyst

The treatment of municipal solid waste landfill leachate in a pilot plant made up of solar compound parabolic collectors, using a solid industrial titanium by-product (WTiO₂) containing TiO₂ and Fe(III) as a photocatalyst, was investigated. In the study evidence was found showing that the degradation performed with WTiO₂ was mainly due to the Fe provided by this by-product, instead of TiO₂. However, although TiO₂ had very little effect by itself, a synergistic effect was observed between Fe and TiO₂. The application of WTiO₂, which produced coupled photo-Fenton and heterogeneous catalysis reactions, achieved a surprisingly high depuration level (86% of COD removal), higher than that reached by photo-Fenton using commercial FeSO₄ (43%) in the same conditions. After the oxidation process the biodegradability and toxicity of the landfill leachate were studied. The results showed that the leachate biodegradability was substantially increased, at least in the first stages of the process, and again that WTiO₂ was more efficient than FeSO₄ in terms of increasing biodegradability.     

提高太阳热水器质量途径的探讨

对目前太阳热水器主要存在的质量问题及产生的根源进行了分析、讨论，提出了提高太阳热水器质量的几种途径。     

A Novel Solar Thermal Cycle with Chemical Looping Combustion

In this paper, we have proposed a thermal cycle with the integration of chemical-looping combustion and solar thermal energy with the temperature of about 500-600°C. Chemical-looping combustion may be carried out in two successive reactions between a reduction of hydrocarbon fuel with metal oxides and a reduced metal with oxygen in the air. This loop of chemical reactions is substituted for conventional combustion of fuel. Methane as a fuel and nickel oxides as an oxygen carrier were employed in this cycle. Collected high-temperature solar thermal energy is provided for the endothermic reduction reaction. The feature of the proposed cycle is investigated through Energy-Utilization Diagram methodology. As a result, at the turbine inlet temperature of 1200°C, the exergy efficiency of the proposed cycle would be expected to be about 4 percentage points higher than that of a conventional gas turbine combined cycle. Compared to the previous study of chemical-looping combustion energy systems, the proposed cycle with the integration of green energy and traditional hydrocarbon fuels will offer the possibility of both greenhouse gas mitigation, with green energy, and a new approach to the efficient use of solar energy.     

Application of Solar Photocatalytic Treatment to Industrial Wastewater from a Chrome Plating Unit

The present study is targeted on the feasibility of photocatalytic treatment of industrial wastewater containing metal ions. Photoreductive deposition of metal ions using solar energy irradiated TiO₂, has been investigated in presence of citric acid as a hole scavenger. Treatment studies have also been performed at pH values 2, 4, 7, 8, and 10 to determine optimum reaction conditions. Results showed that at the pH value of 2, 100% reduction was achieved for Cr(VI) in a minimum time period. A maximum removal of 95.5% was achieved for Ni(II) at the pH value of 10.     

Novel Temperature Control Technique for a Medicinal Herb Dryer System Powered by a Photovoltaic Array

Each plant has its own optimal drying temperature, especially for the medicinal herbs, because they are sensitive to heat. If the drying temperature becomes more than the optimal value, some chemical reactions will occur and influence the quality of the dried herb, such as color, taste, and aroma. While if the drying temperature becomes lower than the optimal value, the drying process will slow down, and consequently an expected degradation in the quality of the herb may occur, due to insects and fungi infestation which increase in moist conditions. This paper presents a new temperature control technique for a medicinal herb dryer system. The technique fixes the drying temperature of the medicinal herbs at 40^°C, even in cases of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. The control of the dryer temperature is achieved through using the proportional integral (PI) controller. The designed dryer contains two systems, which are the thermal and the electrical systems. The thermal system is designed to heat the drying air by using solar energy and bio-gas fuel. Whereas the electrical system, which contains a photovoltaic (PV) modules and a battery, is designed to supply the different electrical loads of the dryer system. The control technique is investigated through simulation work by using MATLAB-SIMULINK. The simulation results indicate the high capability of the proposed technique in controlling the drying temperature, even in cases of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions.     

载银TiO2光催化降解2,4-二氯苯酚水溶液的研究

以新型载银TiO₂为催化剂,太阳光为光源,对2,4-二氯苯酚水溶液进行了光降解。结果表明,载银TiO₂催化剂的光解效率是单纯TiO₂的1.9倍;经回归分析,由Langmiur-HinsheiWood方程计算出的反应速率R值与实验值的最大偏差不超过6.5%。证明该光解反应是非均相催化动力学反应。