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351.
两宋时期自然灾害的文学记述与地理分布规律 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
两宋320年间共发生灾害1739次,灾害种类14种,如此深重的灾害是导致两宋"积贫积弱,国力不强"的一大主要因素.由于宋朝时期的地理气候特点,水灾、旱灾接连不断发生,并且成为两宋最主要的自然灾害.古代自然灾害研究主要依据史书记载,中国是世界上少数灾害多发的国家之一,文学作品中反映出来的灾难与救世观念可以给人们很多启发.以王禹偁为代表的宋代文学家给后世留下了许多记述灾害的文学作品,从文学作品的记述中可以提取古代灾害的准确信息.北宋都城位于开封,南宋京都在杭州,由于史料对当时中央政府所在地省份的记述颇为翔实,两宋自然灾害的省区分布,以河南、浙江灾害次数最多. 相似文献
352.
Brandie Fariss Nicole DeMello Kathryn A. Powlen Christopher E. Latimer Yuta Masuda Christina M. Kennedy 《Conservation biology》2023,37(1):e13973
Efforts to devolve rights and engage Indigenous Peoples and local communities in conservation have increased the demand for evidence of the efficacy of community-based conservation (CBC) and insights into what enables its success. We examined the human well-being and environmental outcomes of a diverse set of 128 CBC projects. Over 80% of CBC projects had some positive human well-being or environmental outcomes, although just 32% achieved positive outcomes for both (i.e., combined success). We coded 57 total national-, community-, and project-level variables and controls from this set, performed random forest classification to identify the variables most important to combined success, and calculated accumulated local effects to describe their individual influence on the probability of achieving it. The best predictors of combined success were 17 variables suggestive of various recommendations and opportunities for conservation practitioners related to national contexts, community characteristics, and the implementation of various strategies and interventions informed by existing CBC frameworks. Specifically, CBC projects had higher probabilities of combined success when they occurred in national contexts supportive of local governance, confronted challenges to collective action, promoted economic diversification, and invested in various capacity-building efforts. Our results provide important insights into how to encourage greater success in CBC. 相似文献
353.
Iain Dickson Stuart H. M. Butchart Allison Catalano David Gibbons Julia P. G. Jones Katie Lee-Brooks Thomasina Oldfield David Noble Stuart Paterson Sugoto Roy Julien Semelin Paul Tinsley-Marshall Rosie Trevelyan Hannah Wauchope Sylvia Wicander William J. Sutherland 《Conservation biology》2023,37(1):e13967
Although some sectors have made significant progress in learning from failure, there is currently limited consensus on how a similar transition could best be achieved in conservation and what is required to facilitate this. One of the key enabling conditions for other sectors is a widely accepted and standardized classification system for identifying and analyzing root causes of failure. We devised a comprehensive taxonomy of root causes of failure affecting conservation projects. To develop this, we solicited examples of real-life conservation efforts that were deemed to have failed in some way, identified their underlying root causes of failure, and used these to develop a generic, 3-tier taxonomy of the ways in which projects fail, at the top of which are 6 overarching cause categories that are further divided into midlevel cause categories and specific root causes. We tested the taxonomy by asking conservation practitioners to use it to classify the causes of failure for conservation efforts they had been involved in. No significant gaps or redundancies were identified during this testing phase. We then analyzed the frequency that particular root causes were encountered by projects within this test sample, which suggested that some root causes were more likely to be encountered than others and that a small number of root causes were more likely to be encountered by projects implementing particular types of conservation action. Our taxonomy could be used to improve identification, analysis, and subsequent learning from failed conservation efforts, address some of the barriers that currently limit the ability of conservation practitioners to learn from failure, and contribute to establishing an effective culture of learning from failure within conservation. 相似文献
354.
355.
Rui Liang Chao Chen Akash Kumar Junyu Tao Yan Kang Dong Han Xianjia Jiang Pei Tang Beibei Yan Guanyi Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(4):44
356.
Haoyang Xian Pinjing He Dongying Lan Yaping Qi Ruiheng Wang Fan Lü Hua Zhang Jisheng Long 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(10):121
357.
Measham TG 《Environmental management》2006,38(3):426-434
The way we learn about our environments—be they farms, forests, or tribal lands—has implications for the formulation of environmental
policy. This article presents the findings of how residents learned about their environments in two rural case studies conducted
in northern Queensland and relates these to the concept of “primal landscapes,” which is concerned with the interaction that
occurs between children and the environments in which they mature. Rather than focusing specifically on built environments
or natural environments, the article draws on an approach that conceptualizes environment as meaning-laden places in which we live and work, which integrate social, cultural, biological, physical, and economic dimensions. In drawing insights
for environmental policy, the article draws attention to the timing of policy interventions, the significance of experiential
environmental education, the potential to learn from place-based festivals, and the importance of learning from extreme events
such as fires and floods. 相似文献
358.
Between uncertainty and hope: Young leaders as agents of change in sustainable small-scale fisheries
Alejandro Espinoza-Tenorio Romana Gabriela Ehuan-Noh Gabriela Alejandra Cuevas-Gmez Nemer E. Narchi Dora Elia Ramos-Muoz Francisco J. Fernndez-Rivera Melo Antonio Saldívar-Moreno Jos Alberto Zepeda-Domínguez Juan Carlos Prez-Jimnez Alma Oliveto-Andrade Jorge Torre 《Ambio》2022,51(5):1287
The path to sustainable small-scale fisheries (SSF) is based on multiple learning processes that must transcend generational changes. To understand young leaders from communities with sustainable SSF management practices in Mexico, we used in-depth interviews to identify their shared motivations and perceptions for accepting their fishing heritage. These possible future decision-makers act as agents of change due to their organizational and technological abilities. However, young people are currently at a crossroads. Many inherited a passion for the sea and want to improve and diversify the fishing sector, yet young leaders do not want to accept a legacy of complicated socioenvironmental conditions that can limit their futures. These future leaders are especially concerned by the uncertainty caused by climate change. If fishing and generational change are not valued in planning processes, the continuity of fisheries, the success of conservation actions, and the lifestyles of young fishers will remain uncertain.Graphical abstract Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01639-2. 相似文献
359.
从说课看高职高专院校学情 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高职高专学生由于特定的生理和心理特点,在选修体育课程过程中出现随群现象,学习积极性不高。通过说课对高职高专院校的学情加以分析,以便科学地、有目地、有针对性地安排教学内容,增强学生的自信心,提高他们的心理素质和身体素质。 相似文献
360.
基于"工作过程"教育教学理念,提出"多流程、多技能、多任务"的教育教学模式,将学生的学习课程进行分解、重组,按照"典型任务分析—学习领域设计—具体教学任务实施"的原则,研究了典型任务抽取、学习范围划分以及项目任务的情境教学与实施,并在实际教学过程中取得了良好的学习效果。 相似文献