非均相催化湿式氧化亚甲蓝水溶液的研究

COD为2000 mg/L的亚甲蓝水溶液作为研究对象,用非均相催化湿式氧化技术进行处理,催化剂性能以COD去除率、脱色率以及稳定性来评价.对4种催化剂担体、15种可溶盐活性组分、4种优选铜催化剂的浸渍液浓度进行筛选,并对铜催化剂进行了改性.实验表明,最佳催化剂担体是FSC,活性组分是Cu(NO3)2,并按催化性能对活性组分进行了排序;浸渍液浓度6wt%Cu2 是最佳选择;改性的Cu-Ce/FSC催化剂与Cu/FSC催化剂相比,COD去除率分别为83.9%和84.5%,出水Cu溶出浓度分别为24.1 mg/L和36.1 mg/L,可见改性催化剂与原催化剂的活性相当,但是稳定性却有了大幅度的提高.     

稀土金属铈对湿式氧化催化剂性能的影响

采用浸渍沉淀法制备具有相同cu负载量的CuO／7-Al2O3,CuO—CeO2／7-Al2O3和CuO-nO-CeO2／7-Al2O3催化剂,用H酸配水的催化湿式氧化评价催化剂的性能．结果表明,稀土元素Ce作为活性成分,不仅可以显著加快初期的反应速率,而且也增加了第二阶段的反应速率;还能提高反应中间产物小分子羧酸的降解速度和反应终了的pH值,从而减少金属铜的溶出;掺杂Ce使催化剂的晶体大小和孔隙分布更为均匀,孔径增大,有利于催化剂整体性能的改善．     

Synergistic effects in Mn-Co mixed oxide supported on cordierite honeycomb for catalytic deep oxidation of VOCs

A series of Co-Mn mixed oxide catalyst supported on a cordierite monolith was facilely synthesized by ultrasonic impregnation. Its catalytic performance was evaluated in the combustion of toluene, ethyl acetate and its mixture. It was observed that with incorporating Mn into Co₃O₄, the formation of solid solution with spinel structure could significantly improve the catalytic activity of pure phase Co₃O₄. And the monolithic Co_0.67Mn_0.33...     

The variation of street air levels of PAH and other mutagenic PAC in relation to regulations of traffic emissions and the impact of atmospheric processes

The occurrence of particle associated PAH and other mutagenic PAC was determined in 1996 in the street air of Copenhagen. In addition, particle extracts were tested for mutagenicity. The measurements were compared with previous measurements in 1992/1993. The levels had decreased in this period. The decrease was caused by an implementation of light diesel fuels for buses and the exchange of older petrol-driven passenger cars with catalystequipped new ones. About 65% of the reduction was caused by the application of the light diesel fuels. Under special conditions, chemical processes in the atmosphere produced many more mutagens than the direct emissions. The concentrations of S-PAC and N-PAC were 10 times lower than those of PAH, while the levels of oxy-PAH were in the same order of magnitude as those of PAH. Benzanthrone, an oxy-PAH, is proposed to be formed in the atmosphere in addition to direct emissions. Benzo(a)pyrene, often applied as an air quality criteria indicator, was photochemically degraded in the atmosphere. A strong increase in the mutagenic activities was observed to coincide with a depletion of benzo(a)pyrene.     

电晕-催化技术治理甲苯废气的实验研究

利用脉冲电源供能,在有、无催化剂存在的２类电晕反应器中,对甲苯的去除效果进行了实验对比,并考察了影响甲苯去除率的主要因素。结果表明,对于线－筒式对反应器,在４２ＫＶ的峰值电压下,使用Ｍｎ或Ｆｅ催化剂使甲苯的去除率分别提高了２７％和２３％,去除率均在８０％以上,能量利用率约为３０Ｗ．ｈ／ｍ＾３。     

泡沫镍载二氧化钛光催化降解磺基水杨酸

为了探索有机物在固定后光催化剂上的降解行为,将TiO₂（锐钛型）粉末固定在多孔泡沫镍上,以一只6W主波长为365nm的紫外线杀菌灯为光源,研究了磺基水杨酸（Ssal）在TiO₂-Ni体系上的光催化降解。结果表明,Ssal的降解动力学可采用Langmuir-Hinshelwood（L-H）方程来描述。通过测定降解反应的半衰期和测定初始速率的方法确定了L-H方程的参数,两种方法的结果相吻合。还研究了Ssal的光催化降解反应速率与Ph值和温度的关系。结果表明,当Ph值为7.5左右时,Ssal的光催化降解最为有利;当温度从20℃升至50℃时,Ssal的光催化降解加快。通过考察不同Ph值时Ssal在TiO₂-Ni体系上的吸附能力探讨了反应初始速率与Ph值的关系     

稀土氧化物在烟气脱硫过程中的应用研究进展

目前烟气脱硫是控制ＳＯ２排放最有效的途径之一。本文综述了以稀土氧化物作为吸收剂或催化剂在烟气脱硫过程中应用的研究进展,重点介绍了稀土氧化物吸收或催化脱硫反应的机理及特殊性能,并对稀土氧化物材料吸收或催化脱硫方法的特点及应用前景进行了讨论。     

Ni/Fe/Cu氧化物的催化臭氧化作用研究

以吐氏酸的臭氧氧化为例,研究了过渡金属镍、铁、铜单组分和不同配比双组分氧化物的催化作用,附着沉淀法制备的Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ（１：４）和Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ（４：１）催化剂的臭氧利用率分别比γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体提高了２８．９％和２４．３％,金属氧化催化臭氧化能显著改善吐氏酸溶液的可生化性,当溴氧消耗量为０．２５－０．３５ｇ／Ｌ时,ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ达到最大值０．２８。     

以废碱性电池为原料制备磁性纳米复合材料

以硝酸溶解废碱性锌锰电池所得溶液为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法成功地制备出了Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4/SiO2磁性纳米复合材料, 并对制备机理进行了探讨.借助于DTA、TG、XRD、IR、SEM和TEM等手段对制备过程进行检测, 并对产物进行表征.研究表明,先将干凝胶在590 ℃条件下预烧,再在1 120 ℃条件下煅烧可直接合成粒径在20 nm左右具有尖晶石结构的磁性纳米复合材料.     

采用零排放新工艺处理蚀刻废液

广州市某化工厂开发出一套对线路板蚀刻废液进行大规模集中资源化处理的零排放处理新工艺,该工艺通过在固相条件下生成氧化铜并用重力分选的方法将其分离出来,克服了原有工艺的缺陷,使废液中所有的成分能够在较低的处理成本下全部分离回收,无三废排出,达到了清洁生产的要求.对其工艺条件进行深入研究,通过正交试验优化了工艺条件.