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31.
32.
Dipa Ray Papri Roy Suparna Sengupta Siba Prasad Sengupta Amar K. Mohanty Manjusri Misra 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2009,17(1):49-55
Starch/Poly(vinylalcohol) blends in two different ratios (60:40 and 50:50) were prepared with glycerol as a plasticizer. Films
were cast by a solution casting method. One set of films were filled with 10 wt% of bentonite clay and another set of films
were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium. The prepared film samples were characterized with dynamic mechanical
analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The presence of clay and crosslinking with epichlorohydrin was found
to have considerable effect on the dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability of the films. Intercomponent H-bonding
between starch, Poly(vinylalcohol) and glycerol enhanced the thermal stability of the films. But incorporation of clay and
crosslinking with epichlorohydrin enhanced the steric crowding and lowered the thermal stability of the films. 相似文献
33.
Soy protein plastics are a renewable, biodegradable alternative to fossil fuel-based plastic resins. Processing of soy protein
plastics using conventional methods (injection molding, extrusion) has met with some success. Viscosities of processable formulations
that contain soy protein along with the necessary additives, such as glycerol and cornstarch, have not been reported, but
are necessary for extrusion modeling and the design of extrusion dies. Resins consisting of soy protein isolate-cornstarch
ratios of 4:1, 3:2, and 2:3 were plasticized with glycerol and soy oil, compounded in a twin screw extruder and adjusted to
10% moisture. The effects on viscosity of added sodium sulfite, a titanate coupling agent and recycling were evaluated using
a screw-driven capillary rheometer at shear rates of 100–800/s. The viscosities fit a power-law model and were found to be
shear thinning with power-law indices, n, of 0.18–0.46 and consistency indices, m, of 1.1 × 104–1.0 × 105. Power-law indices decreased and consistency indices increased with increasing soy protein-to-cornstarch ratio and in the
absence of sodium sulfite. Addition of the titanate coupling agent resulted in increased power-law index and decreased consistency
index. Viscosities at a shear rate of 400/s decreased with recycling, except for the 4:1 soy protein isolate to cornstarch
formulation, which displayed evidence of wall slip. Power-law indices were unaffected by recycling. Viscosities in the tested
shear rate range were comparable to polystyrene and low-density polyethylene indicating soy protein plastics are potential
drop-in replacements for commodity resins on conventional plastics processing equipment. 相似文献
34.
Chunjie Du Jinsheng Yu Wei Sun Haisheng Han Yuehua Hu Pan Chen Panpan Hou Runqing Liu Li Wang Yue Yang Ruohua Liu Lei Sun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(7):4-16
Core-shell magnetic seeds with certain adsorption capacity that were prepared by sulfated roasting, served as the core of a magnetic separation technology for purification of starch wastewater. XRD and SEM results indicate that magnetite's surface transformed to be porous α-Fe_2O_3 structure. Compared with magnetite particles, the specific surface area was significantly improved to be 8.361 from 2.591 m~2/g, with little decrease in specific susceptibility. Zeta potential, FT-IR and XPS experiments indicate that both phosphate and starch adsorbed on the surface of the core-shell magnetic seeds by chemical adsorption, which fits well with the Langmuir adsorption model. The porous surface structure of magnetic seeds significantly contributes to the adsorption of phosphate and starch species, which can be efficiently removed to be 1.51 mg/L(phosphate) and 9.51 mg/L(starch) using magnetic separation. 相似文献
35.
Pilar D. S. C. Mariani Antonio P. Vinagre Neto José P. da Silva Jr. Elke J. B. N. Cardoso Elisa Esposito Lucia H. Innocentini-Mei 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(1):19-24
The biodegradability properties of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and modified adipate-starch (AS) blends, using Edenol-3203 (E)
as a starch plasticizer, were investigated in laboratory by burial tests of the samples in previously analyzed agricultural
soil. The biodegradation process was carried out using the respirometric test according to ASTM D 5988-96, and the mineralization
was followed by both variables such as carbon dioxide evolution and mass loss. The results indicated that the presence of
AS-E accelerated the biodegradation rate as expected. 相似文献
36.
Rosario Vidal Pilar Martínez Elena Mulet Rosa González Belinda López-Mesa Paul Fowler J. M. Fang 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(3):159-168
Multilayer films exhibit excellent properties for food packaging. However, existing products are not biodegradable. Conventional
plastics, manufactured from fossil fuels, not only consume non-renewable and finite resources, but also impact heavily on
waste disposal. For this reason, a new multilayer film has been developed in the Multibio Project for the production of food
packaging. In this paper, the environmental impacts of the new biodegradable multilayer film—based on modified starch and
polylactic acid (PLA)—and those of the conventional multilayer film—based on PP and PA6—are quantified in the categories of
climate change, fossil fuel depletion, acidification and eutrophication. Conventional multilayer film has a 90% higher impact
than the Multibio multilayer film. The main difference between the LCA presented and the cited literature is the inventory
data obtained in the phase of polymer processing to obtain multilayer film, and the assessment of the disposal phase of the
multilayer film wastes. 相似文献
37.
Georgina Davis Adam Read Hugh Bulson David Harrison Eric Billett 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2004,40(4):1808
The compostability of degradable polymers under open windrow composting conditions is explored within this paper. Areas for consideration were the use of, and impacts of, degradable polyethylene (PE) sacks on the composting process and the quality of the finished compost product. These factors were investigated through polymer weight loss over the composting process, the amount of polymer residue and chemical contaminants in the finished compost product, the windrow temperature profiles and a bioassay to establish plant growth and germination levels using the final compost product. This trial also included a comparative study of the weight loss under composting conditions of two different types of ‘degradable’ polymer sacks currently on the European market: PE and a starch based product. Statistical analysis of the windrow temperature profiles has led to the development of a model, which can help to predict the expected trends in the temperature profiles of open compost windrows where the organic waste is kerbside collected using a degradable PE sack. 相似文献
38.
Evaluation of the Biodegradation of Starch and Cellulose Under Controlled Composting Conditions 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Francesco Degli-Innocenti Maurizio Tosin Catia Bastioli 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1998,6(4):197-202
In order to verify the response of the controlled composting test method (i.e., the ISO/DIS 14855:1997, the ASTM D 5338-92, or the CEN counterpart) to starch at different concentrations, the maximum amount prescribed by the test method (100 g) and lower amounts (60 and 30 g), as if starch were a coingredient in a blend, were tested. After 44 days of incubation (at a constant temperature of 58°C) the biodegradation curves were in a plateau phase, displaying the following final values (referred to a nominal starch initial amount of 100 g): starch 100 g, 97.5%; starch 60 g, 63.7%; and starch 30 g, 32.5%. The data show a CO2 evolution roughly equal, in each case, to the theoretical maximum, indicating a complete starch mineralization. We cannot discern whether the deviations found at lower concentrations are caused by a priming effect. In any case, the extent of the deviations is not high and is acceptable in biodegradation studies. The average biodegradation of cellulose, obtained gathering four independent experiments with 11 biodegradation curves, turned out to be 96.8 ± 6.7% (SD) after 47 ± 1 days. The data indicate that the controlled composting is a reliable test method also for starch and cellulose and, consequently, for starch-based and cellulose-based materials. 相似文献
39.
40.
应用淀粉工业废水生产单细胞蛋白质的优良菌种选育研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
淀粉工业废水中含有丰富的有机物质,可以做为生产单细胞蛋白质的原料来源.但是,不同种微生物对淀粉工业废水中的物质利用能力不同、净化废水能力不同、菌体蛋白收率也不同.因此菌种选择是应用淀粉工业废水生产单细胞蛋白质的关键.本研究为试验室内用淀粉生产废水培养单细胞蛋白质的优良菌种的初试选择研究.试验结果认定GeotrichumLink为选用菌株. 相似文献