固定源排气中离子选择电极法测定氟化物时的几点建议

固定源排气中氟化物测定结果与采样系统加热与否,采气流量大小和分析过程中样品pH值调节的准确性等因素有较大的关系,通过对比实验,不加热和采样流量大使监测结果偏低,pH调节不当使结果偏高.     

活性炭催化氧化处理电镀厂含氰废水

本文在理论研究成果基础上尝试活性炭催化氧化处理电镀厂含氰废水的运行试验，结果表明三相流化床工艺由于传质性能优越，处理效率高，配合固定床可连续实现废水的达标排放，给企业带来了良好的环境与经济效益．     

固定污染源排气监测中排放浓度的正确折算

针对在固定源排气监测中普遍存在的排放浓度折算错误问题，根据国家有关标准对各种锅炉和炉窑的适用范围和折算值进行了分类划分，以供方便查用。     

格栅坝在泥石流防治中的应用——以汶川地震引发的烂泥沟泥石流治理为例

受汶川地震影响,四川等地泥石流治理更为迫切.泥石流的暴发具有突发性,在防治工程中,相比实体坝而言,格栅坝是一种节省材料、稳定性更高的拦挡结构,使用范围越来越广,但是目前尚无成熟的格栅坝设计方法.本文参考梳齿坝的已有理论确定了支墩间距的计算方法,并结合已有实验资料提出了格栅坝格栅间距的计算公式,改变了以往不同坝体乃至同一...     

韶关冶炼厂条格筛除尘系统的改造

分析了原条格筛除尘系统存在的问题，提出了改造方案和措施，并介绍了改造后除尘系统的运行效果。     

Injury Outcome in Crashes with Guardrail End Terminals

Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate the crash performance of guardrail end terminals in real-world crashes. Guardrail end terminals are installed at the ends of guardrail systems to prevent the rail from spearing through the car in an end-on collision. Recently, there has been a great deal of controversy as to the safety of certain widely used end terminal designs, partly because there is surprisingly little real-world crash data for end terminals. Most existing studies of end terminal crashes used data from prior to the mid-1990s. Since then, there have been large improvements to vehicle crashworthiness and seat belt usage rates, as well as new roadside safety hardware compliant with National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350, “Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features.” Additionally, most existing studies of injury in end terminal crashes do not account for factors such as the occurrence of rollover. This analysis uses more recent crash data that represent post-1990s vehicle fleet changes and account for a number of factors that may affect driver injury outcome and rollover occurrence.

Methods: Passenger vehicle crashes coded as involving guardrail end terminals were identified in the set of police-reported crashes in Michigan in 2011 and 2012. End terminal performance was expected to be a function of end terminal system design. State crash databases generally do not identify specific end terminal systems. In this study, the coded crash location was used to obtain photographs of the crash site prior to the crash from Google Street View. These site photographs were manually inspected to identify the particular end terminal system involved in the crash. Multiple logistic regression was used to test for significant differences in the odds of driver injury and rollover between different terminal types while accounting for other factors.

Results: A total of 1,001 end terminal crashes from the 2011–2012 Michigan State crash data were manually inspected to identify the terminal that had been struck. Four hundred fifty-one crashes were found to be suitable for analysis. Serious to fatal driver injury occurred in 3.8% of end terminal crashes, moderate to fatal driver injury occurred in 11.8%, and 72.3% involved property damage only. No significant difference in moderate to fatal driver injury odds was observed between NCHRP 350 compliant end terminals and noncompliant terminals. Car drivers showed odds of moderate to fatal injury 3.6 times greater than LTV drivers in end terminal crashes. Rollover occurrence was not significantly associated with end terminal type.

Conclusions: Car drivers have greater potential for injury in end terminal crashes than light truck/van/sport utility vehicle drivers. End terminal designs compliant with NCHRP 350 did not appear to carry different odds of moderate driver injury than noncompliant end terminals. The findings account for driver seat belt use, rollover occurrence, terminal orientation (leading/trailing), control loss, and the number of impact events. Rollover and nonuse of seat belts carried much larger increases in injury potential than end terminal type. Rollover did not appear to be associated with NCHRP 350 compliance.     

TiO2@酵母复合微球固定床吸附荧光增白剂-VBL的研究

研究了Ti O2@酵母复合微球在固定床中吸附阴离子型荧光增白剂-VBL(FWA-VBL)的特性,考察了溶液p H(2.0~8.0)、床层高度(1~3 cm)、进水浓度(20~80 mg·L-1)和进水流速(5~11 m L·min-1)等因素对固定床吸附特性的影响.结果表明在溶液p H为2.0,床层高度为1 cm,进水浓度为80 mg·L-1和进水流速为5 m L·min-1时,吸附剂的最大吸附量为223.80 mg·g-1.BDST、Thomas和Yoon-Nelson模型均能很好地描述不同条件下动态吸附行为,相关系数均大于0.980.同时,Ti O2@酵母复合微球具有很好的再生性能,可以重复利用4次.     

基于矿物晶体结构的场地重金属污染土壤结构化固定处置

重金属污染企业搬迁遗留场地的重金属污染问题是当前城市土地安全开发需解决的迫切环境问题。以广州市某钢铁企业搬迁遗留场地重金属污染土壤处置为例，系统研究污染重金属晶体结构化固定过程机制。对遗留场地土壤通过采样调查发现，在场地某些区域的土壤中，重金属Ni和Cd的浓度超过GB 15618-1995《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准，二次开发存在一定的环境风险。通过研发以氧化铝为基质的黏土固定剂，以一定比例与污染土壤混合后压实成型，在1100℃的温度下煅烧，通过X-射线衍射研究发现，烧结体中重金属以尖晶石晶体结构成分的形式固定。进一步采用TCLP毒性浸出程序研究烧结体中重金属的浸出风险，结果发现，烧结体中滤出液中重金属浓度均远低于GB 3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》三类水标准值，获得烧结体中重金属浸出风险低。实现了重金属污染土壤的无害化处置，对于目前重金属污染企业遗留场地土壤处置具有重要意义。     

定加速度控制在机械振动台上的实现

为了满足消防电子产品提出的正弦振动扫频试验条件,提出了一套在机械振动台上实现定加速度控制方法。通过实际测试及计量,证明该方法定振精度较高,稳定性及可靠性较好。