An Evaluation of Techniques to Control Problem Bird Species on Landfill Sites

Birds feeding on landfill sites cause problems in terms of nuisance to neighbors, flight safety, a threat to public health, and affecting the day to day site operation. A number of control measures exist to deter problem species; however, research into their effectiveness across sites and for multiple species has been limited. We use a modeling approach in order to assess the effectiveness of nine techniques — pyrotechnics, hand-held distress calls, static distress calls, blank ammunition, a combination of blank and lethal use of ammunition, the use of falcons, the use of hawks, wailers and helium-filled bird-scaring kites — at deterring three commonly recorded species — the Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus), the Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) and the Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) — from six landfill sites across the United Kingdom. The use of distress calls, falconry, and combinations of lethal and nonlethal use of ammunition were the most effective techniques for initially deterring birds from these sites. However, when habituation is considered, there is a clear difference between techniques such as falconry, which have a lethal aspect and may act to reinforce the deterrence, and the use of techniques such as distress calls, which do not. However there are problems related to legislation and public perception when lethal techniques are used.     

日照市畜牧业生产对环境的污染及其防治措施研究

畜禽粪便中大量有机污染物污染着人们赖以生存的土壤和水体,粪尿分解产生的大量有害气体污染了大气。本文结合日照市畜牧业生产的实际,对日照市畜牧业生产对环境的污染现状进行了分析,找出了日照市畜牧业生产对环境污染产生的主要原因和存在问题,提出畜牧业生产对环境污染的防治对策。     

Desorption of arsenic from drinking water distribution system solids

Previous work has shown that arsenic can accumulate in drinking water distribution system (DWDS) solids (Lytle et~al., 2004) when arsenic is present in the water. The release of arsenic back into the water through particulate transport and/or chemical release (e.g. desorption, dissolution) could result in elevated arsenic levels at the consumers' tap. The primary objective of this work was to examine the impact of pH and orthophosphate on the chemical release (i.e. desorption) of arsenic from nine DWDS solids collected from utilities located in the Midwest. Arsenic release comparisons were based on the examination of arsenic and other water quality parameters in leach water after contact with the solids over the course of 168~hours. Results showed that arsenic was released from solids and suggested that arsenic release was a result of desorption rather than dissolution. Arsenic release generally increased with increasing initial arsenic concentration in the solid and increasing pH levels (in the test range of 7 to 9). Finally, orthophosphate (3 and 5 mg PO₄/L) increased arsenic release at all pH values examined. Based on the study results, utilities with measurable levels of arsenic present in their water should be aware that some water quality changes can cause arsenic release in the DWDS potentially resulting in elevated levels at the consumer's tap.     

生态环境监理——天津市大港区的探索

环境保护包括污染防治和生态保护两大方面 ,目前 ,在污染源治理取得明显效果 ,生态环境遭受不同程度破坏的情况下 ,实施生态环境监理势在必行。大港区环保局就生态环境监理开展了探索性的工作。     

畜禽粪便除臭及生物干燥技术研究进展

综述了近几年来国内外畜禽粪便除臭及脱水技术的研究进展,其中对生物干燥技术的发展进行了比较详细的介绍,以期推动我国畜禽粪便处理技术水平的提高。     

论社区可持续发展规划与调控

本文对社区可持续发展规划的原则、步骤、主要内容以及可持续发展系统调控的手段等问题进行了研究。     

关于我国21世纪农业清洁生产的思考

现代工业的出现和工业化进程的不断发展,使生态环境受到污染和破坏。清洁生产因突破了传统的终端污染控制的被动局面,在工业领域得到推广应用。然而,以高度集约化和大量化学物质投入为重要特征的现代农业,所导致的环境污染问题也日益严峻。因此,为达到农业生产与生态环境协调发展的目的,农业清洁生产应成为２１世纪农业发展模式和农业环保策略,其关键是开发绿色农用品,改进农业生产技术。     

生物过滤技术在大气污染控制中的应用

生物过滤是控制大气污染的经济有效技术,具有较好的发展前景。本文介绍了生物过滤技术处理废气的研究,应用历史,现状,和生物过滤理论,分析了工艺的使用范围,设计及运行控制要点,列举了应用的范例。     

镧改性膨润土对底泥内源磷控制效果

以商业化的锁磷材料—镧改性膨润土(Phoslock?)为对象,研究了Phoslock?对磷的吸附动力学和等温线,同时研究了材料对上覆水体以及底泥内源磷释放的控制效果.结果表明,Phoslock?对磷的吸附可以用Langmuir模型拟合,相关性达到0.96,模型计算磷的最大吸附量为10.4mgP/g,且磷吸附符合拟一级和...     

城镇景观水体水质控制技术分析

本文针对上海城镇小型景观水体水质污染特征,分析了充氧曝气、人工湿地、曝气生物滤池等工艺技术在小型景观水体水质净化中的应用,提出各种小型景观水体水质控制技术的特点和适用范围,为2010年上海世博会园区内景观水体水质控制方法提供参考,也为其他小型景观水体的建设和运行提供借鉴。