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681.
深圳湾生态系统多环芳烃(PAHs)特征及其生态危害 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
2004年在深圳湾海域采集海水、悬浮物、表层沉积物和柱状沉积物样品,并分析其中15种多环芳烃的含量及其相关参数,同时采用210Pb法测定柱状沉积物的年龄.结果表明,海水、悬浮物、表层沉积物和柱状沉积物中总的PAHs含量分别为(69.4±24.7)ng·L-1、(429.1±231.8)ng·g-1、(353.8±128.1)ng·g-1和(321.1±134.6)ng·g-1,各介质优势组分均为菲、荧蒽和芘;1948~2004年期间,深圳湾柱状沉积物中PAH各单体的浓度总体上一直在增加,PAHs的平均沉积通量为89.9ng/(cm2·a);PAH各单体在沉积物/海水中的分配系数(Koc)与其相应的辛醇/水比(Kow)存在明显的正相关性,即可用PAH的Kow值来预测深圳湾海域PAH的Koc.目前,水体与沉积物中PAH含量对该海域的水生生物尚未构成威胁. 相似文献
682.
683.
春季渤海湾大型底栖动物群落结构特征研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
本文以2009年5月渤海湾近岸海域采集的大型底栖动物样品和环境资料为基础,分析其群落结构特征,并运用香浓-维纳多样性指数、AZTI海洋生物指数(AZTI's Marine Biotic Index,AMBI)和多元AZTI生物指数(Multivariate-AMBI,M-AMBI)对渤海湾底栖生态环境质量状况进行评价.结果表明,渤海湾底栖动物群落的物种数、栖息密度、生物量及多样性指数低值区皆集中在河口区、排污口区以及港口附近海域,群落结构比较脆弱,物种明显小型化、低质化.渤海湾受到干扰最严重的区域集中在黄骅港、蓟运河口、北塘排污口以及南、北排水河口区附近海域.盐度、水深等环境因子及围海造陆、污染物排放等人为干扰因素联合作用,直接或间接地影响渤海湾大型底栖动物群落.与历史资料相比,渤海湾底栖生物群落发生了较大变化,物种数、生物量和栖息密度急剧下降,河口、排污口区以及港口附近尤为明显;渤海湾环境质量状况可能较优于莱州湾、辽东湾. 相似文献
684.
Three sediment cores were collected in November 2003 from Dagu estuary to Qikou estuary. The main polluted heavy metals in the sediment of tidal zones for the Bohai Bay have been found by analyzing the relationship among the contents of heavy metals, the contents of geochemical elements (Fe, AI and Mn) and the size of grain. The dominating contaminative elements in tidal sediments of Bohai Bay are Pb, Zn and Cd. Their contents are higher than the corresponding upper limit of environmental background values and they have very faint correlation with the corresponding contents of geochemical elements and the size of grain, indicating the anthropogenic enrichment. Especially, the preliminary study on the pollution sources and the history of heavy metals in the Dagu estuary has been done using the dated results. The contamination by Zn and Cd also started in the middle 1950s, while the contamination by Pb appeared in the early 1940s. The pollution by Zn and Cd mainly originate from sewage discharge, while the pollution by Pb has many sources, like atmosphere deposition and industrial discharRe. 相似文献
685.
Juliano S. Gueretz Filipe A. Da Silva Edésio L. Simionatto Jean-François Férard Claudemir M. Radetski 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(3):257-264
AbstractThe Parati River contributes to the Babitonga Bay water complex, but the contents of the bay also influence the river during periods of inverted currents. In this study, the water quality along four stretches of the Parati River and Babitonga Bay was evaluated using chemical (physico-chemical and chromatographic analysis), microbiological (fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis) and ecotoxicological (Lumistox) methods to assess the reciprocal influence of the waters of this river-bay system. In addition, the most appropriate type of analysis for the monitoring of the estuarine region of the Parati River was identified. The results of six sampling campaigns showed that the type of contaminants and their levels varied temporally and spatially and thus the water quality also changed. Anthropogenic activity, such as banana cultivation and the release of sewage into the water system, is the primary cause of the contamination that affects the quality of the water in the Parati River estuary, which is a crucial ecological niche for the reproduction of various marine species. The ecotoxicity tests with Aliivibrio fischeri conducted to evaluate the water quality showed an integrative response, and the ecotoxicity data indicated that the Parati River does not have a significant influence on the water quality of Babitonga Bay. 相似文献
686.
687.
加强区域大气污染联防联控、加快改善空气质量、早日对标世界先进水平是粤港澳大湾区生态环境建设的重要任务。本文总结了美国和加拿大的跨境大气污染防控合作体制机制建设方面的经验,基于粤港澳大湾区"一国两制三法域"特征下的区域大气污染协同防控需求和不足,从建立区域性权威管理机构和技术支撑机构,联合开展跨界科研、中长期政策制定和实施情况跟踪评估等方面提出深化粤港澳大湾区区域大气污染防控合作体制机制建设,进一步推进区域大气污染协同改善的策略建议,为粤港澳大湾区的大气污染防治提供借鉴。 相似文献
688.
Singh KP Malik A Mohan D Singh VK Sinha S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,118(1-3):211-230
Surface sediment samples collected from the Salina Cruz Bay in the last twenty years, were analyzed for the total available
trace elements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, V, and Zn) to evaluate metal contamination due to possible anthropogenic inputs. Normalization
of metals to iron and fine-grained fraction (< 63 μm) indicated relatively high enrichment factors for lead during the last two decades. Sediment Quality Guidelines suggest
that lead must be considered as a chemical of potential concern in the marine and estuarine ecosystem. Concentration levels
of lead ranged from 5–124 μg/g, while Ni and V below 70 and 30 μg/g, respectively. Geoaccumulation and enrichment factors for the rest of elements show
comparable values to those reported for sites with similar activities in the world. Spatial distribution suggests that in
addition to harbor activities, a transboundary source for Pb must account for the observed trends. 相似文献
689.
This paper summarizes sampling results from NOAA's National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program for marine environmental quality in Delaware Bay. A stratified-random design was used to determine the spatial extent of sediment contamination and toxicity in Delaware Bay from offshore stations in the coastal zone, the lower estuary, the upper estuary, the fresh/salt mixing zone, and tidal fresh areas. Sediment samples were taken for chemical analyses of major classes of environmental contaminants, a suite of toxicity bioassays, and benthic macrofaunal community assessment to identify patterns of resident species. The tidal-fresh areas and portions of the mixing zone of the study area were heavily contaminated. Contaminant concentrations were frequently above the 90th percentile of EMAP Virginian Province levels. PAHs in the sediment were higher than previously documented, with a major component of PAHs being pyrogenic in origin. Bioassay results were highly variable. Toxicity and contaminant levels were correlated when aggregated into indices, but were only marginally correlated with benthic community impacts. High and low abundance stations were found in all zones. Most of the tidal fresh stations were dominated by pollution tolerant species. Species diversity and abundance were generally lowest in the fresh/salt mixing zone. 相似文献
690.