Conversion regular patterns of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in UASB reactor

On the basis of continuous tests and batch tests, conversion regular patterns of acetate, propionate and butyrate in activated sludge at different heights of the UASB reactor were conducted. Results indicated that the conversion capacity of the microbe is decided by the substrate characteristic when sole VFA is used as the only substrate. But when mixed substrates are used, the conversion regulations would have changed accordingly.Relationships of different substrates vary according to their locations. In the whole reactor, propionate‘s conversion is restrained by acetate and butyrate of high concentration. On the top and at the bottom of the reactor, conversion of acetate, but butyrate, is restrained by propionate. And in the midst, acetate‘s conversion is accelerated by propionate while that of butyrate is restrained. It is proved, based on the analysis of specific conversion rate, that the space distribution of the microbe is the main factor that affects substrates‘ conversion. The ethanol-type fermentation of the acidogenicophase is the optimal acid-type fermentation for the two-phase anaerobic process.     

Comparison between controlled landfill reactor and conditioned landfill bioreactor

Bioreactor landfills allow a more active landfill management that recognizes the biological, chemical and physical processes involved in a landfill environment. The laboratory-scale simulators of landfill reactors treating municipal solid wastes were studied, the effect of solid waste size, leachate recirculation, nutrient balance, pH value, moisture content and temperature on the rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) biodegradation were determined, and it indicated the optimum pH value, moisture content and temperature decomposing MSW. The results of waste biodegradation were compared with that of the leachate-recirculated landfill simulator and conservative sanitary landfill simulator. In the control experiment the antitheses of a decreasing trend of the organic load, measured as biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, was shown. An obvious enhancement of effective disposal from conservative sanitary landfill (CSL) simulator, to the leachate-recirculated landfill (LRL) simulator and to the conditioned bioreactor landfill(CBL) simulator would be noted, through displaying the compared results of solid waste settlement, heavy, metal concentration in leachate, methane production rate, biogas composition, BOD and COD as well as their ratio.     

Characteristics of aerobic granules grown on glucose a sequential batch shaking reactor

Aerobic heterotrophic granular sludge was cultivated in a sequencing batch shaking reactor(SBSR) in which a synthetic wastewater containing glucose as carbon source was fed. The characteristics of the aerobic granules were investigated. Compared with the conventional activated sludge flocs, the aerobic granules exhibit excellent physical characteristics in terms of settleability, size, shape, biomass density, and physical strength.Scanning electron micrographs revealed that in mature granules little filamentous bacteria could be found, rod-shaded and coccoid bacteria were the dominant microorqanisms.     

应用多导流筒气升式环流生物反应器处理化肥工业含氨废水

在天津××化工厂建立了一套反应器有效体积为80m3的低高径比、多导流筒气升式环流生物反应器处理化肥工业含氨废水的装置。针对影响生物硝化效果的影响因素气液比、水力停留时间进行了考察,得到了操作的优化条件气液比为50∶1,水力停留时间为5h。在此条件下,该装置对废水中的COD_(Cr)和NH4+-N的去除率分别在75%和98%以上,出水中COD_(Cr)<50mg/L,NH4+-N<10mg/L。     

膜-序批式生物反应器处理生活污水

采用膜-序批式生物反应器处理生活污水,在不排泥条件下考察了系统连续运行的稳定性。结果表明在气水比为35∶1、运行周期为5.75h时,系统出水稳定,COD_(Cr)、氨氮和浊度平均去除率分别为89.8%、99.3%、99.6%;膜自身的平均去除率分别为10.2%、0.1%、9.5%。膜分离过程强化了系统处理效果;膜操作压力(TMP)上升缓慢,出水水质优于生活杂用水水质标准。     

不同工况耦合生物反应器处理低C/N比生活污水试验

在全程好氧工况或低氧+厌氧+好氧工况下,采用耦合生物反应器处理低CN生活污水和污泥减量的试验结果表明:在进水CODCr负荷0.80～1.20kg(m3·d)、NH+4N浓度70～90mgL、TN浓度75～110mgL、HRT=8h、温度约25℃条件下,CODCr和NH4N去除率均可达85%和90%以上;采用低氧+厌氧+好氧工况较全程好氧工况具有更高的TN去除率和更低的污泥产率,其TN去除率高达81.1%,污泥产率为0.065kgkg。     

UASB-生物接触氧化工艺处理鸡爪加工废水实例

鸡爪加工废水含油脂、悬浮物较高,是一种较难处理的有机废水。采用隔油-厌氧(UASB)-生物接触氧化-絮凝联合处理工艺处理鸡爪加工废水,结果表明:工艺是可行的,处理后出水可达标排放。     

SMBR不同特性膜处理城市内河道水对比试验研究

用一体浸没式膜生物反应器(SMBR)不同特性膜处理上海市城市内河道水,结果表明,SMBR对氨氮含量较高的富营养化河水,氨氮的去除率在90%以上,但对COD的平均去除率仅为50%.比较两种膜的运行性能,亲水性膜在运行通量和通量恢复能力上,均比疏水性膜优越.两种膜的出水水质几乎没有差异.     

用活性炭粒子群电催化反应器处理氯苯和硝基苯生产废水

采用自制的活性炭粒子群电催化反应器对氯苯和硝基苯生产废水进行处理,考察了槽电流、停留时间对氯苯、硝基苯去除效果的影响。在槽电流20-25A、停留时间30min的条件下,氯苯生产废水中的氯苯质量浓度为3．3～109．9mg／L、苯质量浓度为13．1—395．7mg／L时,氯苯和苯的去除率分别在99％和97％以上,TOC和色度的去除率分别在71％和92％以上;硝基苯生产废水中硝基苯、二硝基苯酚、对硝基氯苯的质量浓度分别为4．5—292．3,83．3—348．0,69．5—93．9mg／L时,硝基苯和二硝基苯酚的去除率分别在96％和99％以上,TOC和色度去除率分别在90％和98％以上,对硝基氯苯在出水中未检出。     

序批式反应器处理精对苯二甲酸废水

采用序批式反应器（SBR）处理模拟精对苯二甲酸（PTA）废水,考察了曝气量、沉降时间、进水方式等对对苯二甲酸（TA）生物降解效果的影响。实验结果表明,对于TA质量浓度小于1500mg／L的废水,采用完全曝气SBR运行4h,TA和COD的去除率均能达到95％以上,TA平均去除速率随TA浓度的增加而增大。TA质量浓度为1500mg／L时,曝气量、沉降时间和进水方式是影响其降解效果的主要因素。采用SBR处理高浓度PTA废水可克服污泥膨胀和抗冲击负荷能力弱的问题,且系统的稳定性和PTA废水的处理效果较好。