用14C示踪技术研究摇蚊幼虫对农药的富集作用

摇蚊幼虫是淡水湖泊中分布广泛、数量极大的底栖动物。它们生活在底泥中,位移能力很小,个体又较大,被认为是水质监测和生态毒理学研究的理想生物。底栖动物能大量富集水中微量的有毒物质,这已有许多报道,而有关摇蚊幼虫富集底泥中的有毒物质的报道甚少,国内至今尚未见报道。摇蚊幼虫富集毒物与其它底栖动物比较,其生态学意义更大,因为摇蚊幼虫除了作为鱼饵通过水生食物链浓缩和转移毒物外,大量的幼虫终将羽化为成虫,一批批飞离水体,有毒物质有可能较快地被消除掉。     

The BOR syndrome and renal agenesis-prenatal diagnosis andfurther clinical delineation

This is the first report of prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with brachio-oto-renal dysplasia (BOR) syndrome with right-sided renal agenesis and severe left hypoplasia. The father of this fetus had malformed external ears, a left-sided preauricular pit and branchial cyst, and bilateral mild to moderate deafness without a demonstrable renal anomaly. This family highlights the variable expressivity seen in the autosomal dominant BOR syndrome, the importance of genetic counselling for families with BOR syndrome, and the aetiologic heterogeneity of renal agenesis.     

聚酰胺胺树形分子在染料废水处理中的应用研究

使用聚酰胺胺 (PAMAM)树形分子对以酸性红B为代表的 1 2种水溶性染料模拟废水进行脱色处理。研究了溶液的酸度、时间、以及PAMAM的加入量对脱色率的影响。研究表明 ,PAMAM树形分子对水溶性染料具有优异的脱色效果 ,在pH =1～ 9较宽的范围内 ,PAMAM在 1 0mg/L的条件下 ,1 0min左右即能使多数模拟废水脱色 98%以上 ,CODCr去除率大多在 96 %左右。     

苏州河氨化菌分布及生理生化研究

对苏州河氨化菌进行了生态调查,并对其进行了生理生化分析。研究结果表明,苏州河水体中氨化菌数量普遍较高,上游至下游氨化菌数量逐步增多。赵屯至北新泾5个断面之间的差异很小,均在104个/mL左右,浙江路桥和武宁路桥的氨化菌数量要比上游的5个断面高出1个数量级。苏州河下游武宁路桥和浙江路桥断面水体中全年氨化菌数量季节变化较大。氯化菌的数量与水体中总氮和氨氮成正比,与硝酸盐成反比。     

建筑物生命周期评价初步

应用生命周期评价的理论与方法对建筑物整个生命周期的各阶段进行了初步分析 ,通过Athena模型比较了不同结构建筑物环境影响因子 ,找出建筑结构与环境影响之间的关系 ,得到了有意义的结果 ,从而为优化建筑结构及推行新型环保材料提供理论依据。     

Microbiological quality of roof tank water in an urban village in southeastern China

Urban villages are unique residential neighborhoods in urban areas in China. Roof tanks are their main form of water supply, and water quality deterioration might occur in this system because of poor hygienic conditions and maintenance. In this study, water samples were seasonally collected from an urban village to investigate the influence of roof tanks as an additional water storage device on the variation in the microbial community structure and pathogenic gene markers. Water stagnation in th...     

我国水体沉积物中多环芳烃的污染现状与生态效应

多环芳烃（PAHs）是一大类广泛存在于环境中的有机污染物，在水体中其主要归宿是沉积物。文中对国内外各地表层沉积物中多环芳烃的浓度的进行对比的基础上，分析了我国水体沉积物中多环芳烃的污染现状，结果表明处于低一中等水平，就而部分区域如黄河流域的沉积物达到高生态风险区的标准。     

利用硫铁矿烧渣和硫酸铵废液制备铵铁蓝

将氨法制铁黄所产生的硫酸铵废液净化后,加入硫铁矿烧渣制备得到的硫酸亚铁得到硫酸亚铁和硫酸铵混合溶液,其硫酸亚铁和硫酸铵Ё浓度分别为0.346和0.173 mol·L-1.按照硫酸亚铁与亚铁氰化钠物质的量比为1.15:1,将硫酸亚铁和硫酸铵混合溶液加入浓度为0.200 mol·L-1的亚铁氰化钠溶液中,80℃下反应10 min得到白浆.将所得白浆在100℃下热煮1 h,加入质量分数为50%的硫酸溶液酸煮2 h,降温至70℃后加入质量分数为10%的氯酸钠溶液氧化3 h得到铁蓝.将铁蓝过滤、洗涤、干燥、研磨得到铵铁蓝粉末.实验所得铵铁蓝质量优于国家标准GB 1860-88及HG/T 3001-1999行业标准.SEM实验表明,铵铁蓝颗粒大小均匀、粒径约为20 nm;XRD实验表明,铵铁蓝具有与Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3相同的立方晶体结构.     

Approaches to municipal wastewater irrigation and environmental protection

To reuse the water and nutrient resources from ecological point of view the goals, criteria and constraint conditions of the scientifically municipal wastewater irrigation are discussed as well as the practice in major municipal wastewater irrigation areas in China is introduced, of which particularly the effects of municipal water irrigation mixing with oil refinery wastewater on the agricultural ecosystem are studied and described. It has been revealed that benzo(a)pyrene in various parts of paddy crop is attributed to air pollution, water-soil pollution and biosynthesis of plant. Of exogenous contributions of benzo(a)pyrene in paddy shoot system under natural condition, the dominant factor is the air pollution, whereas the water-soil factor is considered to be secondary. Therefore, it is mostly urgent to control the air pollution source of benzo(a)pyrene, to which the edible parts of various green plants are exposed directly.