海港城市的声环境规划

概要分析海港城市声环境的特征;论述了海港城市编制声环境规划的必要性和紧迫性,并提出了声环境规划的步骤和方法;还介绍了连云港市的声环境规划。     

环境保护投资择优标准及其辅助决策模型研究

指出了环境保护投资的优化是区域内相对最优而非点最优。从阐明环保投资与环境质量和环境经济效益之间的关系特征出发,提出新的环保投资择优标准,并给出了依据这一标准的辅助决策模型用于分析环保投资相对优化的问题。      

AHP法在城市生态系统质量评价中的应用

AHP法是规划决策管理的有效工具,本文通过在城市生态系统质量评价中AHP法的应用着重阐述了城市生态系统的层次结构分析和在多级递阶结构的基础上,经过判断矩阵的建立和运算,为城市生态系统质量评价中权重确定的科学化提供了定量的依据。      

城市环境综合整治最优规划模型和应用

本文是将大规模系统数学规则方法应用于城市环境综合规划的探索。通过建立耦合模块把水环境保护,大气环境保护,固体废弃物管理以及经济发展、能源、资源利用等有机地结合在一起,实现了各环境要素真正的综合规划,而不是简单的线性迭加,实例研究定量地考证了水环境和大气环境污染控制之间的相关性,从理论和实践两个方面证实城市环境综合规划的必要性。      

Some questions regarding problem definition in coastal management research

The aim of this paper is to explore the issue of problem definition in coastal (zone) management, with particular emphasis on social and institutional aspects. Do the existing scientific theories provide the necessary tools for open formulation of questions or problem definition, without preconceived ideas? Or are they rigid frameworks, which lead our curiosity along well-paved trails to predetermined results? Formulation of the right questions is probably the most important step in arriving at relevant answers.     

Conservation and management-oriented ecological research in the coastal zone of Baja California, Mexico

This paper presents the main results of two studies of contrasting natural and man-induced conditions along the Pacific coast of Baja California (Mexico), based on the assumption that ecological insight can be obtained from man-induced modifications insofar as relevant activities are explicitly addressed as parts of the systems under study. The study is concerned with a fragmented coastal succulent-sage scrub and showed that several patches of different size and age may harbor as many species as non-fragmented areas, and that 83% of the original species assemblage persisted in the fragments, in which the invasion by opportunistic exotic species may not progress beyond certain limits. The study of dune-backed and urban-backed beaches showed a significantly greater abundance of the Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) at the dune-backed beach, where a much more active back-shore feeding of adult birds and the only evidences of breeding occurred. Both studies refer to landscape features of regional concern and its results may be used in conservation management. The results on fragmented coastal succulentsage scrub may encourage alternative urban designs that keep patches of the original landscape, thus meeting existing requirements of low density urban development for most of the coastal succulent-sage scrub area. The evidence presented on the negative effects of dune destruction on the abundance, feeding and reproductive performance of a threatened bird species has a bearing on the topic of biodiversity management. It may also contribute to the conservation of the coastal dunes system.     

Soil lead (Pb) in residential transects through Lubbock,Texas: a preliminary assessment

Residential lead (Pb) contamination, resulting from decades-long use of leaded gasoline and lead-based paint, is likely to be present in soils in most urban areas. A screening level sampling effort demonstrated that Lubbock, Texas, USA, like other cities of its age and size, has areas of elevated soil Pb. This effort was based on soil sampling performed on residential, commercial and thoroughfare properties. The focus of this study was to investigate that component of soil contamination due to combustion of leaded gasoline. Soils were collected from the 1–2 cm surface layer from street-side property borders, well away from buildings that might lead to soil contamination from leaded paint chips. All samples were analyzed for Pb after a 1 M HNO₃ mild extraction to determine the amount of bioavailable Pb. Two of three transects through the city demonstrated significant trends of decreasing Pb concentrations with distance from the city center, paralleling a decrease in developed property age. Peak soil Pb concentrations outside city development was 4.9 ± 0.6 mg/kg while the median concentration for the city was 35.4 mg/kg. Peak soil Pb concentrations in the city center ranged from 90.0 to 174.0 mg/kg and decreased exponentially to 6.0–9.0 mg/kg at the furthest terminus of the residential transects.     

混合加权模式在环境空气质量评价中的应用

应用混合加权地某城区的环境空气质量进行评价,并与均值型和上海医科大学空气质量指数模式相比较,认为用模型比较多个监测点的环境空气质量的优劣比均值型和上海医科大学指数模式均优越。     

安全农产品生产基地环境认证和环境建设的现状与发展

分析了安全农产品生产基地环境认证与环境建设现状 ,强调指出生产基地环境认证和环境建设是控制农产品安全的源头 ,对我国安全农产品生产基地环境认证与环境建设中存在的问题进行了探讨 ,提出了解决的对策和发展的方向     

发达国家工业场地拆迁过程中污染防治管理经验及启示

综述了欧美发达国家工业企业搬迁中环境管理的方法,重点介绍了德国、英国、美国在管理工业场地拆迁方面的主要法规、工作规范和危险防控规程等内容,并在此基础上总结了其管理经验。分析了我国工业场地拆迁管理面临的问题,借鉴国外经验,提出了建立工业企业拆迁场地环境管理法律法规框架、制定详细的操作流程和规范、建立工业搬迁场地信息系统等建议。