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301.
Joris Mergaert Kurt Ruffieux Christophe Bourban Virginie Storms Wim Wagemans Erich Wintermantel Jean Swings 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2000,8(1):17-27
A simple and rapid in vitro test was designed for the assessment of the biodegradation of polyester-based plastics by selected biodegrading bacterial strains. Variovorax paradoxus LMG 16137 was used for the degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae LMG 17238 fo the synthetic-based polyesters poly(-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate), and a starch-PCL blend. Degradation by the bacteria was studied in liquid medium with the plastics (films, granules, and injection-molded test bars) as sole sources of carbon. Degradation was followed through gravimetry, growth of the culture, and tensile testing. The effects of incubation time, inoculum density, aeration, incubation temperature, and pH of the medium on the mass loss were investigated and conditions optimized. The test allowed to obtain reproducible results on the mass loss of plastic samples in less than 3 weeks and yielded excellent partially degraded samples for further analysis. 相似文献
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ZHANG Ya-lei FANG Zhen-wei XU De-qiang XIAO Yi-ping ZHAO Jian-fu QIANG Zhi-min 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(2):271-275
An aerobic bacterium strain, F-3-4, capable of effectively degrading 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol(2,6-DTBP), was isolated and screened out from an acrylic fiber wastewater and the biofilm in the wastewater treatment facilities. This strain was identified as Alcaligenes sp. through morphological, physiological and biochemical examinations. After cultivation, the strain was enhanced by 26.3% in its degradation capacity for 2,6-DTBP. Results indicated that the strain was able to utilize 2,6-DTBP, lysine, lactamine, citrate, n-utenedioic acid and malic acid as the sole carbon and energy source, alkalinize acetamide, asparagine, L-histidine, acetate, citrate and propionate,but failed to utilize glucose, D-fructose, D-seminose, D-xylose, sedne and phenylalanine as the sole carbon and energy source. The optimal growth conditions were determined to be: temperature 37℃, pH 7.0, inoculum size 0.1% and shaker rotary speed 250 r/min. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation kinetics of 2,6-DTBP with an initial concentration of 100 mg/L was studied. Results indicated that 62.4% of 2,6-DTBP was removed after 11 d. The degradation kinetics could be expressed by Eckenfelder equation with a half life of 9.38 d. In addition, the initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP played an important role on the degradation ability of the strain. The maximum initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP was determined to be 200 mg/L. Above this level, the strain was overloaded and exhibited significant inhibition. 相似文献
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We successfully assessed a fetus at risk for lethal infantile hypophosphatasia using amniocyte DNA and allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes for two missense mutations in the tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme (TNSALP) gene. The nucleotide changes had been discovered in a sister who died at 8 months of age from this inborn error of metabolism. The mother was known to carry the 747 (cDNA) G→A transition, whereas her husband and 5-year-old daughter, who were also healthy, carried the 1309 A→T transversion. Amniocytes, obtained at 16 weeks' gestation, provided genomic DNA for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the appropriate TNSALP gene exons. ASO hybridization revealed absence of the 747A mutation and presence of the 1309T base change in the fetus, indicating a carrier for hypophosphatasia. At 8 months of age, the offspring was in excellent health and without any radiological evidence of skeletal disease. His serum ALP activity and plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate level were decreased and increased, respectively, at levels consistent with the prenatal assessment. The ASO studies were confirmed postnatally using peripheral blood leukocyte DNA. This is the first application of direct mutational analysis to assess a fetus at risk for hypophosphatasia. 相似文献
307.
在pH值=4.0的条件下,Hg2 ,I-与罗丹明6G(R6G)形成三元离子缔合物.由于HgI4(R6G)2分子间存在较强的分子间作用力和疏水作用力而生成[HgI4-(R6G)2]n纳米微粒.在320 nm处产生一灵敏共振散射(即共振瑞利散射)光谱峰.Hg质量浓度在0.004~0.36 mg·L-1范围内与共振散射光强度呈现出良好线性关系.实验结果表明,本法具有灵敏度较高、选择性较好等特点.用于水样中微量Hg的测定,效果良好. 相似文献
308.
Prenatal diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease was performed using the sulphated substrate 4- methylumbelliferyl-6-sulpho-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside to detect hexosaminidase A in chorionic villi. The presence or absence of hexosaminidase A in villi was detected by both a quantitative enzyme assay, and by a rapid, novel procedure which permitted visual discrimination between normal and affected villi. 相似文献
309.
Whenchromiteisrefinedtoproducesilicoferrochromealloy,akindofslagcontainingchromiumisformed,knownasferrochromeslag.Itconsistsofmainlycalciumoxide,siliconbioxideandafewbichromiumtrioxide.Becauseofit○slargeproductionandalsobecauseitcontainsharmfulCr6+w… 相似文献
310.
以L-鼠李糖为原料,首先合成6-脱氧塔罗糖的生物(5),再经过一系列反应得到2-O-乙酰基-3,4-二O-苄基-6-脱氧α-L-塔罗吡喃糖氯代物(9),在下醇钾的作用下,化合物9很容易关环得到最终产物1,2-内醚糖。 相似文献