服装商店火灾的实体灭火试验研究

为研究服装商店火灾蔓延和燃烧的特性及其对消防部队灭火作战的影响,按照真实的场景布置并进行了两次通风条件不同的服装商店火灾的实体灭火试验.试验结果显示由于服装商店内可燃物较多,燃烧耗氧量大,火灾的蔓延和强度受通风状况的影响较大.在供氧充足的情况下,服装商店火灾的蔓延发展可以分为引燃阶段、缓慢发展阶段和快速发展阶段三个阶段.当火灾发展到快速发展阶段的时候,火场的温度和烟气浓度很高,能见度低,灭火困难,导致灭火时间长,消防用水量大.     

江西铜业公司东乡铜矿通风系统测定

对东乡铜矿通风系统现状作了简述,介绍了该矿通风系统技术、经济指标测定的方法,并对该矿通风系统作了评述。     

水平风对不同液位深度酒精池火火焰长度的影响

通过改变风速、液位深度的大小,研究边界条件变化对酒精池火火焰长度的影响。研究结果表明：在无量纲液位深度小于一定值时,酒精池火的火焰长度会随着风速的增加而增大,当无量纲液位深度较大时,油盘外部酒精池火的火焰长度基本为0。风速相同而液位深度不同时,酒精池火的火焰长度会随着液位深度的增大首先增大,而后逐渐减小。这主要是因为,液位深度较大时,燃料表面的供氧量降低导致燃烧效率降低,最终导致火焰长度的减小。     

角联风路的自动识别

分析风路的稳定性，是保障矿井安全的基础，而角联风路的识别是分析风路稳定性的基础，本文论述了角联风路的自动识别的数学模型以及在解决矿井安全方面的应用问题，用此自动识别的数学模型及其实用方法对辽宁铁法矿务局大明一矿的角联风路进行判别。     

矿井(煤矿)通风系统安全度

分析了矿井（煤矿）通风系统的安全性,提出了评价矿井通风系统安全性的指标,确定了矿井通风系统安全性等级。     

祁南煤矿通风系统分析与优化

笔者在祁南煤矿通风技术测定的基础上 ,对该矿井通风系统的稳定性、通风阻力分布情况和主要通风机工作性能进行了详细分析。根据该矿井生产实际和计算机模拟结果 ,指出祁南煤矿通风系统优化的首要任务是在中央风井系统迅速果断地采取有效的降阻措施 ,以实现主要通风机的安全稳定运行。并从相对长远的观点考虑 ,对通风系统优化的总体规划和实施方案作了必要的分析。     

矿井通风系统评价指标体系的研究

一个良好的矿井通风系统应该在技术先进的前提下实现“安全可靠、经济合理”的运行,笔者把上述8个字作为矿井通风系统评价的基本内容并给出定义:矿井通风系统为通风方式、通风动力、通风网络、通风设施等总称;以矿井通风系统的定义所规定的各项内容并结合对矿井通风系统经济性、安全性的要求为依据,从矿井通风动力、通风网络、通风设施、通风质量、通风监测、防灾抗灾能力、通风电耗、通风能力等8个方面共确定了16项矿井通风系统评价指标;建立了一套系统、科学的矿井通风系统评价指标体系。该体系比较全面地反映矿井通风系统的状况,可在实际中推广应用     

基于通风网络理论的采空区自燃过程数值模拟

把采空区多孔介质空间假想成由漏风通道组成的通风网络 ,各漏风分支的风阻则按采空区的实际特性给予赋值 ,然后采用通风网络理论、流体力学与传热学理论 ,对新集矿 130 7工作面采空区的简化模型进行了自燃过程的模拟。其模拟结果经实测与分析 ,证明是合理的。因此 ,采用该方法模拟采空区煤炭自燃过程是可行的 ,具有很高的实用价值     

Biodegradation of triclosan and triclocarban in sewage sludge during composting under three ventilation strategies

TCS and TCC can be biodegraded during sewage sludge composting. Ventilation significantly accelerated the biodegradation of TCS and TCC in sludge. Composting can reduce the environmental risk of TCS and TCC in sewage sludge. Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are widely used in home and personal care products as antimicrobial agents. After these products are used, TCS and TCC enter the terrestrial environment and pose a great risk to humans and animals. In this research, the biodegradation of TCS and TCC was investigated during sewage sludge composting with ventilation rates of 108, 92, and 79 m³/min. TCS and TCC were mainly biodegraded in the mesophilic and thermophilic phases, and the biodegradation rates improved with an increase in ventilation. After sewage sludge was composted for 16 days with forced ventilation (108 m³/min), the concentration of TCS decreased from 497.4 to 214.5 μg/kg, and the concentration of TCC decreased from 823.2 to 172.7 μg/kg. The biodegradation rates of TCS and TCC were 65.2% and 83.1%, respectively. However, after the sewage sludge was stacked for 16 days, the biodegradation rates of TCS and TCC were only 17.0% and 18.2%, respectively. The environmental risks of TCS and TCC in the sewage sludge piles significantly decreased after composting. In the sludge pile with a ventilation rate of 108 m³/min, the RQ values of TCS and TCC decreased from 8.29 and 20.58 to 3.58 and 4.32 after composting for 16 days, respectively. There is still a high risk if the sludge compost is directly used as a culture substrate. Nevertheless, the environmental risk could be decreased distinctly if a reasonable quantity of sludge compost is applied to land to ensure an RQ of<1 for TCS and TCC.     

Ventilation theory and dispersion modelling applied to hazardous area classification

Critical formulae given in the current Explosive Atmospheres Hazardous Area Classification Standard IEC 60079-10-1 (2008) [BS EN 60079-10-1, 2009] to determine the expected gas cloud volume which is used to determine area classification do not have any scientific justification. The standard does allow the alternative use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods, which serve to compound the concern with these formulae: the predicted volume of the gas cloud from CFD models being several orders of magnitude smaller than that given by the formulae in question. To resolve such major discrepancies, replacement of the current formulae with a scientifically validated approach is proposed. Integral models of dispersion and ventilation have been used routinely for many years in the analysis of major hazards in the chemical industry. This paper presents an adaptation of these models to determine the expected volume of a gas cloud arising from a release of gas from a pressurised source. A very simple integral jet model is presented for outdoor dispersion, extended to the case of indoor dispersion, from which the volume of the gas cloud is derived. The single free parameter, an entrainment coefficient, is fixed by comparison with data on a free jet, and then predictions of the model are compared with CFD calculations (which themselves have been validated against experimental data) for dispersion within an enclosed volume. The results of this simple integral model are seen to agree very well with the CFD predictions. The methodology presented here is therefore proposed as a scientifically validated approach to Hazardous Area Classification.