全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8763篇 |
免费 | 473篇 |
国内免费 | 1218篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 453篇 |
废物处理 | 85篇 |
环保管理 | 2322篇 |
综合类 | 4330篇 |
基础理论 | 747篇 |
污染及防治 | 621篇 |
评价与监测 | 1498篇 |
社会与环境 | 322篇 |
灾害及防治 | 76篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 45篇 |
2023年 | 170篇 |
2022年 | 203篇 |
2021年 | 241篇 |
2020年 | 273篇 |
2019年 | 193篇 |
2018年 | 186篇 |
2017年 | 297篇 |
2016年 | 356篇 |
2015年 | 376篇 |
2014年 | 426篇 |
2013年 | 525篇 |
2012年 | 515篇 |
2011年 | 648篇 |
2010年 | 384篇 |
2009年 | 514篇 |
2008年 | 428篇 |
2007年 | 556篇 |
2006年 | 494篇 |
2005年 | 400篇 |
2004年 | 353篇 |
2003年 | 359篇 |
2002年 | 321篇 |
2001年 | 262篇 |
2000年 | 245篇 |
1999年 | 217篇 |
1998年 | 183篇 |
1997年 | 163篇 |
1996年 | 149篇 |
1995年 | 130篇 |
1994年 | 124篇 |
1993年 | 81篇 |
1992年 | 65篇 |
1991年 | 68篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 33篇 |
1986年 | 32篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 25篇 |
1983年 | 24篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 30篇 |
1980年 | 35篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 22篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 23篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Nahanni National Park Reserve is located at southwestern NWT-Yukon border. One of the first UNESCO World Heritage sites, Nahanni lies within Taiga Cordillera and Taiga Shield Ecozones. Base and precious metal mining occurred upstream of Nahanni prior to park establishment. Nahanni waters, sediments, fish, and caribou have naturally elevated metals levels. Baseline water, sediment and fish tissue quality data were collected and analyzed throughout Nahanni during 1988–91 and 1992–97. These two programs characterized how aquatic quality variables are naturally varying in space and time, affected by geology, stream flow, seasonality, and extreme meteorological and geological events. Possible anthropogenic causes of aquatic quality change were examined. Measured values were compared to existing Guidelines and site-specific objectives were established. 相似文献
32.
Water quality indices (WQIs) have been developed to assess the suitability of water for a variety of uses. These indices reflect the status of water quality in lakes, streams, rivers, and reservoirs. The concept of WQIs is based on a comparison of the concentration of contaminants with the respective environmental standards. The number, frequency, and magnitude by which the environmental standards for specific variables are not met in a given time period are reflected in WQIs. Further, the water quality trend analysis predicts the behavior of the water quality parameters and overall water quality in the time domain. In this paper, the concept of WQI was applied to three selected watersheds of Atlantic region: the Mersey River, the Point Wolfe River, and the Dunk River sites. To have robust study, two different water quality indices are used: Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI), and British Columbia Water Quality Index (BWQI). The complete study was conducted in two steps. The first step was to organize and process the data into a format compatible with WQI analysis. After processing the input data, the WQI was calculated. The second step outlined in the paper discusses detailed trend analysis using linear and quadratic models for all the three sites. As per the 25 years trend analysis, overall water quality for agriculture use observed an improving trend at all the three sites studied. Water quality for raw water used for drinking (prior to treatment) and aquatic uses has shown improving trend at Point Wolfe River. It is further observed that pH, SO4, and NO3 concentrations are improving at Dunk River, Mersey River, and Point Wolfe River sites. To ascertain the reliability and significance of the trend analysis, a detailed error analysis and parametric significance tests were also conducted It was observed that for most of the sites and water uses quadratic trend models were a better fit than the linear models. 相似文献
33.
Mehaffey MH Nash MS Wade TG Ebert DW Jones KB Rager A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,107(1-3):29-44
The Catskill/Delaware reservoirs supply 90% of New York City’s drinking water. The City has implemented a series of watershed protection measures, including land acquisition, aimed at preserving water quality in the Catskill/Delaware watersheds. The objective of this study was to examine how relationships between landscape and surface water measurements change between years. Thirty-two drainage areas delineated from surface water sample points (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and fecal coliform bacteria concentrations) were used in step-wise regression analyses to test landscape and surface-water quality relationships. Two measurements of land use, percent agriculture and percent urban development, were positively related to water quality and consistently present in all regression models. Together these two land uses explained 25 to 75% of the regression model variation. However, the contribution of agriculture to water quality condition showed a decreasing trend with time as overall agricultural land cover decreased. Results from this study demonstrate that relationships between land cover and surface water concentrations of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and fecal coliform bacteria counts over a large area can be evaluated using a relatively simple geographic information system method. Land managers may find this method useful for targeting resources in relation to a particular water quality concern, focusing best management efforts, and maximizing benefits to water quality with minimal costs.The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency’s administrative review and approved for publication as an EPA document. 相似文献
34.
Evaluation of Water Quality in the Chillán River (Central Chile) Using Physicochemical Parameters and a Modified Water Quality Index 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Debels P Figueroa R Urrutia R Barra R Niell X 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,110(1-3):301-322
The Chillán River in Central Chile plays a fundamental role in local society, as a source of irrigation and drinking water,
and as a sink for urban wastewater. In order to characterize the spatial and temporal variability of surface water quality
in the watershed, a Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated from nine physicochemical parameters, periodically measured at
18 sampling sites (January–November 2000). The results indicated a good water quality in the upper and middle parts of the
watershed. Downstream of the City of Chillán, water quality conditions were critical during the dry season, mainly due to
the effects of the urban wastewater discharge. On the basis of the results from a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), modifications
were introduced into the original WQI to reduce the costs associated with its implementation. WQIDIR2 and WQIDIR, which are both based on a laboratory analysis (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and three (pH, temperature and conductivity), respectively,
four field measurements (pH, temperature, conductivity and Dissolved Oxygen), adequately reproduce the most important spatial
and temporal variations observed with the original index. They are proposed as useful tools for monitoring global water quality
trends in this and other, similar agricultural watersheds in the Chilean Central Valley. Possibilities and limitations for
the application of the used methodology to watersheds in other parts of the world are discussed. 相似文献
35.
MARTIN A. STAPANIAN STEVEN P. CLINE DAVID L. CASSELL 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,45(3):237-257
We evaluate a field method for determining species richness andcanopy cover of vascular plants for the Forest Health MonitoringProgram (FHM), an ecological survey of U.S. forests. Measurementsare taken within 12 1-m2 quadrats on 1/15 ha plots in FHM.Species richness and cover are determined for four height classes(strata) within each quadrat and aggregated by stratum over the entireplot. We estimated (1) the agreement between experienced trainers andinexperienced technicians who collected the data on this survey(accuracy) and (2) the agreement among the technicians (precision) forresults on species richness and cover from 3 test plots at 3 timeintervals. The methods appear to be highly precise, although somediscrepancies with the values obtained by the trainers were found.Trainers found significantly more species in the ground stratum (0–0.6 m) and measured significantly more cover in the uppermost stratum(>4.9 m). The proportion of variation due to measurement error andtemporal variability was less than 13% for species richness (all strata)and cover (all but one stratum). This indicates that the method issuitable for monitoring changes in species richness and canopy coverfor a large-scale synoptic monitoring project such as FHM. 相似文献
36.
博乐市空气质量变化趋势分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了博乐市2001-2005年空气质量监测数据在不同月份、不同年份、不同污染因子的变化趋势,并结合当地能源结构、地理位置、气候特征、城市环境综合发展水平。指出影响博乐市空气质量的主要因素,为防治或减轻博乐地区的空气污染提供了科学依据。 相似文献
37.
中国水环境的NPSP问题及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了我国水环境中的非点源污染(NonpointSourcepollution,缩写为NPSP)的情况,强调农业生产是最主要的非点源污染。同时,针对我国水污染防治的政策目标,提出一些建议。 相似文献
38.
博斯腾湖水质矿化度模型及预测研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
根据博斯腾湖1985~1995年水质监测数据和出入湖水量等水文数据观测值,采用水质扩散模型和盐量平衡关系推导出博斯腾湖大湖区(简称博湖)水质矿化度模型,并预测了几种情况下博湖水质矿化度及近几年变化趋势,分析了影响博湖水质矿化度的主要因素,为博湖的近期和远期环境保护规划、环境管理等提供科学依据. 相似文献
39.
将有时序多目标决策方法应用于地面水环境质量优势的比较,介绍了决策方法的原理和评价步骤。实例分析表明该方法计算过程简便,分辨率高,排序结果与实际环境质量状况相符合。 相似文献
40.
分析了建立锡山市跨行政区水域边界监控点的必要和可行性,并阐述了建立锡山市排污总量控制体系的重要性,以便提高整个区域的水环境质量。 相似文献